利用NET-SNMP开发代理(原创)

  SNMP代理开发：

  by Flyfish <zxm0718@yahoo.com.cn>

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添加自定义MIB库：

1、把自定义的MIB库拷贝到c:/usr/share/snmp/mibs/下；

2、使用snmpconf这个perl工具配置MIB库到NET-SNMP系统；

C:/usr/bin>snmpconf -i

The following installed configuration files were found:

  1:  ./snmpd.conf

  2:  c:/usr/etc/snmp/snmp.conf

  3:  c:/usr/etc/snmp/snmpd.conf

  4:  c:/usr/share/snmp/snmp.conf

  5:  c:/usr/share/snmp/snmptrapd.conf

Would you like me to read them in?  Their content will be merged with the

output files created by this session.

Valid answer examples: "all", "none","3","1,2,5"

Read in which (default = all):

I can create the following types of configuration files for you.

Select the file type you wish to create:

(you can create more than one as you run this program)

  1:  snmpd.conf

  2:  snmptrapd.conf

  3:  snmp.conf

Other options: quit

Select File: 3

The configuration information which can be put into snmp.conf is divided

into sections.  Select a configuration section for snmp.conf

that you wish to create:

  1:  Default Authentication Options

  2:  Debugging output options

  3:  Textual mib parsing

  4:  Output style options

Other options: finished

Select section: 3

Section: Textual mib parsing

Description:

 This section controls the textual mib parser.  Textual

 mibs are parsed in order to convert OIDs, enumerated

 lists, and ... to and from textual representations

 and numerical representations.

Select from:

  1:  Specifies directories to be searched for mibs.

  2:  Specifies a list of mibs to be searched for and loaded.

  3:  Loads a particular mib file from a particualar path

  4:  Should errors in mibs be displayed when the mibs are loaded

  5:  Should warnings about mibs be displayed when the mibs are loaded

  6:  Be strict about about mib comment termination.

  7:  Should underlines be allowed in mib symbols (illegal)

  8:  Force replacement of older mibs with known updated ones

Other options: finished, list

Select section: 2

Configuring: mibs

Description:

 Specifies a list of mibs to be searched for and loaded.

   Adding a '+' sign to the front of the argument appends the new

   mib name to the list of mibs already being searched for.

   arguments: [+]mibname[:mibname...]

Enter the list of mibs to read: MyMIB /*注意使用的是文件名*/

Finished Output: mibs  +MyMIB

Section: Textual mib parsing

Description:

 This section controls the textual mib parser.  Textual

 mibs are parsed in order to convert OIDs, enumerated

 lists, and ... to and from textual representations

 and numerical representations.

Select from:

  1:  Specifies directories to be searched for mibs.

  2:  Specifies a list of mibs to be searched for and loaded.

  3:  Loads a particular mib file from a particualar path

  4:  Should errors in mibs be displayed when the mibs are loaded

  5:  Should warnings about mibs be displayed when the mibs are loaded

  6:  Be strict about about mib comment termination.

  7:  Should underlines be allowed in mib symbols (illegal)

  8:  Force replacement of older mibs with known updated ones

Other options: finished, list

Select section: finished

The configuration information which can be put into snmp.conf is divided

into sections.  Select a configuration section for snmp.conf

that you wish to create:

  1:  Default Authentication Options

  2:  Debugging output options

  3:  Textual mib parsing

  4:  Output style options

Other options: finished

Select section: finished

I can create the following types of configuration files for you.

Select the file type you wish to create:

(you can create more than one as you run this program)

  1:  snmpd.conf

  2:  snmptrapd.conf

  3:  snmp.conf

Other options: quit

Select File: quit

The following files were created:

 snmp.conf installed in c:/usr/share/snmp

C:/usr/bin>

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如下语句可概览MIB库中某节点开始的信息：

snmptranslate -Tp -OS 1.3.6.1.4.1

输出至文本：

snmptranslate -Tp -OS 1.3.6.1.4.1 >enterpriseView.txt

例如：

运行snmptranslate -Tp -OS 1.3.6.1.2.1.1会输出如下：

+--system(1)

  |

  +-- -R-- String    sysDescr(1)

  |        Textual Convention: DisplayString

  |        Size: 0..255

  +-- -R-- ObjID     sysObjectID(2)

