如何为RecyclerView添加Header
大家在使用ListView的时候可以很轻松的添加headers， 但是不知道大家发现没有，RecyclerView和各种LayoutManager都没有哪个方法是为添加header而设立的，这个时候我们就开始思考如何为RecyclerView添加header了。 这里我们的解决方案和网上你能搜到的大多数方案一样，是通过控制Adapter的itemType来设置的，思路就是根据不同的itemType去加载不同的布局。
public class MyAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<RecyclerView.ViewHolder> {
public static final int TYPE_HEADER = 0;
public static final int TYPE_NORMAL = 1;
private ArrayList<String> mDatas = new ArrayList<>();
private View mHeaderView;
private OnItemClickListener mListener;
public void setOnItemClickListener(OnItemClickListener li) {
mListener = li;
}
public void setHeaderView(View headerView) {
mHeaderView = headerView;
notifyItemInserted(0);
}
public View getHeaderView() {
return mHeaderView;
}
public void addDatas(ArrayList<String> datas) {
mDatas.addAll(datas);
notifyDataSetChanged();
}
@Override
public int getItemViewType(int position) {
if(mHeaderView == null) return TYPE_NORMAL;
if(position == 0) return TYPE_HEADER;
return TYPE_NORMAL;
}
@Override
public RecyclerView.ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
if(mHeaderView != null && viewType == TYPE_HEADER) return new Holder(mHeaderView);
View layout = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.item, parent, false);
return new Holder(layout);
}
@Override
public void onBindViewHolder(RecyclerView.ViewHolder viewHolder, int position) {
if(getItemViewType(position) == TYPE_HEADER) return;
final int pos = getRealPosition(viewHolder);
final String data = mDatas.get(pos);
if(viewHolder instanceof Holder) {
((Holder) viewHolder).text.setText(data);
if(mListener == null) return;
viewHolder.itemView.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
mListener.onItemClick(pos, data);
}
});
}
}
public int getRealPosition(RecyclerView.ViewHolder holder) {
int position = holder.getLayoutPosition();
return mHeaderView == null ? position : position - 1;
}
@Override
public int getItemCount() {
return mHeaderView == null ? mDatas.size() : mDatas.size() + 1;
}
class Holder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
TextView text;
public Holder(View itemView) {
super(itemView);
if(itemView == mHeaderView) return;
text = (TextView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.text);
}
}
interface OnItemClickListener {
void onItemClick(int position, String data);
}
}这里我们重写了getItemViewType方法，并根据位置来返回不同的type，这个type是我们预先商定好的常量，接在onCreateViewHolder方法中来判断itemType，如果是header，则返回我们设置的headerView，否则正常加载item布局，相信大家对于上面的代码不会有任何疑问，接下来我们就在Activity中用一下试试看，
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
mRecyclerView = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.list);
mLayoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this, LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL, false);
mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(mLayoutManager);
mRecyclerView.setItemAnimator(new DefaultItemAnimator());
mAdapter = new MyAdapter();
mRecyclerView.setAdapter(mAdapter);
mAdapter.addDatas(generateData());
setHeader(mRecyclerView);
mAdapter.setOnItemClickListener(new MyAdapter.OnItemClickListener() {
@Override
public void onItemClick(int position, String data) {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, data, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
}
private void setHeader(RecyclerView view) {
View header = LayoutInflater.from(this).inflate(R.layout.header, view, false);
mAdapter.setHeaderView(header);
}这里LayoutManager我们使用了LinearLayoutManager，并且给Adapter设置了一个header，运行一下
看看效果：
恩，还不错，item的点击事件也很完美，那接下来，我们将LayoutManager换成GridLayoutManager看看咋样。
为GridLayoutManager添加header
// mLayoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this, LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL, false);
mLayoutManager = new GridLayoutManager(this, 2);
哎哟，我的小心脏啊，快受不了了，这是什么玩意，我们的header竟然作为一个cell出现在了界面上，这完全不是我们想要的效果啊！ 冷静下来想想，肯定会有解决方法的吧。这时候我们就该引入一个不太常用的方法了：
gridManager.setSpanSizeLookup(new GridLayoutManager.SpanSizeLookup() {
@Override
public int getSpanSize(int position) {
