第五章 数组
1. 动态创建数组时,不能进行初始化,但却可以用值初始化() 要求编译器把内置类型初始化为0
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int * pia2 = new int [ 10 ](); // ok: array of 10 initialized ints with value 0
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delete [] pia1 ;
2. 指针的初始化和赋值:
指针的初始化或赋值只能是下面四种:
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1 )0 常量表达式;
2 )类型匹配的对象的地址;
3 )另一对象末的下一个地址;
4 )同一类型的另一个有效指针。
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这里需要举一个例子:
typedef string* pstring;
const pstring cstr;
请问 cstr 是什么类型?
这是一个很容易答错的问题。实质上cstr 是一个string* 类型的const 变量,即上面的定义相当于
string* const cstr;
因为声明const pstring cstr; 时,const 修饰的是pstring 的类型,而不是修饰string 类型。
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第六章 表达式
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1. sizeof 操作符 的作用是返回对象或类型名的长度,返回值的类型为size_t ,长度的单位是字节。sizeof 表达式的结果是编译时常量,具有三种形式:
sizeof (type name);
sizeof (expr);
sizeof expr;
2.new和delete
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当删除指针所指对象后,该指针就变为所谓的悬垂指针,其指向了一个已经被删除的对象的位置。
建议:当删除了指针所指对象后,应当立即将指针置0 。