C Prime Plus中文第六版编程题——第九章练习

1.设计一个函数min(x, y)，返回两个double类型值的较小值。在一个简单 的驱动程序中测试该函数。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
double min(double x,double y);
int main()
{
    double a,b;
     printf("Input:\n");
     scanf("%lf %lf",&a,&b);
     printf("The small one is %lf",min(a,b));
    return 0;
}
double min(double x,double y){
    double small;
    if(x>y)
      small=y;
      else
      small=x;
    return small;
}

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2.设计一个函数chline(ch, i, j)，打印指定的字符j行i列。在一个简单的驱动程序中测试该函数。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
void chline(char ch,int row,int column);
int main()
{
    char ch;
    int row,  column;
 printf("Please enter the character, row and column:\n");
 scanf("%c %d %d",&ch,&row,&column);
      chline(ch,row,column);
 return 0;
}
void chline(char ch,int row,int column){
    for(int i=0;i<row;i++)
     {
         for(int j=0;j<column;j++)
            { putchar(ch);}
            printf("\n");
      }
                                         }

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3.编写一个函数，接受3个参数：一个字符和两个整数。字符参数是待打印的字符，第1个整数指定一行中打印字符的次数，第2个整数指定打印指定字符的行数。编写一个调用该函数的程序。

同第三题

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4.两数的调和平均数这样计算：先得到两数的倒数，然后计算两个倒数 的平均值，最后取计算结果的倒数。编写一个函数，接受两个double类型的 参数，返回这两个参数的调和平均数。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
float harmonic(float a,float b);
int main()
{
    float a,b;
    printf("Enter two numbers:\n");
    scanf("%f %f",&a,&b);
    printf("The harmonic mean is %f",harmonic(a,b));
    return 0;
}
float harmonic(float a,float b){
    float mean;
    mean=2/(1/a+1/b);
    return mean;
}

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5…编写并测试一个函数larger_of()，该函数把两个double类型变量的值替 换为较大的值。例如，larger_of(x, y)会把x和y中较大的值重新赋给两个变量。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
void large_of(double * x,double * y);
int main()
{
    double x,y;
    printf("Enter two number:\n");
    scanf("%lf %lf",&x,&y);
    printf("Originally, x=%lf, y=%lf\n",x,y);
    large_of(&x,&y);
    printf("Now, x=%lf, y=%lf\n",x,y);
    
    return 0;
}
void large_of(double * x,double * y){
    double back;
     if(*x>*y)
      *y=*x;
      else
      *x=*y;
}

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6.编写并测试一个函数，该函数以3个double变量的地址作为参数，把最 小值放入第1个函数，中间值放入第2个变量，最大值放入第3个变量。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
void pointe(double*x3, double*x2, double*x1);
int main()
{
    double a,b,c;
    printf("input:");
    scanf("%lf %lf %lf",&a,&b,&c);
    printf("Originally a=%.2lf b=%.2lf c=%.2lf\n",a,b,c);
    pointe(&a,&b,&c);
    printf("    Now    a=%.2lf b=%.2lf c=%.2lf\n",a,b,c);
    return 0;
}
void pointe(double*x3, double*x2, double*x1)
{
   double temp;
   if(*x3>*x2){temp=*x3;*x3=*x2;*x2=temp;}
   if(*x3>*x1){temp=*x1;*x1=*x3;*x3=temp;}
   if(*x2>*x1){temp=*x2;*x2=*x1;*x1=temp;}   
}

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7.编写一个函数，从标准输入中读取字符，直到遇到文件结尾。程序要报告每个字符是否是字母。如果是，还要报告该字母在字母表中的数值位置。例如，c和C在字母表中的位置都是3。合并一个函数，以一个字符作为 参数，如果该字符是一个字母则返回一个数值位置，否则返回-1。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int return_value(char ch);
int show_position(char ch);
int main()
{
     char charac;
    printf("Please enter a character:\n");
  
    while(  ( charac=getchar() ) !=EOF)
    { 
       while ( charac=='\n'||charac==' ')
     charac=getchar();
        if (charac==EOF) break;
   
          
        show_position(charac);}
    
        printf("Done!\n");
    return 0;
}
int return_value(char ch){
    if(ch>=65&&ch<=90)
      return ch-64;
      else if(ch>=97&&ch<=122)
       return ch-96;
       else
       return -1;
    
}
int show_position(char ch){
     int flag;
     flag=return_value(ch);
      if (  flag==-1   )
      printf("%c is not a letter\n",ch);
      else printf("%c is the %d th letter in alphabet\n",ch,flag);
      