return getItemViewType(position) == TYPE_HEADER
? gridManager.getSpanCount() : 1;
}
});我们解释一下这段代码，首先我们设置了一个SpanSizeLookup，这个类是一个抽象类，而且仅有一个抽象方法getSpanSize，这个方法的返回值决定了我们每个position上的item占据的单元格个数，而我们这段代码综合上面为GridLayoutManager设置的每行的个数来解释的话，
就是当前位置是header的位置，那么该item占据2个单元格，正常情况下占据1个单元格。那这段代码放哪呢？ 为了以后的封装，我们还是在Adapter中找方法放吧。
我们在Adapter中再重写一个方法onAttachedToRecyclerView，
@Override
public void onAttachedToRecyclerView(RecyclerView recyclerView) {
super.onAttachedToRecyclerView(recyclerView);
RecyclerView.LayoutManager manager = recyclerView.getLayoutManager();
if(manager instanceof GridLayoutManager) {
final GridLayoutManager gridManager = ((GridLayoutManager) manager);
gridManager.setSpanSizeLookup(new GridLayoutManager.SpanSizeLookup() {
@Override
public int getSpanSize(int position) {
return getItemViewType(position) == TYPE_HEADER
? gridManager.getSpanCount() : 1;
}
});
}
}这个方法在RecyclerView.setAdapter(MyAdapter)时就会自动执行；
这个时候我们再来看一下效果，
恩，这次达到我们的要求了，不过对于StaggeredGridLayoutManager我们还没做处理，而且我们还发现StaggeredGridLayoutManager中并没有像GridLayoutManager中这样的方法，我们还需要单独为StaggeredGridLayoutManager单独处理一下。
为StaggeredGridLayoutManager添加header
我们继续重写Adapter中另外一个方法。
@Override
public void onViewAttachedToWindow(RecyclerView.ViewHolder holder) {
super.onViewAttachedToWindow(holder);
ViewGroup.LayoutParams lp = holder.itemView.getLayoutParams();
if(lp != null
&& lp instanceof StaggeredGridLayoutManager.LayoutParams
&& holder.getLayoutPosition() == 0) {
StaggeredGridLayoutManager.LayoutParams p = (StaggeredGridLayoutManager.LayoutParams) lp;
p.setFullSpan(true);
}
}这里的处理方式是用通过LayoutParams，而且这里更简单，StaggeredGridLayoutManager.LayoutParams为我们提供了一个setFullSpan方法来设置占领全部空间，好开心，看一下StaggeredGridLayoutManager的效果，
模拟瀑布流方法：
在adapter中的bindViewHolder()方法中，设置layoutparams.height为随机值
@Override
public void bindViewHolder(RecyclerView.ViewHolder parent, String s, int position) {
if(parent instanceof MyHolder){
((MyHolder) parent).mTextView.setText(s);
}
StaggeredGridLayoutManager.LayoutParams params = (StaggeredGridLayoutManager.LayoutParams) parent.itemView.getLayoutParams();
for(int i=0;i<100;i++){
mheight.add((int)(100+Math.random()*300));
}
params.height = mheight.get(position);
parent.itemView.setLayoutParams(params);
}我们需要知道的是：在RecyclerView中，控制展示方式的是LayoutManager。因此，我们为ItemView设置LayoutParams就可以改变recyclerView中每一项的布局。
处理分隔符
这是我们开开心心的继续写代码，并且为我们的item添加了分隔符，分隔符我还是用的翔哥写的那个，毕竟翔哥写的太好了，而且我们没有必要重复造轮子，不过这时候问题出现了，相信你也肯定能猜到应该会出现问题了，因为不管我们怎么处理，header对于RecyclerView来说还是一个普普通通的item，这时候我们添加分割线，肯定也会对header产生影响，那下面，我们再来对翔哥的分割线改造一下吧。
public class GridItemDecoration extends RecyclerView.ItemDecoration {
private static final int[] ATTRS = new int[]{android.R.attr.listDivider};
private Drawable mDivider;
private boolean hasHeader;
public GridItemDecoration(Context context) {
final TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(ATTRS);
mDivider = a.getDrawable(0);
a.recycle();
}
public GridItemDecoration(Context context, boolean header) {
this(context);
hasHeader = header;
}
...
@Override
public void getItemOffsets(Rect outRect, View view,
RecyclerView parent, RecyclerView.State state) {
int position = parent.getChildAdapterPosition(view);
int spanCount = getSpanCount(parent);
int childCount = parent.getAdapter().getItemCount();
int pos = position;
if(hasHeader) {
if(position == 0) {
outRect.set(0, 0, 0, mDivider.getIntrinsicHeight());
return;
} else {
pos = position - 1;
}
}
if (isLastColum(parent, pos, spanCount, childCount)) {
outRect.set(0, 0, mDivider.getIntrinsicWidth(), mDivider.getIntrinsicHeight());
} else {
outRect.set(0, 0, mDivider.getIntrinsicWidth(),
mDivider.getIntrinsicHeight());
}
}
}改造的地方是获取偏移量的方法我们换了一个，因为原来的那个已经过时了，而且，这里我们还加了一个boolean类型的hasHeader变量来表示是不是有header，如果hasHeader并且position为0，那么我们仅仅绘制底部的分割线，其他的地方不绘制，在有header的情况下，我们还需要将position减1，因为我们认为的第1个item其实是第2个。这个时候我们再来看看有分割线的效果。
看来我们的想法是对的，header部分除了底部有一个分割线外，并没有其他的分割线，这也完全符合我们的需求。
封装
这下好了，基本上完美的处理好了，可是难道我们对于不同的Adapter都需要写那么多代码吗？ 对于一个懒程序员来说，这肯定是一个可怕的事情，所以，我们还需要对我们的Adapter进行封装，目的就是可以轻轻松松的写代码，
/**
* Created by Administration on 2017/3/30.
