set和map集合保存到数据库是无序的,但我们查询的时候希望带顺序查询,不是默认顺序,这就涉及查询排序问题。
有两种查询排序:内存排序及数据库排序
1、数据库排序使用order-by=“name asc”
对于map举例:
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
public class Team
{
private String id;
private String teamName;
private Map students = new HashMap();
public String getId()
{
return id;
}
public void setId(String id)
{
this.id = id;
}
public String getTeamName()
{
return teamName;
}
public void setTeamName(String teamName)
{
this.teamName = teamName;
}
public Map getStudents()
{
return students;
}
public void setStudents(Map students)
{
this.students = students;
}
}
对应的hbm.xml映射文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.cdtax.hibernate.Team" table="team">
<id name="id" column="id" type="string">
<generator class="uuid">
</generator>
</id>
<property name="teamName" column="teamname" type="string"></property>
<map name="students" table="student" order-by="name asc"><!-- name是数据库字段 -->
<key column="team_id"></key>
<index column="name" type="java.lang.String"></index><!-- 指定Map中的key值 -->
<element column="description" type="java.lang.String"></element><!-- 指定Map中的value值 -->
</map>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
一定要注意,这里的name是数据库字段的名字,而不是对象的成员变量名字。在进行sql查询时,会使用order by字句。
插入一些数据:
try
{
tx = session.beginTransaction();
Team team = new Team();
team.setTeamName("team 2");
Map map = team.getStudents();
map.put("lisi", "hello");
map.put("zhangsan", "world");
map.put("wangwu", "wangwu");
map.put("eerr", "erere");
session.save(team);
tx.commit();
}
插入数据库的数据student表:
team_id | description | name |
---|---|---|
402881c0424612810142461282370001 | erere | eerr |
402881c0424612810142461282370001 | hello | lisi |
402881c0424612810142461282370001 | wangwu | wangwu |
402881c0424612810142461282370001 | world | zhangsan |
查询:
try
{
tx = session.beginTransaction();
Team team = (Team)session.createQuery("from Team t where t.teamName='team 2'").uniqueResult();
Map map = team.getStudents();
Collection col = map.values();
Iterator iter = col.iterator();
while(iter.hasNext())
{
System.out.println(iter.next());
}
tx.commit();
}
执行结果:
Hibernate: select team0_.id as id0_, team0_.teamname as teamname0_ from team team0_ where team0_.teamname='team 2'
Hibernate: select students0_.team_id as team1_0_, students0_.description as descript2_0_, students0_.name as name0_ from student students0_ where students0_.team_id=? order by students0_.name asc
erere
hello
wangwu
world
注意:这里打印的结果是字段description,我们将order-by改为name desc:
执行结果:
Hibernate: select team0_.id as id0_, team0_.teamname as teamname0_ from team team0_ where team0_.teamname='team 2'
Hibernate: select students0_.team_id as team1_0_, students0_.description as descript2_0_, students0_.name as name0_ from student students0_ where students0_.team_id=? order by students0_.name desc
world
wangwu
hello
erere
对于set举例:
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
public class Team
{
private String id;
private String teamName;
private Set students = new HashSet();
public String getId()
{
return id;
}
public void setId(String id)
{
this.id = id;
}
public String getTeamName()
{
return teamName;
}
public void setTeamName(String teamName)
{
this.teamName = teamName;
}
public Set getStudents()
{
return students;
}
public void setStudents(Set students)
{
this.students = students;
}
}
对应的映射文件、:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.cdtax.hibernate.Team" table="team">
<id name="id" column="id" type="string">
<generator class="uuid">
</generator>
</id>
<property name="teamName" column="teamname" type="string"></property>
<set name="students" table="student" order-by="name asc">
<key column="team_id"></key>
<element column="name" type="string"></element>
</set>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
插入测试数据:
try
{
tx = session.beginTransaction();
Team team = new Team();
team.setTeamName("team1");
team.getStudents().add("zhangsan");
team.getStudents().add("lisi");
team.getStudents().add("wangwu");
session.save(team);
tx.commit();
}
查询:
Hibernate: select team0_.id as id0_0_, team0_.teamname as teamname0_0_ from team team0_ where team0_.id=?
Hibernate: select students0_.team_id as team1_0_, students0_.name as name0_ from student students0_ where students0_.team_id=? order by students0_.name asc
lisi
wangwu
zhangsan
是有顺序的
如果将Team.hbm.xml的set修改一下,去掉order-by
<set name="students" table="student">
<key column="team_id"></key>
<element column="name" type="string"></element>
</set>
执行结果:
Hibernate: select team0_.id as id0_0_, team0_.teamname as teamname0_0_ from team team0_ where team0_.id=?
Hibernate: select students0_.team_id as team1_0_, students0_.name as name0_ from student students0_ where students0_.team_id=?
wangwu
lisi
zhangsan
2、内存排序使用sort属性
同上面的位置是一样的,就是order-by改为sort="" sort的属性值有三个:unsorted,不排序;natural,自然排序;第三个属性值是我们自己定义的排序规则类(Comparator接口)。
举例:将上例中Team.hbm.xml修改为:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.cdtax.hibernate.Team" table="team">
<id name="id" column="id" type="string">
<generator class="uuid">
</generator>
</id>
<property name="teamName" column="teamname" type="string"></property>
<set name="students" table="student" sort="unsorted">
<key column="team_id"></key>
<element column="name" type="string"></element>
</set>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
执行结果:
Hibernate: select team0_.id as id0_0_, team0_.teamname as teamname0_0_ from team team0_ where team0_.id=?
