java 发送http请求【get、post、post(json数据)）】

一、发送Get请求

ublic static String sendGet(String url, String param) {
        PrintWriter out = null;
        BufferedReader in = null;
        String result = "";
        String reaUrl = url + "?" + param;
        try {
            URL realUrl = new URL(reaUrl);
            // 打开和URL之间的连接
            URLConnection connection = realUrl.openConnection();
            // 设置通用的请求属性
            connection.setRequestProperty("accept", "/*");
            connection.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");
            connection.setRequestProperty("user-agent", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1;SV1)");
            //建立真正的连接
            connection.connect();
            Map<String, List<String>> map = connection.getHeaderFields();
            for(String key : map.keySet()) {
                System.out.println("key -->" + map.get(key));
            }

            in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream()));
            String line = "";
            while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
                result += line + "\n";
            }
        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                if (in != null) {
                    in.close();
                }
                if (out != null) {
                    out.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        return result;
    }

二、发送post请求

public static String sendPost(String url, String string) {
        PrintWriter out = null;
        BufferedReader in = null;
        String result = "";
        try {
            URL realurl = new URL(url);
            // 打开和URL之间的连接
            URLConnection conn = realurl.openConnection();
            // 设置通用的请求属性
            conn.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");
            conn.setRequestProperty("connection", "KeepAlive");
            conn.setRequestProperty("user-agent", "Mozilla/4.0(compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1;SV1)");
            conn.setDoOutput(true);  //由于URLConnection在默认情况下不允许输出，所以在请求输出流之前必须将其设置为true，此时请求方式由get变为post
            conn.setDoInput(true);
            // 获取URLConnection对象对应的输出流
            out = new PrintWriter(conn.getOutputStream());
            // 发送请求参数
            out.print(string);
            // flush输出流的缓冲
            out.flush();
            // 定义BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应
            in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream()));
            String line;
            while((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
                result += line;
            }
        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                if(out != null) {
                    out.close();
                }
                if(in != null) {
                    in.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

三、通过post请求发送json数据

     /**
     * 参数json为json格式的字符串
     * @param urlStr
     * @param json
     * @return
     */
    public static String sendPostByJSON(String urlStr, String json) {
        OutputStreamWriter outputStreamWriter = null;
        BufferedReader bufferedReader = null;
        String response = "";

        try {
            URL url = new URL(urlStr);
            HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            connection.setDoInput(true);
            connection.setDoOutput(true);
            connection.setUseCaches(false);
            connection.setRequestMethod("POST");      //POST需大写
            connection.setRequestProperty("content-Type", "application/json");        //设置数据格式为json
            connection.setRequestProperty("charset", "utf-8");                        //设置编码格式为utf-8
            connection.connect();

            outputStreamWriter = new OutputStreamWriter(connection.getOutputStream());
            outputStreamWriter.append(json);
            outputStreamWriter.flush();

            bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream(), "utf-8"));
            String line = "";
            while((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
                response += line;
            }

        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                outputStreamWriter.close();
                bufferedReader.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return response;
    }

四、通过代理发送post请求

public static String sendPost(String url, String param,boolean isproxy) {
    OutputStreamWriter out = null;
    BufferedReader in = null;
    String result = "";
    try {
        URL realUrl = new URL(url);
        HttpURLConnection conn = null;
        if(isproxy){//使用代理模式
            @SuppressWarnings("static-access")
            Proxy proxy = new Proxy(Proxy.Type.DIRECT.HTTP, new InetSocketAddress(proxyHost, proxyPort));//proxyHost和proxyPort是代理服务器的地址和端口号
            conn = (HttpURLConnection) realUrl.openConnection(proxy);
        }else{
            conn = (HttpURLConnection) realUrl.openConnection();
        }
        // 打开和URL之间的连接

        // 发送POST请求必须设置如下两行
        conn.setDoOutput(true);
        conn.setDoInput(true);
        conn.setRequestMethod("POST");    // POST方法

        // 设置通用的请求属性
        conn.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");
        conn.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");
        conn.setRequestProperty("user-agent",
                "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1;SV1)");
        conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");

        conn.connect();

        // 获取URLConnection对象对应的输出流
        out = new OutputStreamWriter(conn.getOutputStream(), "UTF-8");
        // 发送请求参数
        out.write(param);
        // flush输出流的缓冲
        out.flush();
        // 定义BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应
        in = new BufferedReader(
                new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream()));
        String line;
        while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
            result += line;
        }
    } catch (Exception e) {
        System.out.println("发送 POST 请求出现异常！"+e);
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    //使用finally块来关闭输出流、输入流
    finally{
        try{
            if(out!=null){
                out.close();
            }
            if(in!=null){
                in.close();
            }
        }
        catch(IOException ex){
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    return result;
}