高可用群集+keepalive

keepalive介绍

专为LVS和HA设计的一款健康检查工具
支持故障自动切换（Failover）
支持节点健康状态检查（Health Checking）

keepalive工作原理

1. Keepalived可实现多机热备，每个热备组可有多台服务器

2. 双机热备的故障切换是由虚拟IP地址的漂移来实现，适用于各种应用服务器

3. 实现基于Web服务的双机热备

VRRP

VRRP是针对路由器的一种备份解决方案
由多台路由器组成一个热备组，通过共用的虚拟IP地址对外提供服务
每个热备组内同时只有一台主路由器提供服务，其他路由器处于冗余状态
若当前在线的路由器失效，则其他路由器会根据设置的优先级自动接替虚拟IP地址，继续提供服务

部署LVS+keepalive

环境：
两台调度服务器：
主调度器：真实IP：192.168.1.30
备调度器：真实IP：192.168.1.40
两台节点服务器：
web server1：192.168.1.10
web server2：192.168.1.20
一台NFS共享存储服务器：
地址192.168.1.50
一台客户机

配置主调度器

modprobe ip_vs
yum -y install ipvsadm gcc gcc-c++ make popt-devel kernel-devel openssl-devel
tar -zxvf keepalived-1.4.2.tar.gz
cd keepalived-1.4.2/
./configure --prefix=/
make && make install
cp keepalived/etc/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/

vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
   router_id LVS_1
}
vrrp_instance v1 
    state MASTER
    interface ens33
    virtual_router_id 1
    priority 110
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192。168.1.200
    }
}

virtual_server 192.168.1.100 80 {	
    delay_loop 6	
    lb_algo rr		
    lb_kind DR		
    persistence_timeout 6
    protocol TCP		
    
    real_server 192.168.1.10 80 {
        weight 1	
        TCP_CHECK {		
                connect_port 80		
                connect_timeout 3
                nb_get_retry 3		
                delay_before_retry 3	
                }
        }
    real_server 192.168.1.20 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
                connect_port 80
                connect_timeout 3
                nb_get_retry 3
                delay_before_retry 3
                }
        }
}

配置备调度器

vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
   router_id LVS_2
}

vrrp_instance v1 {
    state BACKUP
    interface ens33
    virtual_router_id 1
    priority 105
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.20.220
    }
}

virtual_server 192.168.1.100 80 {
    delay_loop 6
    lb_algo rr
    lb_kind DR
    persistence_timeout 6
    protocol TCP

    real_server 192.168.1.10 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
                connect_port 80
                connect_timeout 3
                nb_get_retry 3
                delay_before_retry 3
                }
        }
    real_server 192.168.1.20 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
                connect_port 80
                connect_timeout 3
                nb_get_retry 3
                delay_before_retry 3
                }
        }
}

配置NFS服务器

yum -y install nfs-utils rpcbind
mkdir web1
mkdir web2
vi /etc/exports
web1 192.168.1.10(ro)
web2 192.168.1.20(ro)
systemctl start nfs

配置web服务器1

yum -y install httpd
mount 192.168.1.50:/web1 /var/www/html
vi dr.sh
#!/bin/bash
ifconfig lo:0 192.168.1.100 broadcast 192.168.1.100 netmask 255.255.255.255 up		
route add -host 192.168.1.100 dev lo:0
echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo "2" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo "2" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
sysctl -p &> /dev/null

sh dr.sh

配置web服务器2

yum -y install httpd
mount 192.168.1.50:/web2 /var/www/html
vi dr.sh
#!/bin/bash
ifconfig lo:0 192.168.1.100 broadcast 192.168.1.100 netmask 255.255.255.255 up		
route add -host 192.168.1.100 dev lo:0
echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo "2" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo "2" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
sysctl -p &> /dev/null

sh dr.sh

结果