RSA基于Java Web的前台公钥加密后台私钥解密

RSA是目前最有影响力的公钥加密算法，它能够抵抗到目前为止已知的绝大多数密码攻击，已被ISO推荐为公钥 数据加密标准 。

在公开密钥密码体制中，加密密钥（即公开密钥）PK是公开信息，而解密密钥（即秘密密钥）SK是需要保密的。加密算法E和解密算法D也都是公开的。虽然解密密钥SK是由公开密钥PK决定的，但却不能根据PK计算出SK。

简单来说，RSA就是生成一对密钥串公钥和私钥，在使用公钥进行加密，用私钥进行解密，当然反过来应该也是可以的，不过我没有去试去，有兴趣的可以去试一下。

这里我给出我的实现方式：RSA前台公钥加密后台私钥解密

java加密与解密方法

package RSA;

/**
 * 
 */

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.security.KeyFactory;
import java.security.KeyPair;
import java.security.KeyPairGenerator;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.PrivateKey;
import java.security.PublicKey;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey;
import java.security.spec.InvalidKeySpecException;
import java.security.spec.RSAPrivateKeySpec;
import java.security.spec.RSAPublicKeySpec;

import javax.crypto.Cipher;

/**
 * RSA 工具类。提供加密，解密，生成密钥对等方法。
 * 需要到http://www.bouncycastle.org下载bcprov-jdk14-123.jar。
 * 
 */
public class RSAUtil {
	
	private static String RSAKeyStore = "C:/RSAKey.txt";
	/**
	 * * 生成密钥对 *
	 * 
	 * @return KeyPair *
	 * @throws EncryptException
	 */
	public static KeyPair generateKeyPair() throws Exception {
		try {
			KeyPairGenerator keyPairGen = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA",
					new org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider());
			final int KEY_SIZE = 1024;// 没什么好说的了，这个值关系到块加密的大小，可以更改，但是不要太大，否则效率会低
			keyPairGen.initialize(KEY_SIZE, new SecureRandom());
			KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGen.generateKeyPair();
			
			System.out.println(keyPair.getPrivate());
			System.out.println(keyPair.getPublic());
			
			saveKeyPair(keyPair);
			return keyPair;
		} catch (Exception e) {
			throw new Exception(e.getMessage());
		}
	}

	public static KeyPair getKeyPair() throws Exception {
		FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(RSAKeyStore);
		ObjectInputStream oos = new ObjectInputStream(fis);
		KeyPair kp = (KeyPair) oos.readObject();
		oos.close();
		fis.close();
		return kp;
	}

	public static void saveKeyPair(KeyPair kp) throws Exception {

		FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(RSAKeyStore);
		ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(fos);
		// 生成密钥
		oos.writeObject(kp);
		oos.close();
		fos.close();
	}

	/**
	 * * 生成公钥 *
	 * 
	 * @param modulus *
	 * @param publicExponent *
	 * @return RSAPublicKey *
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public static RSAPublicKey generateRSAPublicKey(byte[] modulus,
			byte[] publicExponent) throws Exception {
		KeyFactory keyFac = null;
		try {
			keyFac = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA",
					new org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider());
		} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException ex) {
			throw new Exception(ex.getMessage());
		}

		RSAPublicKeySpec pubKeySpec = new RSAPublicKeySpec(new BigInteger(
				modulus), new BigInteger(publicExponent));
		try {
			return (RSAPublicKey) keyFac.generatePublic(pubKeySpec);
		} catch (InvalidKeySpecException ex) {
			throw new Exception(ex.getMessage());
		}
	}

	/**
	 * * 生成私钥 *
	 * 
	 * @param modulus *
	 * @param privateExponent *
	 * @return RSAPrivateKey *
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public static RSAPrivateKey generateRSAPrivateKey(byte[] modulus,
			byte[] privateExponent) throws Exception {
		KeyFactory keyFac = null;
		try {
			keyFac = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA",
					new org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider());
		} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException ex) {
			throw new Exception(ex.getMessage());
		}

		RSAPrivateKeySpec priKeySpec = new RSAPrivateKeySpec(new BigInteger(
				modulus), new BigInteger(privateExponent));
		try {
			return (RSAPrivateKey) keyFac.generatePrivate(priKeySpec);
		} catch (InvalidKeySpecException ex) {
			throw new Exception(ex.getMessage());
		}
	}

	/**
	 * * 加密 *
	 * 
	 * @param key
	 *            加密的密钥 *
	 * @param data
	 *            待加密的明文数据 *
	 * @return 加密后的数据 *
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public static byte[] encrypt(PublicKey pk, byte[] data) throws Exception {
		try {
			Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA",
					new org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider());
			cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, pk);
			int blockSize = cipher.getBlockSize();// 获得加密块大小，如：加密前数据为128个byte，而key_size=1024
			// 加密块大小为127
			// byte,加密后为128个byte;因此共有2个加密块，第一个127
			// byte第二个为1个byte
			int outputSize = cipher.getOutputSize(data.length);// 获得加密块加密后块大小
			int leavedSize = data.length % blockSize;
			int blocksSize = leavedSize != 0 ? data.length / blockSize + 1
					: data.length / blockSize;
			byte[] raw = new byte[outputSize * blocksSize];
			int i = 0;
			while (data.length - i * blockSize > 0) {
				if (data.length - i * blockSize > blockSize)
					cipher.doFinal(data, i * blockSize, blockSize, raw, i
							* outputSize);
				else
					cipher.doFinal(data, i * blockSize, data.length - i
							* blockSize, raw, i * outputSize);
				// 这里面doUpdate方法不可用，查看源代码后发现每次doUpdate后并没有什么实际动作除了把byte[]放到
				// ByteArrayOutputStream中，而最后doFinal的时候才将所有的byte[]进行加密，可是到了此时加密块大小很可能已经超出了
				// OutputSize所以只好用dofinal方法。

				i++;
			}
			return raw;
		} catch (Exception e) {
			throw new Exception(e.getMessage());
		}
	}

