iOS 开发：CocoaPods 安装及问题 ERROR: Error installing cocoapods: activesupport requires Ruby version>=2.2.2-CSDN博客

iOS 开发：CocoaPods 安装以及

ERROR: Error installing cocoapods:
activesupport requires Ruby version >= 2.2.2.

今天用新的Mac笔记本安装cocoa pods时出现一点问题，在此百度整理了三位大神的博客。

1. 什么是CocoaPods：

CocoaPods是OS X和iOS下的一个第三类库管理工具，通过CocoaPods工具我们可以为项目添加被称为“Pods”的依赖库（这些类库必须是CocoaPods本身所支持的），并且可以轻松管理其版本。

Cocoapods意义体现在两个方面。第一，在引入第三方库时它可以自动为我们完成各种各样的配置，包括配置编译阶段、连接器选项、甚至是ARC环境下的-fno-objc-arc配置等。第二，使用CocoaPods可以很方便地查找新的第三方库，这些类库是比较“标准的”，而不是网上随便找到的，这样可以让我们找到真正好用的类库。

接下来我们将介绍CocoaPods的使用。

2. CocoaPods的核心组件：

CocoaPods是用Ruby写的，并划分成了若干个Gem包。

CocoaPods在解析执行过程中最重要的几个包的路径分别是：CocoaPods/CocoaPods、 CocoaPods/Core和 CocoaPods/Xcodeproj。

CocoaPods / CocoaPod：这是面向用户的组件，每当执行一个pod命令时，这个组件将被激活。它包括了所有实用CocoaPods的功能，并且还能调用其他gem包来执行任务。

CocoaPods / Core：Core gem提供了与CocoaPods相关的文件（主要是podfile和podspecs）的处理。

Podfile：该文件用于配置项目所需要的第三方库，它可以被高度定制。本文中我们主要在这里做动作。

Podspec：该文件描述了一个库将怎样被添加进工程中。.podspec文件可以标识该第三方库所需要的源码文件、依赖库、编译选项，以及其他第三方库需要的配置。

CocoaPods / Xcodeproj：这个包负责处理工程文件，它能创建以及修改.xcodeproj文件和.xcworkspace文件。它也可以作为一个独立的包使用，当你要编写修改项目文件的脚本时，可以考虑使用CocoaPods/Xcodeproj。

3. 安装：

打开终端，按以下步骤操作：

1> .移除现有的Ruby ：$gem sources --remove https://rubygems.org/

2>.使用淘宝镜像: $gem sources -a https://ruby.taobao.org/

3>.验证当前ruby版本 : $gem sources -l (这是英文字母l)

成功后提示：

*** CURRENT SOURCES ***

https://ruby.taobao.org/

4>.开始安装cocoa pods : $sudo gem install cocoa pods

4. 出现问题： ERROR: Error installing cocoapods:

activesupport requires Ruby version >= 2.2.2.

意思就是 Ruby 环境版本必须大于等于2.2.2 才能安装cocoapods.

查, ruby 的版本好像是1.9.8吧,看来是cocoapods 没骗我.接下来的工作就是升级 cocoapods 了
1>. 查询ruby的版本：$rvm list known

如果提示command not found 请先安装rvm

$curl -L get.rvm.io | bash -s stable

如果已安装会列出所有的ruby版本：

# MRI Rubies

[ruby-]1.8.6[-p420]

[ruby-]1.8.7[-head] # security released on head

[ruby-]1.9.1[-p431]

[ruby-]1.9.2[-p330]

[ruby-]1.9.3[-p551]

[ruby-]2.0.0[-p648]

[ruby-]2.1[.8]

[ruby-]2.2[.4]

[ruby-]2.3[.0]

[ruby-]2.2-head

ruby-head

# for forks use: rvm install ruby-head-<name> --url https://github.com/github/ruby.git --branch 2.2

# JRuby

jruby-1.6[.8]

jruby-1.7[.23]

jruby[-9.0.5.0]

jruby-head

# Rubinius

rbx-1[.4.3]

rbx-2.3[.0]

rbx-2.4[.1]

rbx[-2.5.8]

rbx-head

# Opal

opal

# Minimalistic ruby implementation - ISO 30170:2012

mruby[-head]

# Ruby Enterprise Edition

ree-1.8.6

ree[-1.8.7][-2012.02]

# GoRuby

goruby

# Topaz

topaz

# MagLev

maglev[-head]

maglev-1.0.0

# Mac OS X Snow Leopard Or Newer

macruby-0.10

macruby-0.11

macruby[-0.12]

macruby-nightly

macruby-head

# IronRuby

ironruby[-1.1.3]

ironruby-head

说明：rvm是用来管理ruby的，ruby的其中一个“程序”叫rubygems，简称 gem，而用来管理项目的gem的，叫bundle.完全是不同的东西，他们相同的只是都可以管理gem.所以说用这个gem --version查出来的版本是gem的。

2>. 安装ruby 2.2.2

$rvm install 2.2.2

Searching for binary rubies, this might take some time.

