VC开发小技巧20个

一、打开CD-ROM
        mciSendString("Set cdAudio door open wait",NULL,0,NULL);
二、关闭CD_ROM 
        mciSendString("Set cdAudio door closed wait",NULL,0,NULL);
三、关闭计算机 
        OSVERSIONINFO OsVersionInfo; //包含操作系统版本信息的数据结构 
        OsVersionInfo.dwOSVersionInfoSize = sizeof(OSVERSIONINFO); 
        GetVersionEx(&OsVersionInfo); //获取操作系统版本信息 
        if(OsVersionInfo.dwPlatformId == VER_PLATFORM_WIN32_WINDOWS) 
        { 
                //Windows98,调用ExitWindowsEx()函数重新启动计算机 
                DWORD dwReserved; 
                ExitWindowsEx(EWX_REBOOT,dwReserved); //可以改变第一个参数，实现注销用户、 
                //关机、关闭电源等操作 
                // 退出前的一些处理程序 
        }
四、重启计算机 
        typedef int (CALLBACK *SHUTDOWNDLG)(int); //显示关机对话框函数的指针 
        HINSTANCE hInst = LoadLibrary("shell32.dll"); //装入shell32.dll 
        SHUTDOWNDLG ShutDownDialog; //指向shell32.dll库中显示关机对话框函数的指针 
        if(hInst != NULL) 
        { 
                //获得函数的地址并调用之 
                ShutDownDialog = (SHUTDOWNDLG)GetProcAddress(hInst,(LPSTR)60); 
                (*ShutDownDialog)(0); 
        }
五、枚举所有字体 
        LOGFONT lf; 
        lf.lfCharSet = DEFAULT_CHARSET; // Initialize the LOGFONT structure 
        strcpy(lf.lfFaceName,""); 
        CClientDC dc (this); 
        // Enumerate the font families 
        ::EnumFontFamiliesEx((HDC) dc,&lf, (FONTENUMPROC) EnumFontFamProc,(LPARAM) this,0); 
        //枚举函数 
        int CALLBACK EnumFontFamProc(LPENUMLOGFONT lpelf, LPNEWTEXTMETRIC lpntm,DWORD nFontType,long lparam) 
        { 
                // Create a pointer to the dialog window 
                CDay7Dlg* pWnd = (CDay7Dlg*) lparam; 
                // add the font name to the list box 
                pWnd ->m_ctlFontList.AddString(lpelf ->elfLogFont.lfFaceName); 
                // Return 1 to continue font enumeration 
                return 1; 
        } 
        其中m_ctlFontList是一个列表控件变量
六、一次只运行一个程序实例，如果已运行则退出 
        if( FindWindow(NULL,"程序标题")) exit(0);
七、得到当前鼠标所在位置 
        CPoint pt; 
        GetCursorPos(&pt); //得到位置
八、上下文菜单事件触发事件：OnContextMenu事件
九、显示和隐藏程序菜单 
        CWnd *pWnd=AfxGetMainWnd(); 
        if(b_m) //隐藏菜单 
        { 
                pWnd->SetMenu(NULL); 
                pWnd->DrawMenuBar(); 
                b_m=false; 
        } 
        else 
        { 
                CMenu menu; 
                menu.LoadMenu(IDR_MAINFRAME); 显示菜单 也可改变菜单项 
                pWnd->SetMenu(&menu); 
                pWnd->DrawMenuBar(); 
                b_m=true; 
                menu.Detach(); 
        }
十、获取可执行文件的图标 
        HICON hIcon=::ExtractIcon(AfxGetInstanceHandle(),_T("NotePad.exe"),0); 
        if (hIcon &&hIcon!=(HICON)-1) 
        { 
                pDC->DrawIcon(10,10,hIcon); 
        } 
        DestroyIcon(hIcon);
十一、窗口自动靠边程序演示 
        BOOL AdjustPos(CRect* lpRect) 
        {//自动靠边 
