stat实战

stat

struct stat {
               dev_t     st_dev;     /* ID of device containing file */
               ino_t     st_ino;     /* inode number */
               mode_t    st_mode;    /* protection */
               nlink_t   st_nlink;   /* number of hard links */
               uid_t     st_uid;     /* user ID of owner */
               gid_t     st_gid;     /* group ID of owner */
               dev_t     st_rdev;    /* device ID (if special file) */
               off_t     st_size;    /* total size, in bytes */
               blksize_t st_blksize; /* blocksize for filesystem I/O */
               blkcnt_t  st_blocks;  /* number of 512B blocks allocated */
               time_t    st_atime;   /* time of last access */
               time_t    st_mtime;   /* time of last modification */
               time_t    st_ctime;   /* time of last status change */
           };

stat结构体是文件（夹）信息的结构体，定义如上，一般情况下，我们关心文件大小和创建时间、访问时间、修改时间。

EXAMPLE

   The following program calls stat() and displays selected fields
   in the returned stat structure.

   #include <sys/types.h>
   #include <sys/stat.h>
   #include <time.h>
   #include <stdio.h>
   #include <stdlib.h>

   int
   main(int argc, char *argv[])
   {
       struct stat sb;

       if (argc != 2) {
           fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s <pathname>\n", argv[0]);
           exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
       }

if (stat(argv[1], &sb) == -1) {

           perror("stat");
           exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
       }

       printf("File type:                ");

       switch (sb.st_mode & S_IFMT) {
       case S_IFBLK:  printf("block device\n");            break;
       case S_IFCHR:  printf("character device\n");        break;
       case S_IFDIR:  printf("directory\n");               break;
       case S_IFIFO:  printf("FIFO/pipe\n");               break;
       case S_IFLNK:  printf("symlink\n");                 break;
       case S_IFREG:  printf("regular file\n");            break;
       case S_IFSOCK: printf("socket\n");                  break;
       default:       printf("unknown?\n");                break;
       }
printf("I-node number:            %ld\n", (long) sb.st_ino);


       printf("Mode:                     %lo (octal)\n",
               (unsigned long) sb.st_mode);

       printf("Link count:               %ld\n", (long) sb.st_nlink);
       printf("Ownership:                UID=%ld   GID=%ld\n",
               (long) sb.st_uid, (long) sb.st_gid);

       printf("Preferred I/O block size: %ld bytes\n",
               (long) sb.st_blksize);
       printf("File size:                %lld bytes\n",
               (long long) sb.st_size);
       printf("Blocks allocated:         %lld\n",
               (long long) sb.st_blocks);

       printf("Last status change:       %s", ctime(&sb.st_ctime));
       printf("Last file access:         %s", ctime(&sb.st_atime));
       printf("Last file modification:   %s", ctime(&sb.st_mtime));

       exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
   }

Result：

./a.out test2.txt 
File type:                regular file
I-node number:            148998
Mode:                     100664 (octal)
Link count:               1
Ownership:                UID=1000   GID=1000
Preferred I/O block size: 4096 bytes
File size:                10 bytes
Blocks allocated:         8
Last status change:       Sat Apr 25 17:20:55 2020
Last file access:         Sat Apr 25 17:21:16 2020
Last file modification:   Sat Apr 25 17:20:55 2020