1.简介
(1)swagger
Swagger 是一个规范和完整的框架,用于生成、描述、调用和可视化 RESTful 风格的 Web 服务;是一款Restful接口的文档在线自动生成和功能测试功能软件。
(2)restful
在平时的 Web 开发中,method 常用的值是 GET 和 POST,但是实际上,HTTP 方法还有 PATCH、DELETE、PUT 等其他值,这些方法又通常会匹配为如下的 CRUD 动作:
下面是普通的crud跟restful风格的crud的uri的区别
2.实战
使用springboot+mybatis+swagger2写了一个简单的可以实现增删改查的小demo
1.在pom.xml文件中加入swagger2依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
<version>2.9.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId>
<version>2.9.2</version>
</dependency>
2.完成实体类、dao、service的编写
实体类(这里用了lombok插件)
package com.sxw.pojo;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Books {
private int bookID;
private String bookName;
private int bookCounts;
private String detail;
}
dao层
package com.sxw.dao;
import com.sxw.pojo.Books;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import java.util.List;
@Mapper
@Repository
public interface BookMapper {
//增加一本书
int addBook(Books books);
//删除一本书
int deleteBookById(@Param("bookID") int id);
//更新一本书
int updateBook(Books books);
//查询一本书
Books queryBookById(@Param("bookID") int id);
//查询全部的书
List<Books> queryAllBook();
Books queryBookByName(@Param("bookName") String bookName);
}
mapper文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.sxw.dao.BookMapper">
<insert id="addBook" parameterType="Books" >
insert into books (bookName,bookCounts,detail)
values (#{bookName},#{bookCounts},#{detail});
</insert>
<delete id="deleteBookById" parameterType="int">
delete from books where bookID=#{bookID}
</delete>
<update id="updateBook" parameterType="Books" >
update books
set bookName=#{bookName},bookCounts=#{bookCounts},detail=#{detail}
where bookID=#{bookID} ;
</update>
<select id="queryBookById" parameterType="int" resultType="Books">
select * from books
where bookID=#{bookID};
</select>
<select id="queryAllBook" resultType="Books">
select * from books;
</select>
<select id="queryBookByName" parameterType="String" resultType="Books">
select * from books where bookName=#{bookName};
</select>
</mapper>
service层
接口
package com.sxw.service;
import com.sxw.pojo.Books;
import java.util.List;
public interface BookService {
//增加一本书
int addBook(Books books);
//删除一本书
int deleteBookById(int id);
//更新一本书
int updateBook(Books books);
//查询一本书
Books queryBookById(int id);
//查询全部的书
List<Books> queryAllBook();
}
实现类
package com.sxw.service.impl;
import com.sxw.dao.BookMapper;
import com.sxw.pojo.Books;
import com.sxw.service.BookService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.List;
@Service
public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService {
//service调dao层
@Autowired
private BookMapper bookMapper;
public void setBookMapper(BookMapper bookMapper) {
this.bookMapper = bookMapper;
}
public int addBook(Books books) {
return bookMapper.addBook(books);
}
public int deleteBookById(int id) {
return bookMapper.deleteBookById(id);
}
public int updateBook(Books books) {
return bookMapper.updateBook(books);
}
public Books queryBookById(int id) {
return bookMapper.queryBookById(id);
}
public List<Books> queryAllBook() {
return bookMapper.queryAllBook();
}
}
3.编写application.properties
# 关闭模板引擎缓存
spring.thymeleaf.cache=false
# 连接数据库
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=6666
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
# 前端显示乱码
server.servlet.encoding.force=true
server.servlet.encoding.charset=UTF-8
server.servlet.encoding.enabled=true
server.tomcat.uri-encoding=UTF-8
# 整合mybatis
mybatis.type-aliases-package=com.sxw.pojo
mybatis.mapper-locations=classpath:mapper/*.xml
#开启Mybatis下划线命名转驼峰命名
mybatis.configuration.map-underscore-to-camel-case=true
#开启HiddenHttpMethodFilter
spring.mvc.hiddenmethod.filter.enabled = true
4.创建一个swagger2配置类
package com.sxw.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import springfox.documentation.builders.ApiInfoBuilder;
import springfox.documentation.builders.PathSelectors;
import springfox.documentation.builders.RequestHandlerSelectors;
import springfox.documentation.service.ApiInfo;
import springfox.documentation.service.Contact;
import springfox.documentation.spi.DocumentationType;
import springfox.documentation.spring.web.plugins.Docket;
import springfox.documentation.swagger2.annotations.EnableSwagger2;
@Configuration
@EnableSwagger2
public class Swagger2 {
@Bean
public Docket createRestApi() {
return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2)
.apiInfo(apiInfo())
.select()
.apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.basePackage("com.sxw.controller"))
.paths(PathSelectors.any())
.build();
}
private ApiInfo apiInfo() {
return new ApiInfoBuilder()
.title("springboot使用swagger2实现restful风格")
.description("开心就完事了")
.termsOfServiceUrl("https://www.baidu.com/")
.contact(new Contact("wei","https://www.baidu.com/","1@qq.com"))
.version("1.0")
.license("Apache 2.0")
.licenseUrl("http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0")
