Java 经典问题 生产者–消费者问题
现在有这样一个问题,生产者不停的生产馒头,消费者则不停的消费馒头,同时我们把生产的馒头存放到一个(篮子)即栈中。
有上面的描述,我可以抽出一下几个类。
ManTou 馒头类
StackBasket 篮子类(用于装馒头的类)
Producer 用于生产馒头的类
Consumer 用于消费馒头的类
ProducerAndConsumer 这个类为测试类
/**
* @author yikai
* 馒头类,就是一个实体类,就为每一个馒头设置一个id
*/
public class ManTou {
int id;
public ManTou(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
}
/**
* @author yikai
* 篮子类,设置为一个栈结构,因此里面设置一个push(压栈)方法和一个pop(出栈)方法
* 因为涉及到蓝子的大小,以及多线程修改馒头数量的问题,所以要加上synchronized
*/
public class StackBasket {
int index = 0;
ManTou manTous[] = new ManTou[5];
public synchronized void push(ManTou manTou) {
while (index == 5){ //为什么用while不用if判断呢?当线程被唤醒时还不去判断条件是否满足,如果是if的话就不会判断可能导致错误。
try {
this.wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
manTous[index] = manTou;
index++;
this.notify();
}
public synchronized ManTou pop() {
while (index == 0){
try {
this.wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
index--;
ManTou manTou = manTous[index];
this.notify();
return manTou;
}
}
/**
* @author yikai
* 生产者与消费者类似,将生产的馒头放入到篮子,所以需要一个篮子对象,然后调用篮子的
* push方法,具体如下
*/
public class Producer implements Runnable {
private StackBasket stackBasket;
public Producer(StackBasket stackBasket) {
this.stackBasket = stackBasket;
}
@Override
public void run() {
for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
ManTou manTou = new ManTou(i);
stackBasket.push(manTou);
System.out.println("producer: "+manTou.id);
try {
Thread.sleep(200);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
/**
* @author yikai
* 消费者就是从篮子里面不停的拿馒头,所以需要一个篮子对象,然后从篮子对象中取馒头
* 具体如下代码
*/
public class Consumer implements Runnable {
private StackBasket stackBasket;
public Consumer(StackBasket stackBasket){
this.stackBasket = stackBasket;
}
@Override
public void run() {
for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
ManTou manTou = stackBasket.pop();
System.out.println("consumer"+" "+manTou.id);
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
/**
* @author yikai
*/
public class ProducerAndConsumer {
public static void main(String[] arg) {
StackBasket stackBasket = new StackBasket();
Thread p = new Thread(new Producer(stackBasket));
Thread c = new Thread(new Consumer(stackBasket));
p.start();
c.start();
}
}