	/**
	 * * 解密 *
	 * 
	 * @param key
	 *            解密的密钥 *
	 * @param raw
	 *            已经加密的数据 *
	 * @return 解密后的明文 *
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public static byte[] decrypt(PrivateKey pk, byte[] raw) throws Exception {
		try {
			Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA",
					new org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider());
			cipher.init(cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, pk);
			int blockSize = cipher.getBlockSize();
			ByteArrayOutputStream bout = new ByteArrayOutputStream(64);
			int j = 0;

			while (raw.length - j * blockSize > 0) {
				bout.write(cipher.doFinal(raw, j * blockSize, blockSize));
				j++;
			}
			return bout.toByteArray();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			throw new Exception(e.getMessage());
		}
	}

	/**
	 * * *
	 * 
	 * @param args *
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		RSAPublicKey rsap = (RSAPublicKey) RSAUtil.generateKeyPair().getPublic();
		String test = "hello world";
		byte[] en_test = encrypt(getKeyPair().getPublic(), test.getBytes());
		byte[] de_test = decrypt(getKeyPair().getPrivate(), en_test);
		System.out.println(new String(de_test));
	}
}

可以先跑一下这个main方法，得到公钥的字符串，然后在 前台页面拿到这个公钥去加密。

<%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html:html lang="true">
<head>
	<title>login</title>

	<script type="text/javascript" src="js/RSA.js"></script>
	<script type="text/javascript" src="js/BigInt.js"></script>
	<script type="text/javascript" src="js/Barrett.js"></script>
	
	<script type="text/javascript">
function rsalogin(){
	var thisPwd = document.getElementById("password").value;
	bodyRSA();
	var result = encryptedString(key, encodeURIComponent(thisPwd));
	//alert(encodeURIComponent(thisPwd)+"\r\n"+result);
	loginForm.action="loginCHK.jsp?result="+result;
	loginForm.submit();
}
var key ;
function bodyRSA(){
	setMaxDigits(130);
  	key = new RSAKeyPair("10001","","8246a46f44fc4d961e139fd70f4787d272d374532f4d2d9b7cbaad6a15a8c1301319aa6b3f30413b859351c71938aec516fa7147b69168b195e81df46b6bed7950cf3a1c719d42175f73d7c97a85d7d20a9e83688b92f05b3059bb2ff75cd7190a042cd2db97ebc2ab4da366f2a7085556ed613b5a39c9fdd2bb2595d1dc23b5"); 
}
</script>
</head>

<body>
	<form method="post" name="loginForm" target=_blank>
		<table border="0">
			<tr>
				<td>
					Password:
				</td>
				<td>
					<input type='text' name="password" id=password style='width:400px' value="my passwd"/>
				</td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td colspan="2" align="center">
					<input type="button" value="SUBMIT" οnclick="rsalogin();" />
				</td>
			</tr>
		</table>
	</form>
</body>
</html:html>

后台再进行解密和去执行你自己的逻辑

package RSA;

//login
/*
 * Generated by MyEclipse Struts
 * Template path: templates/java/JavaClass.vtl
 */
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
import java.net.URLEncoder;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import RSA.RSAUtil;

/**
 * MyEclipse Struts Creation date: 06-28-2008
 * 
 * XDoclet definition:
 * 
 * @struts.action path="/login" name="loginForm" input="/login.jsp"
 *                scope="request" validate="true"
 * @struts.action-forward name="error" path="/error.jsp"
 * @struts.action-forward name="success" path="/success.jsp"
 */
public class LoginAction {
	/*
	 * Generated Methods
	 */

	/**
	 * Method execute
	 * 
	 * @param mapping
	 * @param form
	 * @param request
	 * @param response
	 * @return ActionForward
	 */
	public boolean execute(HttpServletRequest request,
			HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
		String pwd ;
		String result = request.getParameter("result");
		System.out.println("原文加密后为：");
		System.out.println(result);
		byte[] en_result = new BigInteger(result, 16).toByteArray();
		//System.out.println("转成byte[]" + new String(en_result));
		byte[] de_result = RSAUtil.decrypt(RSAUtil.getKeyPair().getPrivate(),
				en_result);
		System.out.println("还原密文：");
		System.out.println(new String(de_result));
		StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
		sb.append(new String(de_result));
		pwd = sb.reverse().toString();
		System.out.println("=================================");
		pwd = URLDecoder.decode(pwd,"UTF-8");//
		System.out.println(pwd);
		request.setAttribute("pwd", pwd);
		return true;
	}
}

OK，就这么搞定了。

我这有相关完整的代码，可参阅

http://download.csdn.net/detail/kerryzb/9531785