手动创建数据库是DBA们经常遇到的情形,因为有些情况下无法提供GUI环境。实际上手动建库,只要设置好了相关的参数或值,也是非常方便的。本文基于Oracle 11g首先描述了手动建库的大致步骤并给出示例演示。最后提供了一个shell脚本直接执行来实现手动建库。在执行前该脚本可根据你的路径进行适当的修改。
一、手动建库大致步骤
设置环境变量.bash_profile
创建参数文件(位置:$ORACLE_HOME/dbs)
创建目录结构
执行建库脚本
二、手动创建数据库
- 1、设置环境变量.bash_profile
- --确保至少包含下列环境变量,对于已经安装好Oracle Database software的情形下,实际上可以跳过此步骤
- $ vi .bash_profile
- export ORACLE_SID=catadb
- export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
- export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/db_1
- export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH
- export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
- export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
- export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
- 2、创建参数文件(位置:$ORACLE_HOME/dbs)
- [oracle@linux1 dbs]$ export ORACLE_SID=catadb
- [oracle@linux1 ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
- [oracle@linux1 dbs]$ grep -v \# init.ora >init$ORACLE_SID.ora
- [oracle@linux1 dbs]$ more initcatadb.ora
- db_name='catadb'
- memory_target=512M
- processes = 150
- audit_file_dest='/u03/uat/catadb/adump'
- audit_trail ='db'
- db_block_size=8192
- db_domain=''
- db_recovery_file_dest='/u03/uat/catadb/fr_area'
- db_recovery_file_dest_size=2G
- diagnostic_dest='/u03/uat/catadb'
- dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=ORCLXDB)'
- open_cursors=300
- remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
- undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
- control_files = ('/u03/uat/catadb/oradata/catadb01.ctl','/u03/uat/catadb/oradata/catadb02.ctl')
- compatible ='11.2.0'
- 3、创建目录结构
- [oracle@linux1 ~]$ mkdir -p /u03/uat/catadb
- [oracle@linux1 dbs]$ cd /u03/uat/catadb
- [oracle@linux1 catadb]$ mkdir adump diag fr_area oradata
- 4、执行建库脚本
- [oracle@linux1 catadb]$ more create_catadb.sql
- create database catadb
- maxlogfiles 5
- maxlogmembers 5
- maxdatafiles 100
- maxinstances 1
- logfile
- group 1 ('/u03/uat/catadb/oradata/redo1.log') size 10m,
- group 2 ('/u03/uat/catadb/oradata/redo2.log') size 10m,
- group 3 ('/u03/uat/catadb/oradata/redo3.log') size 10m
- datafile
- '/u03/uat/catadb/oradata/system.dbf' size 200m reuse
- sysaux datafile '/u03/uat/catadb/oradata/sysaux.dbf' size 100m
- default tablespace user
- datafile '/u03/uat/catadb/oradata/userdata.dbf' size 100m
- undo tablespace undotbs1
- datafile '/u03/uat/catadb/oradata/undo1.dbf' size 100m
- default temporary tablespace temp1
- tempfile '/u03/uat/catadb/oradata/temp01.dbf'
- size 100m reuse
- character set al32utf8
- ;
- idle> @/u03/uat/catadb/create_catadb.sql
- Database created.
- --添加数据字典
- idle> edit /u03/uat/catadb/post_create_catadb.sql
- @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql
- @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql
- conn system/manager
- @$ORACLE_HOME/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql
- idle> @/u03/uat/catadb/post_create_catadb.sql
- system@CATADB> select name,open_mode from v$database;
- NAME OPEN_MODE
- --------- --------------------
- CATADB READ WRITE
三、手动建库脚本
--下面将上述动作进行了一个整理,全部封装到shell脚本来执行,输入密码,坐着喝咖啡吧!
下载脚本:Oracle 11g R2 手动建库脚本