Found remote file https://rvm_io.global.ssl.fastly.net/binaries/osx/10.11/x86_64/ruby-2.2.2.tar.bz2

Checking requirements for osx.

About to install Homebrew, press `Enter` for default installation in `/usr/local`,

type new path if you wish custom Homebrew installation (the path needs to be writable for user)

点击回车：

It appears Homebrew is already installed. If your intent is to reinstall you

should do the following before running this installer again:

ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/uninstall)"

The current contents of /usr/local are .git

Requirements installation failed with status: 1.

==> This script will install:

/usr/local/bin/brew

/usr/local/Library/...

/usr/local/share/doc/homebrew

/usr/local/share/man/man1/brew.1

/usr/local/share/zsh/site-functions/_brew

/usr/local/etc/bash_completion.d/brew

Press RETURN to continue or any other key to abort

==> /usr/bin/sudo /bin/mkdir /Library/Caches/Homebrew

Password: 这里需要输入电脑密码

==> /usr/bin/sudo /bin/chmod g+rwx /Library/Caches/Homebrew

==> /usr/bin/sudo /usr/sbin/chown haha /Library/Caches/Homebrew

==> Downloading and installing Homebrew...

remote: Counting objects: 501, done.

remote: Compressing objects: 100% (445/445), done.

remote: Total 501 (delta 29), reused 360 (delta 27), pack-reused 0

Receiving objects: 100% (501/501), 787.83 KiB | 169.00 KiB/s, done.

Resolving deltas: 100% (29/29), done.

From https://github.com/Homebrew/brew

* [new branch] master -> origin/master

HEAD is now at 32f7e73 download_strategy: ensure fixed commit hash length

==> Tapping homebrew/core

Cloning into '/usr/local/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-core'...

remote: Counting objects: 3714, done.

remote: Compressing objects: 100% (3598/3598), done.

remote: Total 3714 (delta 14), reused 2112 (delta 6), pack-reused 0

Receiving objects: 100% (3714/3714), 2.88 MiB | 240.00 KiB/s, done.

Resolving deltas: 100% (14/14), done.

Checking connectivity... done.

Checking out files: 100% (3717/3717), done.

Tapped 3591 formulae (3,740 files, 9.0M)

==> Installation successful!

==> Next steps

Run `brew help` to get started

Further documentation: https://git.io/brew-docs

==> Homebrew has enabled anonymous aggregate user behaviour analytics

Read the analytics documentation (and how to opt-out) here:

https://git.io/brew-analytics

Installing requirements for osx.

Updating system.....

Installing required packages: autoconf, automake, libtool, pkg-config, libyaml, readline, libksba, openssl........

Certificates in '/usr/local/etc/openssl/cert.pem' are already up to date.

Requirements installation successful.

ruby-2.2.2 - #configure

ruby-2.2.2 - #download

% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current

Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed

100 6854k 100 6854k 0 0 61342 0 0:01:54 0:01:54 --:--:-- 132k

ruby-2.2.2 - #validate archive

ruby-2.2.2 - #extract

ruby-2.2.2 - #validate binary

ruby-2.2.2 - #setup

ruby-2.2.2 - #gemset created /Users/haha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.2@global

ruby-2.2.2 - #importing gemset /Users/haha/.rvm/gemsets/global.gems..............................

ruby-2.2.2 - #generating global wrappers........

ruby-2.2.2 - #gemset created /Users/haha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.2

ruby-2.2.2 - #importing gemsetfile /Users/haha/.rvm/gemsets/default.gems evaluated to empty gem list

ruby-2.2.2 - #generating default wrappers........

Updating certificates in '/etc/openssl/cert.pem'.

mkdir: /etc/openssl: Permission denied

mkdir -p "/etc/openssl" failed, retrying with sudo

haha password required for 'mkdir -p /etc/openssl':

and sudo mkdir worked

再次输入密码

3> .安装 cocoa pods：

$sudo gem install cocoapods

Fetching: nap-1.1.0.gem (100%)

Successfully installed nap-1.1.0

Fetching: fourflusher-0.3.2.gem (100%)

Successfully installed fourflusher-0.3.2

Fetching: escape-0.0.4.gem (100%)

Successfully installed escape-0.0.4

Fetching: colored-1.2.gem (100%)

Successfully installed colored-1.2

Fetching: concurrent-ruby-1.0.2.gem (100%)

Successfully installed concurrent-ruby-1.0.2

Fetching: thread_safe-0.3.5.gem (100%)

Successfully installed thread_safe-0.3.5

Fetching: tzinfo-1.2.2.gem (100%)