.build();
}
}
5.controller层
package com.sxw.controller;
import com.sxw.pojo.Books;
import com.sxw.service.BookService;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiImplicitParam;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiImplicitParams;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import java.util.List;
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/books")
public class BookController {
@Autowired
private BookService bookService;
//查询全部的书籍,并且返回到一个书籍展示页面
@ApiOperation(value = "获取图书列表")
@GetMapping
public List<Books> list(){
List<Books> list = bookService.queryAllBook();
return list;
}
//查询单个书籍
@ApiOperation(value = "查询单个书籍",notes = "根据bookID查询" )
@ApiImplicitParam(name = "bookID", value = "图书ID", required = true, dataType = "int")
@GetMapping("/{bookID}")
public String queryById(@PathVariable("bookID") int id){
Books books = bookService.queryBookById(id);
if(books!=null){
return books.toString();
}
return "没有查到此书";
}
//添加书籍的请求
@ApiOperation(value="创建图书", notes="根据Books对象创建图书")
@ApiImplicitParam(name = "books", value = "图书实体", required = true, dataType = "Books")
@PostMapping
public String addBook(@RequestBody Books books){
bookService.addBook(books);
return "success";
}
//修改书籍
@ApiOperation(value = "更新图书信息",notes = "跟新图书信息")
@ApiImplicitParams({
@ApiImplicitParam(name = "bookID", value = "图书ID", required = true, dataType = "int"),
@ApiImplicitParam(name = "books", value = "图书实体", required = true, dataType = "Books")
})
@PutMapping("/{bookID}")
public String updateBook(@PathVariable int bookID,@RequestBody Books books){
Books books1 = bookService.queryBookById(bookID);
if(books1!=null){
bookService.updateBook(books);
return "success";
}
return "没有此用户 无法修改";
}
//删除书籍
@ApiOperation(value = "删除图书",notes="根据url的id来指定删除图书")
@ApiImplicitParam(name = "bookID", value = "图书ID", required = true, dataType = "int")
@DeleteMapping("/{bookID}")
public String deleteBook(@PathVariable("bookID") int id){
Books books = bookService.queryBookById(id);
if(books!=null){
bookService.deleteBookById(id);
return "删除成功";
}
return "没有此用户,删除失败";
}
// //查询书籍
// @GetMapping(value = "/book")
// public String queryBook(String queryBookName, Model model){
// Books books = bookService.queryBookByName(queryBookName);
// List<Books> list = new ArrayList<Books>();
// list.add(books);
// if(books==null){
// list = bookService.queryAllBook();
// model.addAttribute("error","未查到");
// }
// model.addAttribute("list",list);
// return "book/list";
// }
}
3.测试
在导航栏中输入http://localhost:8080/swagger-ui.html
我们接下来一个一个看,先看获取图书列表
后端代码
//查询全部的书籍,并且返回到一个书籍展示页面
@ApiOperation(value = "获取图书列表")
@GetMapping
public List<Books> list(){
List<Books> list = bookService.queryAllBook();
return list;
}
用swagger测试
接下来测试单个查询
接下来增加书籍
在这里输入书籍信息即可
更改图书信息
删除图书
4.swagger2的一些注解使用说明
@Api:用在请求的类上,表示对类的说明
tags="说明该类的作用,可以在UI界面上看到的注解"
value="该参数没什么意义,在UI界面上也看到,所以不需要配置"
示例:
@Api(tags="APP用户注册Controller")
@ApiOperation:用在请求的方法上,说明方法的用途、作用
value="说明方法的用途、作用"
notes="方法的备注说明"
示例:
@ApiOperation(value="用户注册",notes="手机号、密码都是必输项,年龄随边填,但必须是数字")
@ApiImplicitParams:用在请求的方法上,表示一组参数说明
@ApiImplicitParam:用在@ApiImplicitParams注解中,指定一个请求参数的各个方面
name:参数名
value:参数的汉字说明、解释
required:参数是否必须传
paramType:参数放在哪个地方
· header --> 请求参数的获取:@RequestHeader
· query --> 请求参数的获取:@RequestParam
· path(用于restful接口)--> 请求参数的获取:@PathVariable
· body(不常用)
· form(不常用)
dataType:参数类型,默认String,其它值dataType="Integer"
defaultValue:参数的默认值
示例:
@ApiImplicitParams({
@ApiImplicitParam(name="mobile",value="手机号",required=true,paramType="form"),
@ApiImplicitParam(name="password",value="密码",required=true,paramType="form"),
@ApiImplicitParam(name="age",value="年龄",required=true,paramType="form",dataType="Integer")
})
@ApiResponses:用在请求的方法上,表示一组响应
@ApiResponse:用在@ApiResponses中,一般用于表达一个错误的响应信息
code:数字,例如400
message:信息,例如"请求参数没填好"
response:抛出异常的类
@ApiOperation(value = "select1请求",notes = "多个参数,多种的查询参数类型")
@ApiResponses({
@ApiResponse(code=400,message="请求参数没填好"),
@ApiResponse(code=404,message="请求路径没有或页面跳转路径不对")
})
@ApiModel:用于响应类上,表示一个返回响应数据的信息
(这种一般用在post创建的时候,使用@RequestBody这样的场景,
请求参数无法使用@ApiImplicitParam注解进行描述的时候)
@ApiModelProperty:用在属性上,描述响应类的属性
示例:
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModel;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModelProperty;
import java.io.Serializable;
@ApiModel(description= "返回响应数据")
public class RestMessage implements Serializable{
@ApiModelProperty(value = "是否成功")
private boolean success=true;
@ApiModelProperty(value = "返回对象")
private Object data;
@ApiModelProperty(value = "错误编号")
private Integer errCode;
@ApiModelProperty(value = "错误信息")
private String message;
}
POST请求传入对象
示例:
@ApiOperation(value="保存用户", notes="保存用户")
@RequestMapping(value="/saveUser", method= RequestMethod.POST)
public String saveUser(@RequestBody @ApiParam(name="用户对象",value="传入json格式",required=true) User user){
userDao.save(user);
return "success!";
}