MariDB和MySQL的二进制安装

下载MariaDB二进制安装包
https://mariadb.org/download/

[root@centos7 ~]#ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  mariadb-10.2.22-linux-x86_64.tar.gz  original-ks.cfg

[root@centos7 ~]#tar xvf mariadb-10.2.22-linux-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

[root@centos7 ~]#useradd -r -d /data/mysql -s /sbin/nologin mysql

[root@centos7 ~]#getent passwd | grep "mysql"
mysql:x:997:995::/data/mysql:/sbin/nologin

[root@centos7 /usr/local]#ln -s mariadb-10.2.22-linux-x86_64/ mysql

[root@centos7 /usr/local]#ll mysql/
total 176
drwxrwxr-x  2 1021 1004  4096 Dec 20 21:15 bin
-rw-r--r--  1 1021 1004 17987 Feb 10 07:24 COPYING
-rw-r--r--  1 1021 1004 86263 Feb 10 07:24 COPYING.thirdparty
-rw-r--r--  1 1021 1004  2354 Feb 10 07:24 CREDITS
drwxrwxr-x  3 1021 1004    18 Feb 11 05:29 data
-rw-r--r--  1 1021 1004  8245 Feb 10 07:24 EXCEPTIONS-CLIENT
drwxrwxr-x  3 1021 1004    19 Feb 11 05:29 include
-rw-r--r--  1 1021 1004  8694 Feb 10 07:24 INSTALL-BINARY
drwxrwxr-x  5 1021 1004   335 Dec 20 21:15 lib
drwxrwxr-x  4 1021 1004    30 Feb 11 05:29 man
drwxrwxr-x 11 1021 1004  4096 Feb 11 05:29 mysql-test
-rw-r--r--  1 1021 1004  2469 Feb 10 07:24 README.md
-rw-r--r--  1 1021 1004 19561 Feb 10 07:24 README-wsrep
drwxrwxr-x  2 1021 1004    30 Feb 11 05:29 scripts
drwxrwxr-x 32 1021 1004  4096 Feb 11 05:29 share
drwxrwxr-x  4 1021 1004  4096 Feb 11 05:29 sql-bench
drwxrwxr-x  3 1021 1004   275 Feb 11 05:29 support-files

[root@centos7 /usr/local]#chown -R root.root mysql/

[root@centos7 /usr/local]#echo PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

[root@centos7 /usr/local]#. /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

[root@centos7 /usr/local]#mkdir -pv /data/mysql

[root@centos7 /usr/local]#chown mysql.mysql /data/mysql/ -R

[root@centos7 /usr/local]#chmod 770 /data/mysql -R

[root@centos7 /usr/local/mysql]#scripts/mysql_install_db  --datadir=/data/mysql  --user=mysql
Installing MariaDB/MySQL system tables in '/data/mysqldb' ...
./bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory		#初始化数据库错误，需要安装libaio

[root@centos7 /usr/local/mysql]#yum install -y libaio

[root@centos7 /usr/local/mysql]#scripts/mysql_install_db  --datadir=/data/mysql  --user=mysql
Installing MariaDB/MySQL system tables in '/data/mysqldb' ...
OK			#数据库初始化成功

[root@centos7 /usr/local/mysql]#cp support-files/my-huge.cnf /etc/my.cnf		#复制配置文件模板

[root@centos7 /usr/local/mysql]#vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/data/mysql		#增加数据家目录

[root@centos7 /usr/local/mysql]#cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld		#复制启动脚本

[root@centos7 /etc/init.d]#chkconfig --add mysqld

[root@centos7 /etc/init.d]#service mysqld start
Starting mysqld (via systemctl):                           [  OK  ]

下载MySQL二进制安装包
https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

[root@centos7 ~]#ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  mysql-8.0.13-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz  original-ks.cfg

[root@centos7 ~]#tar xvf mysql-8.0.13-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz -C /usr/local/

[root@centos7 /usr/local]#ln -s mysql-8.0.13-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ mysql

[root@centos7 /usr/local]#vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
port                           = 3306
datadir                        = /data/mysql
socket                         = /tmp/mysql.sock
pid-file                       = /tmp/mysqld.pid
default-authentication-plugin  =mysql_native_password

[root@centos7 /usr/local]#useradd mysql

[root@centos7 /usr/local]#mkdir -pv /data/mysql

[root@centos7 /usr/local]#chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql

[root@centos7 /usr/local/mysql/bin]#yum install -y libaio

[root@centos7 /usr/local/mysql/bin]#./mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --initialize
-insecure			#官方推荐使用--initialize，会在错误日志中生成难以输入的临时密码，我这里使用的免密码的方式。

[root@centos7 ~]#cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server  /etc/init.d/mysql

[root@centos7 /usr/local]#echo PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

[root@centos7 /usr/local]#. /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

[root@centos7 ~]#service mysql start
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!