think in java笔记: java.util.concurrent.CyclicBarrier

示例程序:

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.concurrent.BrokenBarrierException;
import java.util.concurrent.CyclicBarrier;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

class Horse implements Runnable {
    private static int counter = 0;
    private final int id = counter++;
    private int strides = 0;
    private static Random rand = new Random(47);
    private static CyclicBarrier barrier;
    public Horse(CyclicBarrier b) {
        this.barrier = b;
    }
    public synchronized int getStrides() {
        return strides;
    }
    public void run() {
        try {
            //这里使用循环，horse一直跑
            while(!Thread.interrupted()) {
                synchronized(this) {
                    strides += rand.nextInt(3); //Produce 0, 1 and 2
                }
                barrier.await();
            }
        } catch(InterruptedException | BrokenBarrierException e) {
            // A legitimate way to exit
            System.out.println(e);
        } 
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Horse " + id + " ";
    }
    public String tracks() {
        StringBuilder s = new StringBuilder();
        for(int i = 0; i < getStrides(); i++)
            s.append("*");
        s.append(id);
        return s.toString();
    }
}

/**
 * Using CyclicBarriers 
 * @author sut
 * @version $Revision:$
 */
public class HorseRace {
    static final int FINISH_LINE = 75;
    private List<Horse> horses = new ArrayList<Horse>();
    private ExecutorService exec = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
    private CyclicBarrier barrier;
    public HorseRace(int nHorses, final int pause) {
        //new Runnable()每次到达await()完毕之后，就执行
        barrier = new CyclicBarrier(nHorses, new Runnable(){
            public void run() {
                StringBuilder s = new StringBuilder();
                for(int i = 0; i < FINISH_LINE; i++)
                    s.append("="); // The fence on the racetrack
                System.out.println(s);
                for(Horse horse : horses)
                    System.out.println(horse.tracks());
                for(Horse horse : horses)
                    if(horse.getStrides() >= FINISH_LINE) {
                        System.out.println(horse + "won!");
                        exec.shutdownNow();
                        return;
                    }
                try {
                    //睡眠时间
                    TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(pause);
                } catch(InterruptedException e) {
                    System.out.println("barrier-action sleep interrupted");
                }
            }

        });
        for(int i = 0; i < nHorses; i++){
            Horse horse = new Horse(barrier);
            horses.add(horse);
            exec.execute(horse);
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int nHorses = 7;
        int pause = 200;
        if(args.length > 0){ //optional argument
            int n = new Integer(args[0]);
            nHorses = n > 0 ? n : nHorses;
        }
        if(args.length > 1){
            int p = new Integer(args[1]);
            pause = p > -1 ? p : pause;
        }
        new HorseRace(nHorses, pause);
    }

}