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操作系统概念 Openrating system concepts是本非常好的书，解析的非常透彻，而且感觉是同样的概念它也讲了别的书没有讲的东西。本系列贴出重点句子，并加以翻译，本翻译把意译和直译结合起来，少数地方会增加注解，按情况来使用，因为思维习惯和表达方式的不一样，我认为这么专业的东西，不能都用直译，否则会显得不伦不类，甚至词不达意的，这也是很多计算机翻译书的通病。难以表达的句子还是真真

when one process creates a new process, the identity of the newly created process is passed to the parent.当一个进程创建一个新的进程，这个新进程的id传给父母进程。父母进程可能结束他的孩子进程的原因：• The child has exceeded its usage of some of the resources that it has been allocated.孩子进程超额使用它

A thread is a basic unit of CPU utilization; it comprises a thread ID, a program counter, a register set, and a stack.一个线程是一个使用CPU的基本单元； 它由进程ID，程序计数器，寄存器和栈组成。It shares with other threads belongi

Most operating systems (including UNIX, Linux, and Windows) identifyprocesses according to a unique process identifier (or pid), which is typicallyan integer number We use the term process rat

several methods for logically implementing a link and the send()/receive() operations:执行一个连接和send()/receive()操作的几个方法：• Direct or indirect communication直接或者间接通信• Synchronous or asynchronous com

这里是利用C++简单模拟一个生产者消费者的工作模式。没有考虑到同步问题。操作了一个队列，用BUFFER_SIZE控制了队列的大小，也根据需要可以不用控制大小。感觉数据结构无处不在。使用单一设计模式实现缓冲区。

The context is represented in the PCB of theprocess. It includes the value of the CPU registers, the process state (see Figure3.2), and memory-management information. Generically, we perform a sta

Typically, a shared-memory region resides in the address space of the process creating the shared-memory segment.通常，一个共享内存区域存储在进程地址空间内，该进程创建共享内存段。 Other processes that wish to communicate usin

It is important that the long-term scheduler make a careful selection. Ingeneral, most processes can be described as either I/O bound or CPU bound.An I/O-bound process is one that spends more of i

These processes are spooled to a mass-storage device (typically a disk), where they are kept for later execution.这些进程存储在进程池中，进程池存放在大容量存储器中，如磁盘，以便后续的载入运行。The long-term scheduler, or job scheduler

the PCB is expanded to include information for each thread.PCB（进程控制块）被扩展为线程存储信息。PROCESS REPRESENTATION IN LINUX进程在Linux中的表示The process control block in the Linux operating system is represente

It is important to realize that only one process can be running on any processor at any instant.要记住每一时刻一个处理器只能有一个进程运行。Process Control Block 进程控制块Each process is represented in the operating syst

Person's solution 是用来一种基于软件的解决关键区域问题的算法（critical-section).它并非完美的，有可能不正确地工作。而且是限制解决两个进程同步的问题。但是它很简单，很原始，学习起来也是很轻松的。代码如下：do { flag[i] = true; turn = j; while (flag[j] && turn == j