*/
public abstract class BaseRecycylerAdapter<T> extends RecyclerView.Adapter<RecyclerView.ViewHolder> {
private static final int TYPE_HEADER = 0;//有hader的状态
private static final int TYPE_NORMAL = 1;//没有header的状态
private static final int TYPE_FOOTER = 2;//有footor的状态
private ArrayList<T> mDatas = new ArrayList<>();
private View headView;//头布局
private View footView;//底布局
private boolean hasHeadView;//是否有头布局
private boolean hasFootView;//是否有底布局
private OnItemClickListener mListener;
public void setOnItemClickListener(OnItemClickListener li) {
mListener = li;
}
public void addHeadView(View headView){
if(headView!=null){
this.headView = headView;
this.hasHeadView=true;
notifyDataSetChanged();
}
}
private void removeHeaderView(){
if(headView!=null){
notifyItemRemoved(0);
this.headView = null;
this.hasHeadView = false;
notifyDataSetChanged();
}
}
public View getHeadView() {
return headView;
}
private void addFootView(View footView){
if(footView!=null){
this.footView = footView;
this.hasFootView = true;
notifyDataSetChanged();
}
}
private void removeFooterView(){
if(footView!=null){
notifyItemRemoved(getItemCount()-1);
this.footView = null;
this.hasFootView = false;
notifyDataSetChanged();
}
}
public View getFootView() {
return footView;
}
public void addData(ArrayList<T> datas){
mDatas.addAll(datas);
notifyDataSetChanged();
}
@Override
public int getItemViewType(int position) {
if(checkIsHeaderView(position)){
return TYPE_HEADER;
}else if(checkIsFooterView(position)){
return TYPE_FOOTER;
}else{
return TYPE_NORMAL;
}
}
private boolean checkIsFooterView(int position) {
return hasFootView && position == getItemCount()-1;
}
private boolean checkIsHeaderView(int position) {
return hasHeadView && position == 0;
}
@Override
public RecyclerView.ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
if(hasHeadView&&viewType==TYPE_HEADER){
return new HeaderViewHolder(headView);
}
if(hasFootView&&viewType==TYPE_FOOTER){
return new FooterViewHolder(footView);
}
return onCreate(parent,viewType);
}
@Override
public void onBindViewHolder(final RecyclerView.ViewHolder holder, final int position) {
if(checkIsHeaderView(position)&&getItemViewType(position)==TYPE_HEADER){
return ;
}
if(checkIsFooterView(position)&&getItemViewType(position)==TYPE_FOOTER){
return;
}
int realPosition = getRealPosition(holder);
final T data = mDatas.get(realPosition);
bindViewHolder(holder,data,realPosition);
if(mListener!=null){
holder.itemView.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
mListener.onItemClick(position,data,holder);
}
});
}
}
@Override
public void onAttachedToRecyclerView(RecyclerView recyclerView) {
super.onAttachedToRecyclerView(recyclerView);
RecyclerView.LayoutManager manager = recyclerView.getLayoutManager();
if(manager instanceof GridLayoutManager) {
final GridLayoutManager gridManager = ((GridLayoutManager) manager);
gridManager.setSpanSizeLookup(new GridLayoutManager.SpanSizeLookup() {
@Override
public int getSpanSize(int position) {
return getItemViewType(position) == TYPE_HEADER
? gridManager.getSpanCount() : 1;
}
});
}
}
@Override
public void onViewAttachedToWindow(RecyclerView.ViewHolder holder) {
super.onViewAttachedToWindow(holder);
ViewGroup.LayoutParams lp = holder.itemView.getLayoutParams();
if(lp != null
&& lp instanceof StaggeredGridLayoutManager.LayoutParams
&& holder.getLayoutPosition() == 0) {
StaggeredGridLayoutManager.LayoutParams p = (StaggeredGridLayoutManager.LayoutParams) lp;
p.setFullSpan(true);
}
}
private int getRealPosition(RecyclerView.ViewHolder holder) {
int position = holder.getAdapterPosition();//position : 1
if(hasHeadView||hasFootView){
return position-1;
}
else if(hasHeadView&hasFootView){
return position-2;
}
else{
return position;
}
}
@Override
public int getItemCount() {
return getItems() + (hasHeadView ? 1 : 0) + (hasFootView ? 1 : 0);
}
private class HeaderViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
public HeaderViewHolder(View itemView) {
super(itemView);
itemView.setOnClickListener(null);
}
}
private class FooterViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
public FooterViewHolder(View footView) {
super(footView);
footView.setOnClickListener(null);
}
}
public abstract int getItems();
public abstract RecyclerView.ViewHolder onCreate(ViewGroup parent,int viewType);
public abstract void bindViewHolder(RecyclerView.ViewHolder parent,T t,int position);
public interface OnItemClickListener<T> {
void onItemClick(int position, T data, RecyclerView.ViewHolder holder);
}
}