Successfully installed tzinfo-1.2.2

Fetching: i18n-0.7.0.gem (100%)

Successfully installed i18n-0.7.0

Fetching: activesupport-5.0.0.1.gem (100%)

Successfully installed activesupport-5.0.0.1

Fetching: claide-1.0.0.gem (100%)

Successfully installed claide-1.0.0

Fetching: xcodeproj-1.2.0.gem (100%)

Successfully installed xcodeproj-1.2.0

Fetching: molinillo-0.4.5.gem (100%)

Successfully installed molinillo-0.4.5

Fetching: cocoapods-try-1.1.0.gem (100%)

Successfully installed cocoapods-try-1.1.0

Fetching: netrc-0.7.8.gem (100%)

Successfully installed netrc-0.7.8

Fetching: cocoapods-trunk-1.0.0.gem (100%)

Successfully installed cocoapods-trunk-1.0.0

Fetching: cocoapods-stats-1.0.0.gem (100%)

Successfully installed cocoapods-stats-1.0.0

Fetching: cocoapods-search-1.0.0.gem (100%)

Successfully installed cocoapods-search-1.0.0

Fetching: cocoapods-plugins-1.0.0.gem (100%)

Successfully installed cocoapods-plugins-1.0.0

Fetching: cocoapods-downloader-1.1.0.gem (100%)

Successfully installed cocoapods-downloader-1.1.0

Fetching: cocoapods-deintegrate-1.0.0.gem (100%)

Successfully installed cocoapods-deintegrate-1.0.0

Fetching: fuzzy_match-2.0.4.gem (100%)

Successfully installed fuzzy_match-2.0.4

Fetching: cocoapods-core-1.0.1.gem (100%)

Successfully installed cocoapods-core-1.0.1

Fetching: cocoapods-1.0.1.gem (100%)

Successfully installed cocoapods-1.0.1

Parsing documentation for nap-1.1.0

Installing ri documentation for nap-1.1.0

Parsing documentation for fourflusher-0.3.2

Installing ri documentation for fourflusher-0.3.2

Parsing documentation for escape-0.0.4

Installing ri documentation for escape-0.0.4

Parsing documentation for colored-1.2

Installing ri documentation for colored-1.2

Parsing documentation for concurrent-ruby-1.0.2

Installing ri documentation for concurrent-ruby-1.0.2

Parsing documentation for thread_safe-0.3.5

Installing ri documentation for thread_safe-0.3.5

Parsing documentation for tzinfo-1.2.2

Installing ri documentation for tzinfo-1.2.2

Parsing documentation for i18n-0.7.0

Installing ri documentation for i18n-0.7.0

Parsing documentation for activesupport-5.0.0.1

Installing ri documentation for activesupport-5.0.0.1

Parsing documentation for claide-1.0.0

Installing ri documentation for claide-1.0.0

Parsing documentation for xcodeproj-1.2.0

Installing ri documentation for xcodeproj-1.2.0

Parsing documentation for molinillo-0.4.5

Installing ri documentation for molinillo-0.4.5

Parsing documentation for cocoapods-try-1.1.0

Installing ri documentation for cocoapods-try-1.1.0

Parsing documentation for netrc-0.7.8

Installing ri documentation for netrc-0.7.8

Parsing documentation for cocoapods-trunk-1.0.0

Installing ri documentation for cocoapods-trunk-1.0.0

Parsing documentation for cocoapods-stats-1.0.0

Installing ri documentation for cocoapods-stats-1.0.0

Parsing documentation for cocoapods-search-1.0.0

Installing ri documentation for cocoapods-search-1.0.0

Parsing documentation for cocoapods-plugins-1.0.0

Installing ri documentation for cocoapods-plugins-1.0.0

Parsing documentation for cocoapods-downloader-1.1.0

Installing ri documentation for cocoapods-downloader-1.1.0

Parsing documentation for cocoapods-deintegrate-1.0.0

Installing ri documentation for cocoapods-deintegrate-1.0.0

Parsing documentation for fuzzy_match-2.0.4

Installing ri documentation for fuzzy_match-2.0.4

Parsing documentation for cocoapods-core-1.0.1

Installing ri documentation for cocoapods-core-1.0.1

Parsing documentation for cocoapods-1.0.1

Installing ri documentation for cocoapods-1.0.1

Done installing documentation for nap, fourflusher, escape, colored, concurrent-ruby, thread_safe, tzinfo, i18n, activesupport, claide, xcodeproj, molinillo, cocoapods-try, netrc, cocoapods-trunk, cocoapods-stats, cocoapods-search, cocoapods-plugins, cocoapods-downloader, cocoapods-deintegrate, fuzzy_match, cocoapods-core, cocoapods after 21 seconds

23 gems installed

这样cocoa pods就安装成功了。