There is an explaination about pairwise testing Here.
Actually, the testcases designed with pairwise can be different. I do not won't to explain the algorithm behind how to get a pairwise test cases. I just give an example on how to get all the sets of test cases.
Give we have 3 fields with values:
Field 1 | Field 2 | Field3 |
1 | a | A |
2 | b | B |
3 | c | C |
If we use 2 as the factor. Then below are 3 sets of testcases we can get:
Field1 | Field2 | Field3 |
1 | a | A |
1 | b | B |
1 | c | C |
2 | a | C |
2 | b | B |
2 | c | A |
3 | a | B |
3 | b | C |
3 | c | A |
Field1 | Field2 | Field3 |
3 | a | A |
1 | b | A |
2 | c | A |
2 | a | B |
3 | b | B |
1 | c | B |
1 | a | C |
2 | b | C |
3 | c | C |
Field1 | Field2 | Field3 |
2 | a | A |
1 | a | B |
3 | a | C |
3 | b | C |
2 | b | B |
1 | b | A |
1 | c | B |
3 | c | C |
2 | c | A |
These 3 sets of test cases have the same test coverage. They are equal in test effect if we do not consider the weight.
If we union all these 3 sets of cases, then we get the full coverage of the test.