}

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8.第6章的程序清单6.20中，power()函数返回一个double类型数的正整数次幂。改进该函数，使其能正确计算负幂。另外，函数要处理0的任何次幂都为0，任何数的0次幂都为1（函数应报告0的0次幂未定义，因此把该值处理为1）。要使用一个循环，并在程序中测试该函数。

// power.c -- raises numbers to integer powers
#include <stdio.h>
double power(double n, int p); // ANSI prototype
int main(void)
{
    double x, xpow;
    int exp;
    
    printf("Enter a number and the positive integer power");
    printf(" to which\nthe number will be raised. Enter q");
    printf(" to quit.\n");
    while (scanf("%lf%d", &x, &exp) == 2)
    {
        xpow = power(x,exp);   // function call
        printf("%.3g to the power %d is %.5g\n", x, exp, xpow);
        printf("Enter next pair of numbers or q to quit.\n");
    }
    printf("Hope you enjoyed this power trip -- bye!\n");
    
    return 0;
}

double power(double n, int p)  // function definition
{
    double pow = 1;
    int i;
 if(p>0)
    {for (i = 1; i <= p; i++)
        pow *= n;
     return pow;   }   
   
 else if(p<0){
        for (i = 1; i <= (-1*p); i++)
        pow *= n;
        return 1/pow;
               }
 else //p=0 
 {
         if(n==0)
       printf("The 0 power of 0 is not defined\n");
      
       
          return 1;    
            
                  }

}

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9.使用递归函数重写编程练习8。.

// power.c -- raises numbers to integer powers
#include <stdio.h>
double power(double n, int p); // ANSI prototype
int main(void)
{
    double x, xpow;
    int exp;
    
    printf("Enter a number and the positive integer power");
    printf(" to which\nthe number will be raised. Enter q");
    printf(" to quit.\n");
    while (scanf("%lf%d", &x, &exp) == 2)
    {
        xpow = power(x,exp);   // function call
        printf("%.3g to the power %d is %.5g\n", x, exp, xpow);
        printf("Enter next pair of numbers or q to quit.\n");
    }
    printf("Hope you enjoyed this power trip -- bye!\n");
    
    return 0;
}

double power(double n, int p)  // function definition
{
 if(0==n)
 {
      if(0==p){
          printf("the value of 0^0 is not defined\n");
         return 1;
      }
      return 0;
 }
 else 
    {
        if(p>0)
         {return n*power(n,p-1);}
         else if (p<0)
        { return 1/n*power(n,p+1);}
         else
         return 1;
    }
       
 

}

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10.为了让程序清单9.8中的to_binary()函数更通用，编写一个to_base_n() 函数接受两个在2～10范围内的参数，然后以第2个参数中指定的进制打印第 1个参数的数值。例如，to_base_n(129， 8)显示的结果为201，也就是129的 八进制数。在一个完整的程序中测试该函数。

/* binary.c -- prints integer in binary form */
#include <stdio.h>
void to_binary_n(unsigned long n,int radix);

int main(void)
{
    unsigned long number;
    int radix;
    printf("Enter an integer and radix (q to quit):\n");
    while (scanf("%lu %d", &number,&radix) == 2)
    { 
        if(radix>10 ||radix<2)
         {
             printf("Please select the radix from 2 to 10\n");
                 printf("Enter an integer and radix (q to quit):\n");
             continue;
         }
        printf(" radix %d equivalent: ",radix);
        to_binary_n(number,radix);
        putchar('\n');
           printf("Enter an integer and radix (q to quit):\n");
    }
    printf("Done.\n");
    
    return 0;
}

void to_binary_n(unsigned long n,int radix)   /* recursive function */
{
    int r;
    
    r = n % radix;
    if (n >= radix)
        to_binary_n(n/radix,radix);
    printf("%d",r);
    
    return;
}

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11.编写并测试Fibonacci()函数，该函数用循环代替递归计算斐波那契数

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
unsigned long Fibonacci(unsigned n);
int main()
{
    int n;
    printf("Please enter:\n");
    while( scanf("%d",&n)==1){
        printf("The %d th term in Fibonacci() is %ld\n",n,Fibonacci(n));
           printf("Please enter:\n");
    }
    printf("Done!");
    return 0;
}
unsigned long Fibonacci(unsigned n){
    unsigned long pre_n,state_n;
    unsigned long temp;
     if(n>2)
    { pre_n=1;
     state_n=1;
     for(int i=2;i<n;i++){
               temp=state_n;
               state_n+=pre_n;
               pre_n=temp;} 
               return state_n;}
              
     else
     return 1;
}