12C pdb环境下的 Data Guard switchover切换

Data Guard switchover切换（Physical Standby Databases）


一、主库
--查看当前数据库状态
select database_role,switchover_status from v$database;


-switchover_status为'SESSIONS ACTIVE'执行;
alter database commit to switchover to physical standby with session shutdown;

-switchover_status为 'TO STANDBY' 执行;
alter database commit to switchover to physical standby;


-switchover_status为 'RESOLVABLE GAP' ;
- 说明standby和主库存在 日志gap, 比如 standby库的 归档路径空间不足, 监听关闭等问题.
处理好就自动变为 'TO STANDBY'.
    - 主库执行完 switchover to physical standby后, 主库会被关闭.


-- 切换后重新open数据库
10g;
startup mount;

11g&12c;
startup;   --数据库会以 read only 模式open;


--开启实时应用
- 实时应用恢复模式;
alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;


- 非实时的,归档恢复模式
alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;




二、备库
查看当前数据库状态
select database_role,switchover_status from v$database;
-- 在主库切换为 standby后, 备库的 switchover_status 会从  'NOT ALLOWED' 变为 'TO PRIMARY'


switchover_status为 'TO PRIMARY' 切换数据库
alter database commit to switchover to primary with session shutdown;
-- switchover 后 数据库为 mount状态


如果是switchover_status为recovery needed或switchover latent 恢复数据库
alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;




开启数据库
shut immediate;
startup


三,  12C 重新打开 pdb

默认情况下, 12c的pdb在 经过 switchover 后是 mount状态.

-- 方法1,手工打开 pdb

SQL> select database_role,switchover_status from v$database;


DATABASE_ROLE    SWITCHOVER_STATUS
---------------- --------------------
PRIMARY          TO STANDBY


SQL> show pdbs;


    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 POC_PDB                        MOUNTED
SQL> 


SQL> select database_role,switchover_status from v$database;


DATABASE_ROLE    SWITCHOVER_STATUS
---------------- --------------------
PHYSICAL STANDBY NOT ALLOWED


SQL> show pdbs


    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 POC_PDB                        MOUNTED
SQL> 


-- 备库
SQL> alter pluggable database POC_PDB open;


Pluggable database altered.


SQL> show pdbs;


    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 POC_PDB                        READ ONLY  NO

-- 主库
SQL> alter pluggable database POC_PDB open;


Pluggable database altered.


SQL> show pdbs;


    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 POC_PDB                        READ WRITE NO
SQL> 


-- 方法2; 设置pdb随cdb启动而启动到open状态
通过在cdb中设置触发器实现;


使用SYS用户创建如下触发器即可：
CREATE TRIGGER open_all_pdbs
   AFTER STARTUP
   ON DATABASE
BEGIN
   EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'alter pluggable database all open';
END open_all_pdbs;
/


把以上触发器,在DG的主的cbd的sys下都设置上. 备库会自动通过DG同步生存.
建立这个触发器后,switchover后,pdb自动的在主库以 read write打开, 备库以 read only打开.