Android: 写文件到SD卡

考虑到SD卡可能没有被mount，或者其他各种情况，操作SD卡上的文件总需要各种状态的判断。主要是使用Environment类里的一些接口进行判断：
[code]
private void writeFileToSD() {
String sdStatus = Environment.getExternalStorageState();
if(!sdStatus.equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {
Log.d("TestFile", "SD card is not avaiable/writeable right now.");
return;
}
try {
String pathName="/sdcard/test/";
String fileName="file.txt";
File path = new File(pathName);
File file = new File(pathName + fileName);
if( !path.exists()) {
Log.d("TestFile", "Create the path:" + pathName);
path.mkdir();
}
if( !file.exists()) {
Log.d("TestFile", "Create the file:" + fileName);
file.createNewFile();
}
FileOutputStream stream = new FileOutputStream(file);
String s = "this is a test string writing to file.";
byte[] buf = s.getBytes();
stream.write(buf);
stream.close();

} catch(Exception e) {
Log.e("TestFile", "Error on writeFilToSD.");
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
[/code]
[color=red]需要加入权限：
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"></uses-permission>
[/color]

看文档说，可以使用Context.getExternalFilesDir来取得一个特殊的文件夹，该文件夹对USER不可见，最重要的是：[color=red]当系统卸载该程序时，会自动删除该目录下的文件。[/color]

如果不需要往SD卡上写文件，可以直接用以下简单代码：
[code]
private void writeFile() {
try {
FileOutputStream stream = openFileOutput("testfile.txt", Context.MODE_WORLD_WRITEABLE);
String s = "this is a test string writing to file.";
byte[] buf = s.getBytes();
stream.write(buf);
stream.close();
}
catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
Log.d("TestFile", "File not found.");
}
catch (IOException e) {
Log.d("TestFile", "File write error.");
}
}
[/code]
该文件会被放置于data/data/your_app_package_name/files下。

[color=red]
值得注意的是，我们可以在程序运行期间动态检查SD卡是否可用。大致就是通过注册BroadcastReceiver实现，这个官方文档里有提到：
[/color]
[code]
void startWatchingExternalStorage() {
mExternalStorageReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver()
{
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
Log.i("test", "Storage: " + intent.getData());
updateExternalStorageState();
}
};
IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();
filter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_MEDIA_MOUNTED);
filter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_MEDIA_REMOVED);
registerReceiver(mExternalStorageReceiver, filter);
updateExternalStorageState();
}
void stopWatchingExternalStorage() {
unregisterReceiver(mExternalStorageReceiver);
}
[/code]