Fragment 表现 Activity 中用UI的一个行为或者一部分. 可以组合多个fragment放在一个单独的activity中来创建一个多界面区域的UI,并可以在多个activity里重用某一个fragment.把fragment 想象成一个activity的模块化区域, 有它自己的生命周期, 接收属于它的输入事件, 并且可以在activity运行期间添加和删除.
Fragment 必须总是被嵌入到一个activity中, 它们的生命周期直接被其所属的宿主activity的生命周期影响. 例如, 当activity被暂停,那么在其中的所有fragment也被暂停; 当activity被销毁, 所有隶属于它的fragment也被销毁. 然而,当一个activity正在运行时(处于resumed状态), 我们可以独立地操作每一个fragment, 比如添加或删除它们. 当处理这样一个fragment事务时, 也可以将它添加到activity所管理的back stack -- 每一个activity中的back stack实体都是一个发生过的fragment事务的记录. back stack允许用户通过按下 BACK 按键从一个fragment事务后退(往后导航).
学习Android已经有几个月了,前几天做的项目中使用到Fragment的知识,就上网搜索了一下,这里是我整理出来的关于Fragment的使用。
1.效果图(当点击下方菜单栏任意图标时,图标和下方的字体颜色都会随着变化)
2.Mainactivity的代码
package com.stx.fleshfruit.viewpager;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentManager;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentPagerAdapter;
import com.stx.fleshfruit.fragment.Fragment_home;
import com.stx.fleshfruit.fragment.Fragment_favorite;
import com.stx.fleshfruit.fragment.Fragment_shopcart;
import com.stx.fleshfruit.fragment.Fragment_personal;
import com.stx.fleshfruit.view.MyTabView.onTabSelectListener;
public class MainActivity extends FragmentActivity implements
onTabSelectListener {
private MyViewPager mvp;
private MyFragmentPagerAdapter mAdapter;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
mvp = (MyViewPager) findViewById(R.id.mvp);
mAdapter = new MyFragmentPagerAdapter(getSupportFragmentManager());
mvp.setAdapter(mAdapter);
}
private class MyFragmentPagerAdapter extends FragmentPagerAdapter {
public MyFragmentPagerAdapter(FragmentManager fm) {
super(fm);
}
@Override
public Fragment getItem(int position) {
Fragment fragment = null;
switch (position) {
case 0:
fragment = new Fragment_home();
break;
case 1:
fragment = new Fragment_favorite();
break;
case 2:
fragment = new Fragment_shopcart();
break;
case 3:
fragment = new Fragment_personal();
break;
}
return fragment;
}
@Override
public int getCount() {
return 4;
}
}
@Override
public void onTabSelect(int position) {
mvp.setCurrentItem(position);
}
}
2.main xml文件
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<com.stx.fleshfruit.viewpager.MyViewPager
android:id="@+id/mvp"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="0dp"
android:layout_weight="1" >
</com.stx.fleshfruit.viewpager.MyViewPager>
<com.stx.fleshfruit.view.MyTabView
android:id="@+id/myTab"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" >
<com.stx.fleshfruit.view.MyTabView
android:id="@+id/MyTabView01"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" >
</com.stx.fleshfruit.view.MyTabView>
</com.stx.fleshfruit.view.MyTabView>
</LinearLayout>
3.收藏界面Fragment_favorite
package com.stx.fleshfruit.fragment;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
public class Fragment_favorite extends Fragment {
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
}
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
Bundle savedInstanceState) {
return inflater.inflate(R.layout.pager_favorite, container, false);
}
}
3.首页Fragment_home
package com.stx.fleshfruit.fragment;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
public class Fragment_favorite extends Fragment {
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
}
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
Bundle savedInstanceState) {
return inflater.inflate(R.layout.pager_favorite, container, false);
}
}
package com.stx.fleshfruit.fragment;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
public class Fragment_favorite extends Fragment {
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
}
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
Bundle savedInstanceState) {
return inflater.inflate(R.layout.pager_favorite, container, false);
}
}
4.个人中心Fragment_personal
package com.stx.fleshfruit.fragment;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
public class Fragment_personal extends Fragment {
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
}
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
Bundle savedInstanceState) {
return inflater.inflate(R.layout.pager_person, container, false);
}
}
5.Fragment_shopcart购物车
package com.stx.fleshfruit.fragment;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
public class Fragment_personal extends Fragment {
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
}
