141. Linked List Cycle
题目:Given a linked list, determine if it has a cycle in it.
Follow up:
Can you solve it without using extra space?
分析:要确定一个链表中是否有环,设置两个指针,一个fast,一个慢slow,如果fast和slow相遇则证明有环。
代码:
/**
* Definition for singly-linked list.
* class ListNode {
* int val;
* ListNode next;
* ListNode(int x) {
* val = x;
* next = null;
* }
* }
*/
public class Solution {
public boolean hasCycle(ListNode head) {
ListNode fast = head;
ListNode slow = head;
while(fast!=null&&fast.next!=null){
fast = fast.next.next;
slow = slow.next;
if (fast==slow) return true;
}
return false;
}
}
题目:
Given a linked list, return the node where the cycle begins. If there is no cycle, return null
.
Note: Do not modify the linked list.
Follow up:
Can you solve it without using extra space?
分析:
当fast若与slow相遇时,slow肯定没有走遍历完链表,而fast已经在环内循环了n圈(1<=n)。假设slow走了s步,则fast走了2s步(fast步数还等于s 加上在环上多转的n圈),设环长为r,则:
2s = s + nr
s= nr
设整个链表长L,入口环与相遇点距离为x,起点到环入口点的距离为a。
a + x = nr
a + x = (n – 1)r +r = (n-1)r + L - a
a = (n-1)r + (L – a – x)
(L – a – x)为相遇点到环入口点的距离,由此可知,从链表头到环入口点等于(n-1)循环内环+相遇点到环入口点,于是我们从链表头、与相遇点分别设一个指针,每次各走一步,两个指针必定相遇,且相遇第一点为环入口点。
代码:
/**
* Definition for singly-linked list.
* class ListNode {
* int val;
* ListNode next;
* ListNode(int x) {
* val = x;
* next = null;
* }
* }
*/
public class Solution {
public ListNode detectCycle(ListNode head) {
ListNode fast = head;
ListNode slow = head;
while(fast!=null&&fast.next!=null){
fast = fast.next.next;
slow = slow.next;
if (fast==slow) break;
}
if((fast==null)||(fast.next==null)) return null;
slow = head;
while(slow != fast){
slow = slow.next;
fast = fast.next;
}
return slow;
}
}