  +-- -R-- TimeTicks sysUpTime(3)

  |  |

  |  +--sysUpTimeInstance(0)

  |

  +-- -RW- String    sysContact(4)

  |        Textual Convention: DisplayString

  |        Size: 0..255

  +-- -RW- String    sysName(5)

  |        Textual Convention: DisplayString

  |        Size: 0..255

  +-- -RW- String    sysLocation(6)

  |        Textual Convention: DisplayString

  |        Size: 0..255

  +-- -R-- INTEGER   sysServices(7)

  |        Range: 0..127

  +-- -R-- TimeTicks sysORLastChange(8)

  |        Textual Convention: TimeStamp

  |

  +--sysORTable(9)

     |

     +--sysOREntry(1)

        |  Index: sysORIndex

        |

        +-- ---- INTEGER   sysORIndex(1)

        |        Range: 1..2147483647

        +-- -R-- ObjID     sysORID(2)

        +-- -R-- String    sysORDescr(3)

        |        Textual Convention: DisplayString

        |        Size: 0..255

        +-- -R-- TimeTicks sysORUpTime(4)

                 Textual Convention: TimeStamp

********************************************************************************

========================================================================================

1 按照《用NET-SNMP软件包开发简单客户端代理》一文进行扩展开发代理(自定义Agent程序方式)。

自定义的MIB库如下：

+--foxmail(310)

  |

  +-- -RW- Integer32 SecondCounter(1)

  +-- -R-- TimeTicks WeekTime(2)

  |

  +--ExampleTable(3)

     |

     +--ExampleEntry(1)

        |  Index: UserIndex

        |

        +-- -R-- Integer32 UserIndex(1)

        |        Textual Convention: InterfaceIndex

        |        Range: 1..2147483647

        +-- -R-- String    UserStatus(2)

        |        Textual Convention: DisplayString

        |        Size: 0..255

        +-- -R-- TimeTicks CheckTime(3)

        +-- -RW- Integer32 MonSet(4)

使用MIB2C工具生成*.c和*.h文件模板，在get和set中添加自己的实现代码。

新建工程，加入上述自动生成的文件，并编写主函数文件。

使用静态库版本的netsnmp.lib, netsnmpagent.lib, netsnmpmibs.lib, netsnmphelpers.lib加上wsock32.lib编译链接生成agent。

把此agent拷到c:/usr/bin下，编写相应的配置文件，即可运行。

配置文件写法与snmpd.exe的配置文件类似。

2 按例子生成的agent: FoxMail好像不能指定运行端口，只能运行于默认的161端口

3 使用proxy功能：

在snmpd.conf中加入：

proxy -v 1 -c public localhost:161 .1.3.6.1.4.1.310

或proxy -v 1 -c public -c private localhost:161 .1.3.6.1.4.1.310

先运行foxmail.exe, 再运行snmpd.exe (需指定端口，如：snmpd -f -Le -d 192.168.0.33:10161)

4 foxmail中，只能查到标量对象值，表对象查不到值，提示"Error:Can't open data.txt!"

原来他采用了读文件来实现表: 需要data.txt文件，格式为"%d %s %d %d"，分别代表UserIndex，UserStatus，CheckTime，MonSet

手动编写一个此文件，放到foxmail.exe所在目录下，重启foxmail.exe，重启snmpd.exe，通过!

5 SET测试，表对象通过：set 1.3.6.1.4.1.310.3.1.4.4(MonSet.4) 53

但标量对象(SecondCounter.0)没实现？

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扩展代理(嵌入到snmpd.exe方式)：

按照官方手册《Readme.win32》中"Microsoft Visual C++ - Extending the Agent"一节。

1、首先使用mib2c工具生成*.c和*.h文件，合并模板，并编写相应实现代码。以下采用上述MIB库foxmail项目中已经生成的文件。

2、把生成的*.c和*.h文件拷到$source/agent/mibgroup/foxmail/目录下。

3、把这些文件添加到netsnmpmibssdk工程中去。

4、编辑$source/win32/mib_module_includes.h文件：添加自定义库的 .h 文件。

5、编辑$source/win32/mib_module_inits.h文件添加初始化函数：

if (should_init("Foxmail")) init_foxmail();

6、重新编译netsnmpmibssdk和snmpdsdk工程，注意一定要使用静态库方式，依赖的其余几个库也要使用静态库。

7、success!

把编译后的snmpd.exe和netsnmpmibs.lib拷到安装目录，照常使用snmpd.exe即可。

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