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
Bundle savedInstanceState) {
return inflater.inflate(R.layout.pager_person, container, false);
}
}
6.对菜单栏下方图标颜色及字体颜色随着点击时而变化代码MyTabView
package com.stx.fleshfruit.view;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.LinearLayout;
import android.widget.RadioButton;
public class MyTabView extends LinearLayout implements View.OnClickListener {
private onTabSelectListener listener;
private List<RadioButton> views;
private int currentPosition;
private List<Integer> selectImages = new ArrayList<Integer>();
private List<Integer> unSelectImages = new ArrayList<Integer>();
public MyTabView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
super(context, attrs);
init();
}
public void init() {
View contentView = LayoutInflater.from(getContext()).inflate(
R.layout.my_tab, this);
views = new ArrayList<RadioButton>();
views.add((RadioButton) contentView.findViewById(R.id.menu_home));
views.add((RadioButton) contentView.findViewById(R.id.menu_favorite));
views.add((RadioButton) contentView.findViewById(R.id.menu_gouwuche));
views.add((RadioButton) contentView.findViewById(R.id.menu_personal));
// 设置点击时菜单栏图标
selectImages.add(R.drawable.home);
selectImages.add(R.drawable.favorite);
selectImages.add(R.drawable.gouwuche1);
selectImages.add(R.drawable.person);
// 设置没有点击时菜单栏图标
unSelectImages.add(R.drawable.home_1);
unSelectImages.add(R.drawable.favorite_1);
unSelectImages.add(R.drawable.gouwuche_1);
unSelectImages.add(R.drawable.person_1);
for (RadioButton rb : views) {
rb.setOnClickListener(this);
}
Activity activity = (Activity) getContext();
if (!(activity instanceof onTabSelectListener)) {
throw new IllegalStateException(
"Activity must implement TabSelectView OnTableSelectListener.");
}
listener = (onTabSelectListener) activity;
}
public interface onTabSelectListener {
public void onTabSelect(int position);
}
// 设置点击监听事件
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
currentPosition = getSelectPosition(v);
setPosition(currentPosition);
listener.onTabSelect(currentPosition);
}
private void setPosition(int position) {
for (int i = 0; i < views.size(); i++) {
if (position == i) {
// 对菜栏下方图标级字体颜色的变化
views.get(i).setTextColor(
getContext().getResources().getColor(R.color.checked));
views.get(i).setCompoundDrawablesWithIntrinsicBounds(null,
getResources().getDrawable(selectImages.get(i)), null,
null);
} else {
views.get(i).setTextColor(Color.GRAY);
views.get(i).setCompoundDrawablesWithIntrinsicBounds(null,
getResources().getDrawable(unSelectImages.get(i)),
null, null);
}
}
}
private int getSelectPosition(View v) {
for (int i = 0; i < views.size(); i++) {
if (views.get(i) == v) {
return i;
}
}
return 0;
}
}
7.MyViewPager.activity代码
package com.stx.fleshfruit.viewpager;
import android.content.Context;
import android.support.v4.view.ViewPager;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
import android.view.MotionEvent;
public class MyViewPager extends ViewPager{
public MyViewPager(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
super(context, attrs);
}
@Override
public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent arg0) {
return false;
}
@Override
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent arg0) {
return false;
}
}
8.My_tab。xml文件
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:background="#ededed">
<RadioGroup
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:background="#ffffff" >
<RadioButton
android:id="@+id/menu_home"
style="@style/myTabStyle"
android:drawableTop="@drawable/home_1"
android:text="首页"
android:textColor="#9c9c9c"/>
<RadioButton
android:id="@+id/menu_favorite"
style="@style/myTabStyle"
android:drawableTop="@drawable/favorite_1"
android:text="收藏"
android:textColor="#9c9c9c" />
<RadioButton
android:id="@+id/menu_gouwuche"
style="@style/myTabStyle"
android:drawableTop="@drawable/gouwuche_1"
android:text="购物篮"
android:textColor="#9c9c9c"/>
<RadioButton
android:id="@+id/menu_personal"
style="@style/myTabStyle"
android:drawableTop="@drawable/person_1"
android:text="我"
android:textColor="#9c9c9c"/>
</RadioGroup>
</LinearLayout>
9.收藏界面的xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="#ededed"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textView1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="收藏" />
</LinearLayout>
10.其他xml文件都是一样的