========DHCP服务器========
功能:自动为客户端分配IP、掩码、网关、DNS...
软件包:dhcp
配置文件: RHEL5: /etc/dhcpd.conf
RHEL6: /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
租约文件:
端口: 67/udp协议
[root@station115 ~]# yum -y install dhcp
=== 为一个单一的网段提供地址服务===
[root@station115 ~]# cp /usr/share/doc/dhcp*/dhcpd.conf.sample /etc/dhcpd.conf
cp:是否覆盖“/etc/dhcpd.conf”? y 法一
方法二
编辑vim /etc/hdcpd.conf
在命令行模式下 : r /usr/share/doc/dhcp*/dhcpd.conf.sample 这个是从后面这个路径读到/etc/hdcpd.conf这里
在/etc/hdcpd.conf里
ddns-update-style interim;
ignore client-updates;
subnet 192.168.2.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
option routers 192.168.2.1; //这是默认网关
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0; // 子网掩码
option domain-name-servers 202.106.0.20,8.8.8.8; //DNS解析,中间“,”隔开的
range dynamic-bootp 192.168.2.10 192.168.2.220; // IP地址范围,中间用“空格'表示这个区间段
default-lease-time 21600; //这个和下面的是租约的期限
max-lease-time 43200;
}
[root@dhcp-server ~]# service dhcpd start //启动这个服务
DHCP语法检查工具:dhcpd
错误1: Not configured to listen on any interfaces!
网卡网段必须和DHCP分配的网段匹配
[root@dhcp-server ~]# service dhcpd start
[root@dhcp-server ~]# chkconfig dhcpd on
=== 为多个网段提供地址服务====
服务器是192.168.2.100.0网段,其他三个网段是192.168.1.0 \192.168.2.0 \192.168.3.0
需要在/etc/dhcpd.conf里这样写:
ddns-update-style interim;
ignore client-updates;
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
option domain-name-servers 202.106.0.20,8.8.8.8;
default-lease-time 21600;
max-lease-time 43200;
//上面这部分都应该有,就写在最上方,共用
#vlan100
subnet 192.168.100.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
}
#vlan1
subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
option routers 192.168.1.1;
range dynamic-bootp 192.168.1.10 192.168.1.220;
}
#vlan2
subnet 192.168.2.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
option routers 192.168.2.1;
range dynamic-bootp 192.168.2.10 192.168.2.220;
}
==================================
DHCP服务器单点故障解决:
两台dhcp服务器分配范围分开
DHCP A : 3.1--3.120
DHCP B : 3.121--3.250
===============================
三层交换的中继代理,不同端口下的vlan 中继指向DHCP服务器
==================================
tcpdump抓包
#tcpdump -i eth0 -nn host 192.168.2.7 (-i 指定接口,-nn 第一个n代表不解析主机名,第二个代表不反解析 服务名和端口)
#tcpdump -i eth0 -nn port 21
#tcpdump -i eth0 -nn host 192.168.2.7 and port 21
#tcpdump -i eth0 icmp
#tcpdump -i eth0 arp
#tcpdump -i eth0 -nn host 192.168.2.7 and icmp -w test.tcpdump
#wireshark test.tcpdump
功能:自动为客户端分配IP、掩码、网关、DNS...
软件包:dhcp
配置文件: RHEL5: /etc/dhcpd.conf
RHEL6: /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
租约文件:
端口: 67/udp协议
[root@station115 ~]# yum -y install dhcp
=== 为一个单一的网段提供地址服务===
[root@station115 ~]# cp /usr/share/doc/dhcp*/dhcpd.conf.sample /etc/dhcpd.conf
cp:是否覆盖“/etc/dhcpd.conf”? y 法一
方法二
编辑vim /etc/hdcpd.conf
在命令行模式下 : r /usr/share/doc/dhcp*/dhcpd.conf.sample 这个是从后面这个路径读到/etc/hdcpd.conf这里
在/etc/hdcpd.conf里
ddns-update-style interim;
ignore client-updates;
subnet 192.168.2.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
option routers 192.168.2.1; //这是默认网关
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0; // 子网掩码
option domain-name-servers 202.106.0.20,8.8.8.8; //DNS解析,中间“,”隔开的
range dynamic-bootp 192.168.2.10 192.168.2.220; // IP地址范围,中间用“空格'表示这个区间段
default-lease-time 21600; //这个和下面的是租约的期限
max-lease-time 43200;
}
[root@dhcp-server ~]# service dhcpd start //启动这个服务
DHCP语法检查工具:dhcpd
错误1: Not configured to listen on any interfaces!
网卡网段必须和DHCP分配的网段匹配
[root@dhcp-server ~]# service dhcpd start
[root@dhcp-server ~]# chkconfig dhcpd on
=== 为多个网段提供地址服务====
服务器是192.168.2.100.0网段,其他三个网段是192.168.1.0 \192.168.2.0 \192.168.3.0
需要在/etc/dhcpd.conf里这样写:
ddns-update-style interim;
ignore client-updates;
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
option domain-name-servers 202.106.0.20,8.8.8.8;
default-lease-time 21600;
max-lease-time 43200;
//上面这部分都应该有,就写在最上方,共用
#vlan100
subnet 192.168.100.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
}
#vlan1
subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
option routers 192.168.1.1;
range dynamic-bootp 192.168.1.10 192.168.1.220;
}
#vlan2
subnet 192.168.2.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
option routers 192.168.2.1;
range dynamic-bootp 192.168.2.10 192.168.2.220;
}
==================================
DHCP服务器单点故障解决:
两台dhcp服务器分配范围分开
DHCP A : 3.1--3.120
DHCP B : 3.121--3.250
===============================
三层交换的中继代理,不同端口下的vlan 中继指向DHCP服务器
==================================
tcpdump抓包
#tcpdump -i eth0 -nn host 192.168.2.7 (-i 指定接口,-nn 第一个n代表不解析主机名,第二个代表不反解析 服务名和端口)
#tcpdump -i eth0 -nn port 21
#tcpdump -i eth0 -nn host 192.168.2.7 and port 21
#tcpdump -i eth0 icmp
#tcpdump -i eth0 arp
#tcpdump -i eth0 -nn host 192.168.2.7 and icmp -w test.tcpdump
#wireshark test.tcpdump