我们将BaseRecyclerAdapter抽象起来，并且提供两个抽象方法onCreate和onBind用来创建holder和绑定数据，而对于header做的一系列工作，我们都放到了BaseRecyclerAdapter中，而继承BaseRecyclerAdapter后，我们仅仅关心我们的holder怎么创建和数据怎么绑定就ok。例如下面代码：
private class MyAdapter extends BaseRecycylerAdapter<String>{
private List<Integer> mheight = new ArrayList<>();
@Override
public int getItems() {
return list.size();
}
@Override
public RecyclerView.ViewHolder onCreate(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
LayoutInflater mInflater = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext());
View view = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.item,parent,false);
return new MyHolder(view);
}
@Override
public void bindViewHolder(RecyclerView.ViewHolder parent, String s, int position) {
if(parent instanceof MyHolder){
((MyHolder) parent).mTextView.setText(s);
}
StaggeredGridLayoutManager.LayoutParams params = (StaggeredGridLayoutManager.LayoutParams) parent.itemView.getLayoutParams();
for(int i=0;i<100;i++){
mheight.add((int)(100+Math.random()*300));
}
params.height = mheight.get(position);
parent.itemView.setLayoutParams(params);
}
private class MyHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
private TextView mTextView;
public MyHolder(View view) {
super(view);
mTextView = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.text);
}
}
}
MainActivity.java :
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private RecyclerView recyclerView;
private MyAdapter mAdapter;
private ArrayList<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
private RecyclerView.LayoutManager mLayoutManager;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
initData();
mAdapter = new MyAdapter();
mAdapter.addData(list);
recyclerView = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.recyclerView);
mLayoutManager = getLayoutManager();
recyclerView.setLayoutManager(mLayoutManager);
recyclerView.setAdapter(mAdapter);
setHeader(recyclerView);
mAdapter.setOnItemClickListener(new BaseRecycylerAdapter.OnItemClickListener() {
@Override
public void onItemClick(int position, Object data, RecyclerView.ViewHolder holder) {
if(position==mAdapter.getItems()){
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "last one",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
else if(position==0){
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "first one",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
else{
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, (String) data,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
});
}
private void setHeader(RecyclerView recyclerView) {
View header = LayoutInflater.from(this).inflate(R.layout.head_layout, recyclerView, false);
//给头布局设置点击事件
header.findViewById(R.id.image).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "header click",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
mAdapter.addHeadView(header);
}
private RecyclerView.LayoutManager getLayoutManager() {
// LinearLayoutManager manager = new LinearLayoutManager(this);
// GridLayoutManager manager = new GridLayoutManager(this,4);
StaggeredGridLayoutManager manager = new StaggeredGridLayoutManager(2,StaggeredGridLayoutManager.VERTICAL);
return manager;
}
private void initData() {
for(int i=0;i<100;i++){
list.add("#name "+i);
}
}
private class MyAdapter extends BaseRecycylerAdapter<String>{
private List<Integer> mheight = new ArrayList<>();
@Override
public int getItems() {
return list.size();
}
@Override
public RecyclerView.ViewHolder onCreate(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
LayoutInflater mInflater = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext());
View view = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.item,parent,false);
return new MyHolder(view);
}
@Override
public void bindViewHolder(RecyclerView.ViewHolder parent, String s, int position) {
if(parent instanceof MyHolder){
((MyHolder) parent).mTextView.setText(s);
}
StaggeredGridLayoutManager.LayoutParams params = (StaggeredGridLayoutManager.LayoutParams) parent.itemView.getLayoutParams();
for(int i=0;i<100;i++){
mheight.add((int)(100+Math.random()*300));
}
params.height = mheight.get(position);
parent.itemView.setLayoutParams(params);
}
private class MyHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
private TextView mTextView;
public MyHolder(View view) {
super(view);
mTextView = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.text);
}
}
}
}
这样我们再用起来就简单多了，对于这样的封装，我们还算满意，再做完添加header后，相信大家对于footer也有想法了，有想法就实现它吧，扩展一下BaseRecyclerAdapter就ok啦。
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