Lvs+keepalived 集群搭建

环境

• CentOS release 6.3
• keepalived-1.2.18
• nginx-1.9.10

架构图

Lvs无须安装, CentOS已集成

• 作用: 管理Nginx集群
• 实现: 虚拟ip技术, 负载均衡算法

keepalived安装

• 作用: 心跳检测, 自动重启, 故障转移
• 安装步骤

1.下载keepalived
wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.2.18.tar.gz

2.解压安装：
tar -zxvf keepalived-1.2.18.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

3.下载插件openssl
yum install -y openssl openssl-devel（需要安装一个软件包）

4.开始编译keepalived
cd keepalived-1.2.18/ && ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived

5.make一下
make && make install

6.安装成Linux系统服务
mkdir /etc/keepalived
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/
然后复制keepalived脚本文件：
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
ln -s /usr/local/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/
ln -s /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /sbin/
可以设置开机启动：chkconfig keepalived on

7.准备心跳检测的脚本, 并授权(chmod 777 nginx_check.sh)
#!/bin/bash
A=`ps -C nginx ¨Cno-header |wc -l`
if [ $A -eq 0 ];then
    /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
    sleep 2
    if [ `ps -C nginx --no-header |wc -l` -eq 0 ];then
        killall keepalived
    fi
fi

8.修改配置文件 /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
vrrp_script chk_nginx {
    script "/etc/keepalived/nginx_check.sh" #运行脚本，脚本内容下面有，就是起到一个nginx宕机以后，自动开启服务
    interval 2 #检测时间间隔
    weight -20 #如果条件成立的话，则权重 -20
}
# 定义虚拟路由，VI_1 为虚拟路由的标示符，自己定义名称
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    ###MASTER 主的意思  BACKUP 从
    state BACKUP #来决定主从
    interface eth2 # 绑定虚拟 IP 的网络接口，根据自己的机器填写
    virtual_router_id 51 # 虚拟路由的 ID 号， 两个节点设置必须一样
    mcast_src_ip 192.168.198.133 #填写本机ip
    priority 100 # 节点优先级,主要比从节点优先级高
    nopreempt # 优先级高的设置 nopreempt 解决异常恢复后再次抢占的问题
    advert_int 1 # 组播信息发送间隔，两个节点设置必须一样，默认 1s
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    # 将 track_script 块加入 instance 配置块
    track_script {
        chk_nginx #执行 Nginx 监控的服务
    }
    ### 虚拟IP地址配置规范 假设192.168.212.143 
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.198.1 # 虚拟ip,也就是解决写死程序的ip怎么能切换的ip,也可扩展，用途广泛。可配置多个。
    }
}

9.克隆一个虚拟机, 修改配置文件中的节点类型 网卡 ip

• 常用命令

service keepalived start
service keepalived stop
nginx
nginx -s reload 
nginx -s reopen
nginx -s stop

• 自己遇到的问题

 - keepalived启动, 主机可以ping同虚拟ip, 但是ssh会断开
参考链接: https://www.v2ex.com/t/358354

• 别人遇到的问题

1. 报错: eepalived执行./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived时报错：configure: error: Popt libraries is required
解决办法  
yum install popt-devel
2. 启动报错Starting keepalived (via systemctl):  Job for keepalived.service failed. See 'systemctl status keepalived.service' and 'journalctl -xn' for details.  
解决办法
[root@edu-proxy-01 sbin]# cd /usr/sbin/  
[root@edu-proxy-01 sbin]# rm -f keepalived   
[root@edu-proxy-01 sbin]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived  /usr/sbin/