                int iSX=GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXFULLSCREEN); 
                int iSY=GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYFULLSCREEN); 
                RECT rWorkArea; 
                BOOL bResult = SystemParametersInfo(SPI_GETWORKAREA, sizeof(RECT), &rWorkArea, 0); 
                CRect rcWA; 
                if(!bResult) 
                {//如果调用不成功就利用GetSystemMetrics获取屏幕面积 
                        rcWA=CRect(0,0,iSX,iSY); 
                } 
                else 
                rcWA=rWorkArea; 
                int iX=lpRect->left; 
                int iY=lpRect->top; 
                if(iX < rcWA.left + DETASTEP && iX!=rcWA.left) 
                {//调整左 
                        //pWnd->SetWindowPos(NULL,rcWA.left,iY,0,0,SWP_NOSIZE); 
                        lpRect->OffsetRect(rcWA.left-iX,0); 
                        AdjustPos(lpRect); 
                        return TRUE; 
                } 
                if(iY < rcWA.top + DETASTEP && iY!=rcWA.top) 
                {//调整上 
                        //pWnd->SetWindowPos(NULL ,iX,rcWA.top,0,0,SWP_NOSIZE); 
                        lpRect->OffsetRect(0,rcWA.top-iY); 
                        AdjustPos(lpRect); 
                        return TRUE; 
                } 
                if(iX + lpRect->Width() > rcWA.right - DETASTEP && iX !=rcWA.right-lpRect->Width()) 
                {//调整右 
                        //pWnd->SetWindowPos(NULL ,rcWA.right-rcW.Width(),iY,0,0,SWP_NOSIZE); 
                        lpRect->OffsetRect(rcWA.right-lpRect->right,0); 
                        AdjustPos(lpRect); 
                        return TRUE; 
                } 
                if(iY + lpRect->Height() > rcWA.bottom - DETASTEP && iY !=rcWA.bottom-lpRect->Height()) 
                {//调整下 
                        //pWnd->SetWindowPos(NULL ,iX,rcWA.bottom-rcW.Height(),0,0,SWP_NOSIZE); 
                        lpRect->OffsetRect(0,rcWA.bottom-lpRect->bottom); 
                        return TRUE; 
                } 
                return FALSE; 
        } 
        //然后在ONMOVEING事件中使用所下过程调用 
        CRect r=*pRect; 
        AdjustPos(&r); 
        *pRect=(RECT)r;
十二、给系统菜单添加一个菜单项 
        给系统菜单添加一个菜单项需要进行下述三个步骤： 
                首先，使用Resource Symbols对话（在View菜单中选择Resource Symbols．．．可以显示该对话）定义菜单项ID，该ID应大于0x0F而小于0xF000； 
                其次，调用CWnd::GetSystemMenu获取系统菜单的指针并调用CWnd:: Appendmenu将菜单项添加到菜单中。下例给系统菜单添加两个新的 
        int CMainFrame:: OnCreate (LPCREATESTRUCT lpCreateStruct) 
        { 
                … 
                //Make sure system menu item is in the right range. 
                ASSERT(IDM_MYSYSITEM<0xF000); 
                //Get pointer to system menu. 
                CMenu* pSysMenu=GetSystemMenu(FALSE); 
                ASSERT_VALID(pSysMenu); 
                //Add a separator and our menu item to system menu. 
