linux 下mysql安装

一、MYSQL8.0安装

1、查看是否已安装mysql:

rpm -qa | grep mysql

删除已安装mysql

yum remove xxxx

查找mysql相关目录

find / -name mysql

删除相关目录

rm -rf  xxxx

2、下载官方msyql包

a）地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/

下载后拷贝/复制到linux,可以使用xftp软件进行操作。

或者复制链接在linux下载：

wget xxxxxx复制链接地址

b）安装mysql包

yum -y install mysql-xxxxxx

c）安装mysql服务

yum -y install mysql-community-server

d）启动mysql服务

systemctl start mysqld.service

如果错误可以尝试进行设置权限

chown mysql:mysql -R /var/lib/mysql

然后再一次尝试重启服务

e）查看运行状态

service mysqld status

3、查看初始化随机密码：

 cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password

4、安装mysql配置文件

mysql_secure_installation

a）在下方输入mysql随机密码

b）新建mysql密码和验证密码

5、跳过初始化随机密码：vi /etc/my.cnf

在mycnf文件下添加skip-grant-tables

6、修改初始化密码（高版本mysql）

密码尽量复杂些（大小写加符号）。

ALTER USER "root"@"localhost" IDENTIFIED BY "Mysqlabc_123";

密码修改成功。然后exit/quit退出数据库尝试用设置的密码登录。

二、MYSQL5.7安装

1、检查是否安装过mysql

        #>rpm -qa | grep mysql

        删除mysql

        #> rpm -e --nodeps mysql-libs-版本

2、mysql文件查找

       #>find / -name mysql

        #>whereis mysql

        查看创建MYSQL用户组和用户

        #> cat /etc/group | grep mysql

        #>cat /etc/passwd | grep mysql

        #>groupadd mysql

        #>useradd -r -g mysql mysql

3、下载mysql包

        #>wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

        解压mysql压缩包

        #> tar xzvf mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

4、解压移动文件到usr下

        #>mv mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

        创建data目录

        #>mkdir /usr/local/mysql/data

5、更改mysql目录下所有的目录及文件夹所属的用户组和用户，以及权限

        #>chown -R mysql:mysql /user/local/mysql

        #>chmod -R 775 /usr/local/mysql

6、编译安装并初始化mysql,记住初始化输出日志末尾的密码

        #>cd /usr/local/mysql/bin

        #>./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --basedir=/usr/local/mysql

7、启动mysql服务器

        #>/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start

        查询服务

        #>ps -ef | grep mysql

        #>ps -ef | grep mysqld

        结束进程

        #>kill -9 PID

8、添加软连接，并重新启动mysql服务

        #>ln -s /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql 

        #>ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin/mysql

        #>service mysql restart        

        mysql的my.cnf配置文件

        

                #dvice on how to change settings please see
                # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
                [client]
                default-character-set=utf8
                [mysql]
                default-character-set=utf8
                [mysqld]
                explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true
                # Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
                # cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
                # innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M

                # Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
                # changes to the binary log between backups.
                # log_bin

                # These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
                basedir = /usr/local/mysql
                datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
                # port = .....
                # server_id = .....
                # socket = .....
                character-set-server=utf8
                # Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
                # The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
                # Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
                # join_buffer_size = 128M
                # sort_buffer_size = 2M
                # read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M                  

       运行如有报错信息：

        例：warning: World-writable config file /etc/my.cnf is ignored

        修改：#>chmod 644 /etc/my.cnf

9、登录mysql密码为刚才的临时密码

        mysql -u root -p

        进入mysql后，执行任何指令都会报错，提示修改临时密码

        修改临时密码

        mysql>ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'mysql' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;

        刷新权限

        mysql>flush privileges;

10、开放远程连接

        mysql>use mysql;

        mysql>update user set user.Host='%' where user.User='root';

        mysql>flush privileges;

11、开机自启

        1、将服务文件拷贝到init.d下，并重命名为mysql

        #>cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

        2、赋予可执行权限

        #> chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld

        3、添加服务

         #> chkconfig --add mysqld