Hibernate: select students0_.team_id as team1_0_, students0_.name as name0_ from student students0_ where students0_.team_id=?
wangwu
lisi
zhangsan
改为
sort="natural"
执行结果:
Hibernate: select team0_.id as id0_0_, team0_.teamname as teamname0_0_ from team team0_ where team0_.id=?
Hibernate: select students0_.team_id as team1_0_, students0_.name as name0_ from student students0_ where students0_.team_id=?
lisi
wangwu
zhangsan
可以看到按照字符的升序排列,而且sql查询语句也没有使用order by,这是查询出来后,在没有组装到对象前,由hibernate排序。
内存排序,我们自定义排序规则,方式是定义一个类,让其实现Comparator接口,并且实现该接口中的compare方法,在该方法中实现排序规则即可。然后将该自定义排序规则的类名作为sort的属性值即可。
测试:
import java.util.Set;
public class Team
{
private String id;
private String name;
private Set<Student> students;
public String getId()
{
return id;
}
public void setId(String id)
{
this.id = id;
}
public String getName()
{
return name;
}
public void setName(String name)
{
this.name = name;
}
public Set<Student> getStudents()
{
return students;
}
public void setStudents(Set<Student> students)
{
this.students = students;
}
}
public class Student
{
private String id;
private String name;
private String cardId;
private int age;
public String getCardId()
{
return cardId;
}
public void setCardId(String cardId)
{
this.cardId = cardId;
}
public int getAge()
{
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age)
{
this.age = age;
}
private Team team;
public Team getTeam()
{
return team;
}
public void setTeam(Team team)
{
this.team = team;
}
public String getId()
{
return id;
}
public void setId(String id)
{
this.id = id;
}
public String getName()
{
return name;
}
public void setName(String name)
{
this.name = name;
}
}
对应的映射文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.cdtax.hibernate.Team" table="team">
<id name="id" column="id" type="string">
<generator class="uuid">
</generator>
</id>
<property name="name" column="name" type="string"></property>
<set name="students" lazy="false" cascade="all" inverse="true" fetch="select" sort="com.cdtax.hibernate.MyComparator">
<key column="team_id"></key>
<one-to-many class="com.cdtax.hibernate.Student"/>
</set>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
注意sort的值为我们自定义的比较器类
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.cdtax.hibernate.Student" table="student">
<id name="id" column="id" type="string">
<generator class="uuid"></generator>
</id>
<property name="name" column="name" type="string"></property>
<property name="cardId" column="cardid" type="string"></property>
<property name="age" column="age" type="integer"></property>
<many-to-one name="team" class="com.cdtax.hibernate.Team" column="team_id" fetch="select" cascade="all"></many-to-one>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
我们的比较器:
import java.util.Comparator;
public class MyComparator implements Comparator<Student>
{
@Override
public int compare(Student o1, Student o2)
{
if(o1 == o2)
{
return 0;
}
int result = o1.getCardId().compareTo(o2.getCardId());
if(result != 0)
{
return result;
}
return o1.getName().compareTo(o2.getName());
}
}
测试程序:
try
{
tx = session.beginTransaction();
Team team1 = (Team)session.get(Team.class,"402881c04246244c014246244d920001");
Set<Student> set = team1.getStudents();
for(Iterator<Student> iter = set.iterator();iter.hasNext();)
{
System.out.println(iter.next().getName());
}
tx.commit();
}
id | name | team_id | cardid | age |
---|---|---|---|---|
402881c04246244c014246244d920003 | lisi | 402881c04246244c014246244d920001 | aa | 7 |
402881c04246244c014246244d920012 | zhang | 402881c04246244c014246244d920001 | bc | 9 |
402881c04246244c014246244d920013 | wang | 402881c04246244c014246244d920001 | cs | 54 |
402881c04246244c014246244d920015 | zliu | 402881c04246244c014246244d920001 | cs | 32 |
402881c04246244c014246244d920016 | aaaaa | 402881c04246244c014246244d920001 | aa | 32 |
执行结果
Hibernate: select team0_.id as id1_0_, team0_.name as name1_0_ from team team0_ where team0_.id=?
Hibernate: select students0_.team_id as team5_1_, students0_.id as id1_, students0_.id as id0_0_, students0_.name as name0_0_, students0_.cardid as cardid0_0_, students0_.age as age0_0_, students0_.team_id as team5_0_0_ from student students0_ where students0_.team_id=?
aaaaa
lisi
zhang
wang
zliu
如果我们需要相反的顺序,修改比较器类:
import java.util.Comparator;
public class MyComparator implements Comparator<Student>
{
@Override
public int compare(Student o1, Student o2)
{
if(o1 == o2)
{
return 0;
}
int result = o1.getCardId().compareTo(o2.getCardId());
if(result != 0)
{
return -result;
}
return -o1.getName().compareTo(o2.getName());
}
}
执行结果:
Hibernate: select team0_.id as id1_0_, team0_.name as name1_0_ from team team0_ where team0_.id=?
Hibernate: select students0_.team_id as team5_1_, students0_.id as id1_, students0_.id as id0_0_, students0_.name as name0_0_, students0_.cardid as cardid0_0_, students0_.age as age0_0_, students0_.team_id as team5_0_0_ from student students0_ where students0_.team_id=?
zliu
wang
zhang
lisi
aaaaa