                CString StrMenuItem(_T ("New menu item")); 
                pSysMenu->AppendMenu(MF_SEPARATOR); 
                pSysMenu->AppendMenu(MF_STRING, IDM_MYSYSITEM, StrMenuItem); 
                … 
        }
十三、运行其它程序 
        //1、运行EMAIL或网址 
                char szMailAddress[80]; 
                strcpy(szMailAddress,"mailto:netvc@21cn.com"); 
                ShellExecute(NULL, "open", szMailAddress, NULL, NULL, SW_SHOWNORMAL); 
        //2、运行可执行程序 
                WinExec("notepad.exe",SW_SHOW); //运行计事本
十四、动态增加或删除菜单 
        1、 增加菜单 
                //添加 
                CMenu *mainmenu; 
                mainmenu=AfxGetMainWnd()->GetMenu(); //得到主菜单 
                (mainmenu->GetSubMenu (0))->AppendMenu (MF_SEPARATOR);//添加分隔符 
                (mainmenu->GetSubMenu (0))->AppendMenu(MF_STRING,ID_APP_ABOUT,_T("Always on &Top")); //添加新的菜单项 
                DrawMenuBar(); //重画菜单 
        2、 删除菜单 
                //删除 
                CMenu *mainmenu; 
                mainmenu=AfxGetMainWnd()->GetMenu(); //得到主菜单 
                CString str ; 
                for(int i=(mainmenu->GetSubMenu (0))->GetMenuItemCount()-1;i>=0;i--) //取得菜单的项数。 
                { 
                        (mainmenu->GetSubMenu (0))->GetMenuString(i,str,MF_BYPOSITION); 
                        //将指定菜单项的标签拷贝到指定的缓冲区。MF_BYPOSITION的解释见上。 
                        if(str=="Always on &Top") //如果是刚才我们增加的菜单项，则删除。 
                        { 
                                (mainmenu->GetSubMenu (0))->DeleteMenu(i,MF_BYPOSITION); 
                                break; 
                        }
十五、改变应用程序的图标 
        静态更改： 修改图标资源IDR_MAINFRAME。它有两个图标，一个是16*16的，另一个是32*32的，注意要一起修改。 
        动态更改： 向主窗口发送WM_SETICON消息.代码如下： 
                HICON hIcon=AfxGetApp()->LoadIcon(IDI_ICON); 
                ASSERT(hIcon); 
                AfxGetMainWnd()->SendMessage(WM_SETICON,TRUE,(LPARAM)hIcon);
十六、另一种改变窗口标题的方法 
        使用语句 CWnd* m_pCWnd = AfxGetMainWnd( )，然后，再以如下形式调用SetWindowText()函数： 
                SetWindowText( *m_pCWnd,(LPCTSTR)m_WindowText)；// m_WindowText可以是一个CString类的变量。
十七、剪切板上通过增强元文件拷贝图像数据 
        下面代码拷贝通过元文件拷贝图像数据到任何应用程序，其可以放置在CView派生类的函数中。 
                CMetaFileDC * m_pMetaDC = new CMetaFileDC(); 
                m_pMetaDC->CreateEnhanced(GetDC(),NULL,NULL,"whatever"); 
                //draw meta file 
                //do what ever you want to do: bitmaps, lines, text... 
                //close meta file dc and prepare for clipboard; 
                HENHMETAFILE hMF = m_pMetaDC->CloseEnhanced(); 
                //copy to clipboard 
                OpenClipboard(); 
                EmptyClipboard(); 
                ::SetClipboardData(CF_ENHMETAFILE,hMF); 
                CloseClipboard(); 
                //DeleteMetaFile(hMF); 
                delete m_pMetaDC;
十八、剪切板上文本数据的传送 
        把文本放置到剪接板上： 
                CString source; 
                //put your text in source 
                if(OpenClipboard()) 
                { 
                        HGLOBAL clipbuffer; 
                        char * buffer; 
                        EmptyClipboard(); 
                        clipbuffer = GlobalAlloc(GMEM_DDESHARE, source.GetLength()+1); 
                        buffer = (char*)GlobalLock(clipbuffer); 
                        strcpy(buffer, LPCSTR(source)); 
                        GlobalUnlock(clipbuffer); 
                        SetClipboardData(CF_TEXT,clipbuffer); 
                        CloseClipboard(); 
                } 
        从剪接板上获取文本： 
                char * buffer; 
                if(OpenClipboard()) 
                { 
                        buffer = (char*)GetClipboardData(CF_TEXT); 
                        //do something with buffer here 
                        //before it goes out of scope 
                } 
                CloseClipboard();
十九、将捕捉屏幕图像到剪切版中 
        void CShowBmpInDlgDlg::OnCutScreen() 
        { 
                ShowWindow(SW_HIDE); 
                RECT r_bmp={0,0,::GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXSCREEN), 
                ::GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYSCREEN)}; 
                HBITMAP hBitmap; 
                hBitmap=CopyScreenToBitmap(&r_bmp); 
                //hWnd为程序窗口句柄 
                if (OpenClipboard()) 
                { 
                        EmptyClipboard(); 
                        SetClipboardData(CF_BITMAP, hBitmap); 
                        CloseClipboard(); 
                } 
                ShowWindow(SW_SHOW); 
        } 
        HBITMAP CShowBmpInDlgDlg::CopyScreenToBitmap(LPRECT lpRect) 
        { 
                //lpRect 代表选定区域 
                { 
                        HDC hScrDC, hMemDC; 
                        // 屏幕和内存设备描述表 
                        HBITMAP hBitmap, hOldBitmap; 
                        // 位图句柄 
                        int nX, nY, nX2, nY2; 
                        // 选定区域坐标 
                        int nWidth, nHeight; 
                        // 位图宽度和高度 
                        int xScrn, yScrn; 
                        //  聊环直媛?
