Servlet基础编程

编写第一个ServletDemo

继承HttpServlet

@WebServlet("/WelcomeServlet")
public class WelcomeServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=GB18030");
        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
        out.println("欢迎进入Servlet");
    }
}

配置web.xml

 <display-name>ServletDemo</display-name>
  <welcome-file-list>
     <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
     <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
     <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
     <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
     <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
     <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>

  <servlet>
     <servlet-name>WelcomeServlet</servlet-name>
     <!--包和类名-->
     <servlet-class>servlets.WelcomeServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>

  <servlet-mapping>
     <servlet-name>WelcomeServlet</servlet-name>
     <!--访问的url-->
     <url-pattern>/servlets/WelcomeServlet</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

运行结果

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Serlvet运行机制

在WelcomeServlet.Java添加一个构造方法

public class WelcomeServlet extends HttpServlet {
    public  WelcomeServlet()
    {
        System.out.println("创建WelcomeServlet对象");
    }
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        System.out.println("调用doGet()函数!");
        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=GB18030");
        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
        out.println("欢迎进入Servlet");
    }
}

测试

Servlet对象只创建了一次

---

在Servlet中读取参数

设置参数

 <display-name>ServletDemo</display-name>
  <welcome-file-list>
     <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
     <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
     <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
     <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
     <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
     <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
  <!--设置全局参数 -->
  <context-param>
     <param-name>encoding</param-name>
     <param-value>GB18030</param-value>
  </context-param>

  <servlet>
     <servlet-name>InitServlet</servlet-name>
     <servlet-class>servlets.InitServlet</servlet-class>
     <!-- 设置局部参数 -->
     <init-param>
       <param-name>driverClassName</param-name>
       <param-value>com.serversql.jdbc.Driver</param-value>
     </init-param>
  </servlet>

  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>InitServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/servlets/InitServlet</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

获取参数

public class InitServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
        // 获取全局参数
        ServletContext application = this.getServletContext();
        String encoding = application.getInitParameter("encoding");
        System.out.println("encoding参数是：" + encoding);
        // 获取局部参数
        String driverClassName = this.getInitParameter("driverClassName");
        System.out.println("driverClassName的参数是：" + driverClassName);
    }
}

测试结果