如果你还想从头学起Pytest,可以看看这个系列的文章哦!
https://www.cnblogs.com/poloyy/category/1690628.html
前言
小说网 www.laoyao.orgpytest配置文件可以改变pytest的运行方式,它是一个固定的文件pytest.ini文件,读取配置信息,按指定的方式去运行
非test文件
pytest里面有些文件是非test文件
- pytest.ini:pytest的主配置文件,可以改变pytest的默认行为
- conftest.py:测试用例的一些fixture配置
- _init_.py:识别该文件夹为python的package包
查看pytest.ini的配置选项
cmd执行
pytest --help
找到这部分内容
[pytest] ini-options in the first pytest.ini|tox.ini|setup.cfg file found: markers (linelist): markers for test functions empty_parameter_set_mark (string): default marker for empty parametersets norecursedirs (args): directory patterns to avoid for recursion testpaths (args): directories to search for tests when no files or directories are given in the command line. usefixtures (args): list of default fixtures to be used with this project python_files (args): glob-style file patterns for Python test module discovery python_classes (args): prefixes or glob names for Python test class discovery python_functions (args): prefixes or glob names for Python test function and method discovery disable_test_id_escaping_and_forfeit_all_rights_to_community_support (bool): disable string escape non-ascii characters, might cause unwanted side effects(use at your own risk) console_output_style (string): console output: "classic", or with additional progress information ("progress" (percentage) | "count"). xfail_strict (bool): default for the strict parameter of xfail markers when not given explicitly (default: False) enable_assertion_pass_hook (bool): Enables the pytest_assertion_pass hook.Make sure to delete any previously generated pyc cache files. junit_suite_name (string): Test suite name for JUnit report junit_logging (string): Write captured log messages to JUnit report: one of no|log|system-out|system-err|out-err|all junit_log_passing_tests (bool): Capture log information for passing tests to JUnit report: junit_duration_report (string): Duration time to report: one of total|call junit_family (string): Emit XML for schema: one of legacy|xunit1|xunit2 doctest_optionflags (args): option flags for doctests doctest_encoding (string): encoding used for doctest files cache_dir (string): cache directory path. filterwarnings (linelist): Each line specifies a pattern for warnings.filterwarnings. Processed after -W/--pythonwarnings. log_print (bool): default value for --no-print-logs log_level (string): default value for --log-level log_format (string): default value for --log-format log_date_format (string): default value for --log-date-format log_cli (bool): enable log display during test run (also known as "live logging"). log_cli_level (string): default value for --log-cli-level log_cli_format (string): default value for --log-cli-format log_cli_date_format (string): default value for --log-cli-date-format log_file (string): default value for --log-file log_file_level (string): default value for --log-file-level log_file_format (string): default value for --log-file-format log_file_date_format (string): default value for --log-file-date-format log_auto_indent (string): default value for --log-auto-indent faulthandler_timeout (string): Dump the traceback of all threads if a test takes more than TIMEOUT seconds to finish. Not available on Windows. addopts (args): extra command line options minversion (string): minimally required pytest version rsyncdirs (pathlist): list of (relative) paths to be rsynced for remote distributed testing. rsyncignore (pathlist): list of (relative) glob-style paths to be ignored for rsyncing. looponfailroots (pathlist): directories to check for changes
pytest.ini应该放哪里?
就放在项目根目录下 ,不要乱放,不要乱起其他名字
接下来讲下常用的配置项
marks
作用:测试用例中添加了 @pytest.mark.webtest 装饰器,如果不添加marks选项的话,就会报warnings
格式:list列表类型
写法:
[pytest] markers = weibo: this is weibo page toutiao: toutiao xinlang: xinlang
xfail_strict
作用:设置xfail_strict = True可以让那些标记为@pytest.mark.xfail但实际通过显示XPASS的测试用例被报告为失败
格式:True 、False(默认),1、0
写法:
[pytest] # mark标记说明 markers = weibo: this is weibo page toutiao: toutiao xinlang: xinlang xfail_strict = True
具体代码栗子
未设置 xfail_strict = True 时,测试结果显示XPASS
@pytest.mark.xfail() def test_case1(): a = "a" b = "b" assert a != b
collecting ... collected 1 item
02断言异常.py::test_case1 XPASS [100%]
============================= 1 xpassed in 0.02s ==============================
已设置 xfail_strict = True 时,测试结果显示failed
collecting ... collected 1 item 02断言异常.py::test_case1 FAILED [100%] 02断言异常.py:54 (test_case1) [XPASS(strict)] ================================== FAILURES =================================== _________________________________ test_case1 __________________________________ [XPASS(strict)] =========================== short test summary info =========================== FAILED 02断言异常.py::test_case1 ============================== 1 failed in 0.02s ==============================
addopts
作用:addopts参数可以更改默认命令行选项,这个当我们在cmd输入一堆指令去执行用例的时候,就可以用该参数代替了,省去重复性的敲命令工作
比如:想测试完生成报告,失败重跑两次,一共运行两次,通过分布式去测试,如果在cmd中写的话,命令会很长
pytest -v --rerun=2 --count=2 --html=report.html --self-contained-html -n=auto
每次都这样敲不太现实,addopts就可以完美解决这个问题
[pytest] # mark markers = weibo: this is weibo page toutiao: toutiao xinlang: xinlang xfail_strict = True # 命令行参数 addopts = -v --reruns=1 --count=2 --html=reports.html --self-contained-html -n=auto
加了addopts之后,我们在cmd中只需要敲pytest就可以生效了!!
log_cli
作用:控制台实时输出日志
格式:log_cli=True 或False(默认),或者log_cli=1 或 0
log_cli=0的运行结果
log_cli=1的运行结果
结论
很明显,加了log_cli=1之后,可以清晰看到哪个package下的哪个module下的哪个测试用例是否passed还是failed;
所以平时测试代码是否有问题的情况下推荐加!!!但如果拿去批量跑测试用例的话不建议加,谁知道会不会影响运行性能呢?
norecursedirs
作用:pytest 收集测试用例时,会递归遍历所有子目录,包括某些你明知道没必要遍历的目录,遇到这种情况,可以使用 norecursedirs 参数简化 pytest 的搜索工作【还是挺有用的!!!】
默认设置: norecursedirs = .* build dist CVS _darcs {arch} *.egg
正确写法:多个路径用空格隔开
[pytest]
norecursedirs = .* build dist CVS _darcs {arch} *.egg venv src resources log report util
更改测试用例收集规则
pytest默认的测试用例收集规则
- 文件名以 test_*.py 文件和 *_test.py
- 以 test_ 开头的函数
- 以 Test 开头的类,不能包含 __init__ 方法
- 以 test_ 开头的类里面的方法
我们是可以修改或者添加这个用例收集规则的;当然啦,是建议在原有的规则上添加的,如下配置
[pytest] python_files = test_* *_test test* python_classes = Test* test* python_functions = test_* test*