【八】hive DML之import/export

export可以把hive表或分区中的数据随着元数据一起导出到指定的路径下。

导出的数据可以被移动到其他的hadoop、hive中去。

在其他的hadoop、hive中想要用export出的数据，就要使用import命令。

导出一个表的分区，原始数据能够被加载到不同的HDFS中。也可以导出/导入一个分区的子集。

导出/导入的元数据库可以不一样，比如derby到mysql。

EXPORT TABLE tablename [PARTITION (part_column="value"[, ...])]
  TO 'export_target_path' [ FOR replication('eventid') ]

IMPORT [[EXTERNAL] TABLE new_or_original_tablename [PARTITION (part_column="value"[, ...])]]
  FROM 'source_path'
  [LOCATION 'import_target_path']

例子

Simple export and import:

export table department to 'hdfs_exports_location/department';
import from 'hdfs_exports_location/department';

Rename table on import:

export table department to 'hdfs_exports_location/department';
import table imported_dept from 'hdfs_exports_location/department';

Export partition and import:

export table employee partition (emp_country="in", emp_state="ka") to 'hdfs_exports_location/employee';
import from 'hdfs_exports_location/employee';

Export table and import partition:

export table employee to 'hdfs_exports_location/employee';
import table employee partition (emp_country="us", emp_state="tn") from 'hdfs_exports_location/employee';

Specify the import location:

export table department to 'hdfs_exports_location/department';
import table department from 'hdfs_exports_location/department' 
       location 'import_target_location/department';

Import as an external table:

export table department to 'hdfs_exports_location/department';
import external table department from 'hdfs_exports_location/department';