IOS-Nsstring

几种初始化方法：

1、NSString *string0 = @"string";

2、NSString *string1 = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"it is %@",@"string"];

3、char *c = "string";

    NSString *string2 = [[NSString alloc] initWithCString:c encoding:nil];

4、const char *utf8 = "utf";

    NSString *string3 = [NSString  stringWithUTF8String:utf8];

数据转换：

    NSString *valueStr = @"123";

1、字符串转换成bool

    BOOL boolValue = [valueStr boolValue];    

2、字符串转换成整形

    int intValue = [valueStr intValue];    

    NSInteger integer = [valueStr integerValue];

3、字符串转换成单精度 双精度

    float floatValue = [valueStr floatValue];

    double doubleValue = [valueStr doubleValue];

4、其他数据转换为NSString

    NSString *srtingOfValue = [NSString stringWithFormat:@" %d  %d  %ld  %f  %f",boolValue,intValue,integer,floatValue,doubleValue];

1、获取字符串长度

    NSUInteger length = [string0 length];

2、获取索引下标的字符

    unichar index_char = [string0 characterAtIndex:3];

3、截取字符串，从索引位置到结尾

    NSString *str1 = [string0 substringFromIndex:3];

4、截取字符串，从开始位置到索引位置

    NSString *str2 = [string0 substringToIndex:3];

5、截取字符串，从索引开始，取长度个数组成字符串

    NSRange range = NSMakeRange(1, 3);

    NSString *str3 = [string0 substringWithRange:range];

6、获取字符串在某个字符串中的索引位置和长度

    NSRange range1 = [string0 rangeOfString:@"ing”];

1、判断字符串是否为空

   string0 == nil 和 string0.length == 0 同时成立。

2、判断字符串是否以……开头

    [string0 hasPrefix:@"ing"]

3、判断字符串是否以……结尾

    [string0 hasSuffix:@"ing"]

4、判断两个字符串是否相等

   [string0 isEqualToString:string1]

1、将字符串中的字母转换为大写

    [string0 uppercaseString]    

2、将字符串中的字母转换为小写

    [string0 lowercaseString]    

3、将字符串中的首字母变为大写

    string0 capitalizedString]

1、拼接字符串

    NSString *string0 = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@%@%@",@"aaa",@"bbb",@"ccc"];

2、在字符串的末尾追加新的字符串

    NSString *string1 = [string0 stringByAppendingString:@"ddd"];

3、在制定的范围插入字符串

    NSString *insertStr = @"逗逗";

    NSRange range = {4,0};//location代表从哪个索引开始插入,length代表将覆盖多少个字符

    NSString * string2 = [string0 stringByReplacingCharactersInRange:range withString:insertStr];

4、使用新的字符,替换原有的字符 （可以当删除使用）

    NSString *updateStr = @"我是逗逗";

    NSString *string3 = [updateStr stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"我" withString:@"你"];

相关方法：

输出大写或者小写字符串

NSString *string1 = @"A String"; 
NSString *string2 = @"String"; 
NSLog(@"string1:%@",[string1 uppercaseString]);//大写
NSLog(@"string2:%@",[string2 lowercaseString]);//小写
NSLog(@"string2:%@",[string2 capitalizedString]);//首字母大小

-rangeOfString: //查找字符串某处是否包含其它字符串

NSString *string1 = @"This is a string";
NSString *string2 = @"string";
NSRange range = [string1 rangeOfString:string2];
int location = range.location;
int leight = range.length;
NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"Location:%i,Leight:%i",location,leight]];

-substringToIndex: 从字符串的开头一直截取到指定的位置，但不包括该位置的字符；

NSString *string1 = @"This is a string";
NSString *string2 = [string1 substringToIndex:3];

-substringFromIndex: 以指定位置开始（包括指定位置的字符），并包括之后的全部字符

NSString *string1 = @"This is a string";
NSString *string2 = [string1 substringFromIndex:3];

-substringWithRange: //按照所给出的位置，长度，任意地从字符串中截取子串

NSString *string1 = @"This is a string";
NSString *string2 = [string1 substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(0, 4)]

-stringWithCapacity: //按照固定长度生成空字符串

NSMutableString *String;
String = [NSMutableString stringWithCapacity:40];

-appendString: and -appendFormat: //把一个字符串接在另一个字符串的末尾

NSMutableString *String1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a NSMutableString"];
[String1 appendString:@", I will be adding some character"];
[String1 appendFormat:[NSString stringWithFormat:@", I will be adding some character"]];

-insertString: atIndex: //在指定位置插入字符串

NSMutableString *String1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a NSMutableString"];
[String1 insertString:@"Hi! " atIndex:0];

-replaceCharactersInRange: withString: //用指定字符串替换字符串中某指定位置、长度的字符串

NSMutableString *String1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a NSMutableString"];
[String1 replaceCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(0, 4) withString:@"That"];

-hasPrefix: //检查字符串是否以另一个字符串开头

NSString *String1 = @"NSStringInformation.txt";
[String1 hasPrefix:@"NSString"] = = 1 ?  NSLog(@"YES") : NSLog(@"NO");
[String1 hasSuffix:@".txt"] = = 1 ?  NSLog(@"YES") : NSLog(@"NO");

扩展路径

NSString *Path = @"~/NSData.txt";
NSString *absolutePath = [Path stringByExpandingTildeInPath];
NSLog(@"absolutePath:%@",absolutePath);
NSLog(@"Path:%@",[absolutePath stringByAbbreviatingWithTildeInPath]);

25、文件扩展名

NSString *Path = @"~/NSData.txt";
NSLog(@"Extension:%@",[Path pathExtension]);