本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/kieson_uabc/article/details/107368261

Mybatis入门

Mybatis简介

什么是Mybatis
- MyBatis 是支持定制化SQL、存储过程以及高级映射的优秀的持久层框架
  - 持久层:完成持久化工作的代码块例如DAO层
  - 持久化:将数据存储到数据库的过程
为什么需要Mybatis
- 传统JDBC代码太复杂 Mybatis可以简化并实现自动化
- 可以实现sql与代码分离

第一个程序

搭建数据库

CREATE DATABASE `mybatis`;
USE `mybatis`;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user`;
CREATE TABLE `user` (
  `id` INT(20) NOT NULL,
  `name` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL,
  `pwd` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
INSERT INTO `user`(`id`,`name`,`pwd`) VALUES(1,'狂神','123456'),(2,'张三','abcdef'),(3,'李四','987654');

新建项目
- 新建一个普通的Maven项目
- 删除src目录
- 导入maven依赖 mybatis mysql junit

<!--导入依赖-->
<dependencies>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis/mybatis -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
        <version>3.4.6</version> 
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <version>5.1.47</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/junit/junit -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.12</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

创建模块 new module可以保证子模块也拥有父项目中导入的包

编写MyBatis核心配置文件(实际上就是JDBC中的配置文件)

  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<!--核心配置文件-->
<configuration>
    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useSSL=true&amp;  useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf8"/>
                <property name="username" value="root"/>
                <property name="password" value="123qwe"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>
  <!--每一个Mapper.xml都必须在Mybatis核心配置文件中注册-->
  <mappers>
      <mapper resource="com/kuang/dao/UserMapper.xml"/>
  </mappers>
</configuration>

编写MyBatis工具类(实际上就是得到JDBC里的connection对象)

package com.kuang.utils;

import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

public class mybatis_utils {
    private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
    static{
        try {
            //获取sqlSessionFactory对象
            String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
            InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
            sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    //获取SqlSession连接
    public static SqlSession getSqlSession(){
        return sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
    }
}

编写代码

实体类(idea中可使用Fn+Alt+Insert快捷键)

package com.kuang.pojo;

//实体类
public class User {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String pwd;

    public User() {
    }

    public User(int id, String name, String pwd) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.pwd = pwd;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getPwd() {
        return pwd;
    }

    public void setPwd(String pwd) {
        this.pwd = pwd;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", pwd='" + pwd + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

DAO接口

package com.kuang.dao;

import com.kuang.pojo.User;
import java.util.List;

public interface Mapper {
    //查询全部用户的方法
    List<User> getUserList();
    //根据ID查询用户的方法
    User getUserById(int id);
    //插入(删除，修改)一个用户的方法
    int addUser(User user);
}

接口实现类(其实是个Mapper配置文件)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!--namespace绑定一个对应的Dao/Mapper接口-->
<mapper namespace="com.kuang.dao.Mapper">
    <!--查询所有用户-->
<select id="getUserList" resultType="com.kuang.pojo.User">
    select * from mybatis.user
</select>
    <!--根据ID查询用户-->
<select id="getUserById" parameterType="int" resultType="com.kuang.pojo.User">
    select * from mybatis.user where id=#{id}
</select>
    <!--插入一个用户-->
<insert id="addUser" parameterType="com.kuang.pojo.User">
    insert into mybatis.user(id, name, pwd) values(#{id},#{name},#{pwd})
</insert>
</mapper>

测试(使用Junit测试) 注意:增删改都需要提交事务

package com.kuang.dao;

import com.kuang.pojo.User;
import com.kuang.utils.mybatis_utils;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.util.List;

public class MapperTest {
    @Test
    public void testGetUserList(){
        //1.获取sqlSession对象
        SqlSession sqlSession= mybatis_utils.getSqlSession();
        //2.执行sql语句
        Mapper mapper=sqlSession.getMapper(Mapper.class);
        List<User> userList=mapper.getUserList();
        for (User user : userList) {
            System.out.println(user);
        }
        //3.关闭sqlSession
        sqlSession.close();
    }
    @Test
    public void testGetUserById(){
        //1.获取sqlSession对象
        SqlSession sqlSession= mybatis_utils.getSqlSession();
        //2.执行sql语句
        Mapper mapper=sqlSession.getMapper(Mapper.class);//返回接口
        User user=mapper.getUserById(1);//使用接口执行方法 实际就是执行接口实现类中的sql语句
        System.out.println(user);
        //3.关闭sqlSession
        sqlSession.close();
    }
    //敲黑板了:增删改需要提交事务
    @Test
    public void testAddUser(){
        //1.获取sqlSession对象
        SqlSession sqlSession= mybatis_utils.getSqlSession();
        //2.执行sql语句
        Mapper mapper=sqlSession.getMapper(Mapper.class);
        int res=mapper.addUser(new User(4,"萤火","123qwe"));
        if(res>0){
            System.out.println("插入成功");
        }
        //3.提交事务
        sqlSession.commit();
        //4.关闭sqlSession
        sqlSession.close();
    }
}

注意点

第一个错误:org.apache.ibatis.binding.BindingException: Type interface com.kuang.dao.Mapper is not known to the MapperRegistry.
解决方案:在MyBatis核心配置文件中进行注册
<!--每一个Mapper.xml都必须在Mybatis核心配置文件中注册-->
<mappers>
    <mapper resource="com/kuang/dao/UserMapper.xml"/>
</mappers>
========================================================================================================
第二个错误:java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError或者java.io.IOException: Could not find resource mybatis-config.xml   Maven静态资源过滤问题  
解决方案:进行Maven资源过滤 放在pom.xml配置文件中 【需要注意以下代码有时需要改动exclude中内容 比如<exclude>/*.xml</exclude> 需要看自己文件具体在哪里】
<build>
    <!--在build中导入resources，防止资源导出失败-->
    <resources>
        <resource>
            <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
            <excludes>
                <exclude>**/*.properties</exclude>
                <exclude>**/*.xml</exclude>
            </excludes>
            <filtering>false</filtering>
        </resource>
        <resource>
            <directory>src/main/java</directory>
            <includes>
                <include>**/*.properties</include>
                <include>**/*.xml</include>
            </includes>
            <filtering>false</filtering>
        </resource>
    </resources>
</build>