                        // 确保选定区域不为空矩形 
                        if (IsRectEmpty(lpRect)) 
                        return NULL; 
                        //为屏幕创建设备描述表 
                        hScrDC = CreateDC("DISPLAY", NULL, NULL, NULL); 
                        //为屏幕设备描述表创建兼容的内存设备描述表 
                        hMemDC = CreateCompatibleDC(hScrDC); 
                        // 获得选定区域坐标 
                        nX = lpRect->left; 
                        nY = lpRect->top; 
                        nX2 = lpRect->right; 
                        nY2 = lpRect->bottom; 
                        // 获得 聊环直媛?
                        xScrn = GetDeviceCaps(hScrDC, HORZRES); 
                        yScrn = GetDeviceCaps(hScrDC, VERTRES); 
                        //确保选定区域是可见的 
                        if (nX<0) 
                                nX = 0; 
                        if (nY<0) 
                                nY = 0; 
                        if (nX2>xScrn) 
                                nX2 = xScrn; 
                        if (nY2>yScrn) 
                                nY2 = yScrn; 
                        nWidth = nX2 - nX; 
                        nHeight = nY2 - nY; 
                        // 创建一个与屏幕设备描述表兼容的位图 
                        hBitmap = CreateCompatibleBitmap(hScrDC, nWidth, nHeight); 
                        // 把新位图选到内存设备描述表中 
                        hOldBitmap =(HBITMAP)SelectObject(hMemDC, hBitmap); 
                        // 把屏幕设备描述表拷贝到内存设备描述表中 
                        BitBlt(hMemDC, 0, 0, nWidth, nHeight, hScrDC, nX, nY, SRCCOPY); 
                        //得到屏幕位图的句柄 
                        hBitmap = (HBITMAP)SelectObject(hMemDC, hOldBitmap); 
                        //清除 
                        DeleteDC(hScrDC); 
                        DeleteDC(hMemDC); 
                        // 返回位图句柄 
                        return hBitmap; 
                } 
        }
二十、如何将位图缩放显示在Static控件中 
        //在Staic控件内显示位图 
        void CShowBmpInDlgDlg::ShowBmpInStaic() 
        { 
                CBitmap hbmp; 
                HBITMAP hbitmap; 
                //将pStatic指向要显示的地方 
                CStatic *pStaic; 
                pStaic=(CStatic*)GetDlgItem(IDC_IMAGE); 
                //装载资源 MM.bmp是我的一个文件名，用你的替换 
                hbitmap=(HBITMAP)::LoadImage (::AfxGetInstanceHandle(),"MM.bmp", 
                IMAGE_BITMAP,0,0,LR_LOADFROMFILE|LR_CREATEDIBSECTION); 
                hbmp.Attach(hbitmap); 
                //获取图片格式 
                BITMAP bm; 
                hbmp.GetBitmap(&bm); 
                CDC dcMem; 
                dcMem.CreateCompatibleDC(GetDC()); 
                CBitmap *poldBitmap=(CBitmap*)dcMem.SelectObject(hbmp); 
                CRect lRect;

                pStaic->GetClientRect(&lRect); 
                lRect.NormalizeRect(); 
                //显示位图 
                pStaic->GetDC()->StretchBlt(lRect.left ,lRect.top ,lRect.Width(),lRect.Height(), 
                        &dcMem,0 ,0,bm.bmWidth,bm.bmHeight,SRCCOPY); 
                dcMem.SelectObject(&poldBitmap); 
        }