扩展Linux虚拟机硬盘、分区一例

原文地址：http://os.51cto.com/art/200908/142313.htm

在给客户部署Linux虚拟机时，我一般都会单独做出一个分区来存储客户的所有数据，并取名为data。/data分区的默认大小为35G，随着时间的发展，有的客户提出扩大/data分区的需求。下面是我在ESX4.0上的实施步骤：

注：在生产环境中一定要先做好备份再做操作！

1）关掉Linux虚拟机，运行vmkfstools命令扩展vmdk文件。原大小为50G，现在扩展为65G。

vmkfstools -X 65G CentOS53.vmdk

2）开启Linux虚拟机，可以通过以下命令可以查看新增的可用空间。

[root@CentOS53 ~]# parted

GNU Parted 1.8.1

Using /dev/sda

Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.

(parted) print free

Model: VMware Virtual disk (scsi)

Disk /dev/sda: 69.8GB

Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B

Partition Table: msdos

Number Start End SizeType File system Flags

1 32.3kB 107MB 107MB primary ext3 boot

2 107MB 4401MB 4294MB primary ext3

3 4401MB 6547MB 2147MB primary linux-swap

4 6547MB 53.7GB 47.1GB extended

5 6547MB 8694MB 2147MB logical ext3

6 8694MB 10.8GB 2147MB logical ext3

7 10.8GB 11.9GB 1077MB logical ext3

8 11.9GB 13.0GB 1077MB logical ext3

9 13.0GB 53.7GB 40.7GB logical ext3

53.7GB 69.8GB 16.1GBFree Space

3）运行disk /dev/sda后输入P查看分区结果如下，并记录下来(/dev/sda9加载在/data分区上)。可见总共有8485个cylinder，但最后一个分区只是到6527就结束了。这说明后面还有硬盘空间。

Disk /dev/sda: 69.7 GB, 69793218560 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8485 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux

/dev/sda2 14 535 4192965 83 Linux

/dev/sda3 536 796 2096482+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris

/dev/sda4 797652746034257+ 5 Extended

/dev/sda5 7971057 2096451 83 Linux

/dev/sda610581318 2096451 83 Linux

/dev/sda713191449 1052226 83 Linux

/dev/sda814501580 1052226 83 Linux

/dev/sda91581652739736746 83 Linux

4）输入d删除扩展分区/dev/sda4，这样所有的逻辑分区就从分区表中消失了（不要害怕，呵呵）。

5）输入n创建新的扩展分区，并创建原来（/dev/sda9除外）所有的逻辑分区并保持原来的起始、结束cylinder地址不变。/dev/sda9的起始地址不变，结束地址改为8485。新的分区表如下。确认无误后输入w已保存生效。

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sda: 69.7 GB, 69793218560 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8485 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux

/dev/sda2 14 535 4192965 83 Linux

/dev/sda3 536 796 2096482+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris

/dev/sda4 797848561761892+ 5 Extended

/dev/sda5 7971057 2096451 83 Linux

/dev/sda610581318 2096451 83 Linux

/dev/sda713191449 1052226 83 Linux

/dev/sda814501580 1052226 83 Linux

/dev/sda91581848555464381 83 Linux

6）查看改动后的分区大小。到目前为止，/data分区大小仍未改变。

[root@CentOS53 ~]# df -h

FilesystemSize Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda8 996M 235M 710M 25% /

/dev/sda9 37G 177M 35G 1% /data

/dev/sda7 996M 34M 911M 4% /home

/dev/sda6 2.0G 76M 1.8G 5% /var

/dev/sda2 3.9G 1.4G 2.4G 38% /usr

/dev/sda5 2.0G 36M 1.9G 2% /usr/local

/dev/sda1 99M 17M 78M 18% /boot

tmpfs 506M 0 506M 0% /dev/shm

7）运行resize2fs /dev/sda9已扩展/data分区。（在2.6.X内核里无需先umount）

[root@CentOS53 ~]# resize2fs /dev/sda9

resize2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)

Filesystem at /dev/sda9 is mounted on /apps; on-line resizing required

Performing an on-line resize of /dev/sda9 to 13866095 (4k) blocks.

The filesystem on /dev/sda9 is now 13866095 blocks long.

8）再次查看分区大小。成功，哦耶！

[root@CentOS53 ~]# df -h

FilesystemSize Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda8 996M 235M 710M 25% /

/dev/sda9 52G 180M 49G 1% /data

/dev/sda7 996M 34M 911M 4% /home

/dev/sda6 2.0G 76M 1.8G 5% /var

/dev/sda2 3.9G 1.4G 2.4G 38% /usr

/dev/sda5 2.0G 36M 1.9G 2% /usr/local

/dev/sda1 99M 17M 78M 18% /boot

tmpfs 506M 0 506M 0% /dev/shm