Java 6.16 DeepClone and ShallowClone

• 
• 浅克隆：复制对象的引用地址，导致克隆对象和原始对象共享引用类型字段的实际对象。
• 

• class Person implements Cloneable {
      String name;
      Address address;
      
      public Person(String name, Address address) {
          this.name = name;
          this.address = address;
      }
      
      @Override
      protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
          return super.clone();
      }
  }
  
  class Address {
      String city;
      
      public Address(String city) {
          this.city = city;
      }
  }
  
  public class Main {
      public static void main(String[] args) throws CloneNotSupportedException {
          Address address = new Address("New York");
          Person person1 = new Person("Alice", address);
          Person person2 = (Person) person1.clone();
          
          System.out.println(person1.name); // Alice
          System.out.println(person2.name); // Alice
          
          System.out.println(person1.address.city); // New York
          System.out.println(person2.address.city); // New York
          
          person2.address.city = "Los Angeles";
          
          System.out.println(person1.address.city); // Los Angeles (说明 address 引用被共享)
          System.out.println(person2.address.city); // Los Angeles
      }
  }

• 深克隆：复制引用类型字段所指向的实际对象，使得克隆对象和原始对象完全独立。
• 

• class Person implements Cloneable {
      String name;
      Address address;
      
      public Person(String name, Address address) {
          this.name = name;
          this.address = address;
      }
      
      @Override
      protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
          Person cloned = (Person) super.clone();
          cloned.address = (Address) address.clone(); // 深拷贝 address
          return cloned;
      }
  }
  
  class Address implements Cloneable {
      String city;
      
      public Address(String city) {
          this.city = city;
      }
      
      @Override
      protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
          return super.clone();
      }
  }
  
  public class Main {
      public static void main(String[] args) throws CloneNotSupportedException {
          Address address = new Address("New York");
          Person person1 = new Person("Alice", address);
          Person person2 = (Person) person1.clone();
          
          System.out.println(person1.name); // Alice
          System.out.println(person2.name); // Alice
          
          System.out.println(person1.address.city); // New York
          System.out.println(person2.address.city); // New York
          
          person2.address.city = "Los Angeles";
          
          System.out.println(person1.address.city); // New York (说明 address 引用被独立复制)
          System.out.println(person2.address.city); // Los Angeles
      }
  }