LayoutInflater源码分析

为什么要看这个类的源码呢 ？是因为在使用RecyclerView时，对Item进行getLayoutParams操作时，报了空指针异常。通过对源码的分析，才知道问题是出在了是否正确的使用了LayoutInflater。这是一个比较冷门的问题，也是一个比较容易被忽略的问题。但是我们每次将布局转化成View时，都会使用到这个类，所以想要好好分析一下，顺便记录下来，加深自己的理解和记忆，同时也希望可以帮助到其他的人。

首先我们来看一下出问题的代码：

看源码，首先从最常用的方法开始看，其实也可以说，就看常用的方法就够了。所以我们要从inflate()的源码开始看起。
// TODO 补充：源代码的位置
在LayoutInflater.java中，一共有4个重载的inflate(),我们一个一个慢慢的看。

// 第一个
/**
     * Inflate a new view hierarchy from the specified xml resource. Throws
     * {@link InflateException} if there is an error.
     *
     * @param resource ID for an XML layout resource to load (e.g.,
     *        <code>R.layout.main_page</code>)
     * @param root Optional view to be the parent of the generated hierarchy.
     * @return The root View of the inflated hierarchy. If root was supplied,
     *         this is the root View; otherwise it is the root of the inflated
     *         XML file.
     */
 public View inflate(@LayoutRes int resource, @Nullable ViewGroup root) {
        return inflate(resource, root, root != null);
    }


// 第二个
 /**
     * Inflate a new view hierarchy from the specified xml node. Throws
     * {@link InflateException} if there is an error. *
     * <p>
     * <em><strong>Important</strong></em>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;For performance
     * reasons, view inflation relies heavily on pre-processing of XML files
     * that is done at build time. Therefore, it is not currently possible to
     * use LayoutInflater with an XmlPullParser over a plain XML file at runtime.
     *
     * @param parser XML dom node containing the description of the view
     *        hierarchy.
     * @param root Optional view to be the parent of the generated hierarchy.
     * @return The root View of the inflated hierarchy. If root was supplied,
     *         this is the root View; otherwise it is the root of the inflated
     *         XML file.
     */
    public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, @Nullable ViewGroup root) {
        return inflate(parser, root, root != null);
    }

可以看到，第一个inflate(resource,root)是两个参数的inflate，它实际上是调用了三个参数的inflate(int resource, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot)。第二个inflate(parser,root)的第一个参数是XmlPullParser，它调用的是三个参数的inflate(XmlPullParser parser, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot)。开始分析第三个inflate

//第三个
 /**
     * Inflate a new view hierarchy from the specified xml resource. Throws
     * {@link InflateException} if there is an error.
     *
     * @param resource ID for an XML layout resource to load (e.g.,
     *        <code>R.layout.main_page</code>)
     * @param root Optional view to be the parent of the generated hierarchy (if
     *        <em>attachToRoot</em> is true), or else simply an object that
     *        provides a set of LayoutParams values for root of the returned
     *        hierarchy (if <em>attachToRoot</em> is false.)
     * @param attachToRoot Whether the inflated hierarchy should be attached to
     *        the root parameter? If false, root is only used to create the
     *        correct subclass of LayoutParams for the root view in the XML.
     * @return The root View of the inflated hierarchy. If root was supplied and
     *         attachToRoot is true, this is root; otherwise it is the root of
     *         the inflated XML file.
     */
public View inflate(@LayoutRes int resource, @Nullable ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot) {
        final Resources res = getContext().getResources();
        if (DEBUG) {
            Log.d(TAG, "INFLATING from resource: \"" + res.getResourceName(resource) + "\" ("
                    + Integer.toHexString(resource) + ")");
        }

        // 把resource转化为parser 
        final XmlResourceParser parser = res.getLayout(resource);
        try {
            return inflate(parser, root, attachToRoot);
        } finally {
            parser.close();
        }
    }

查看源码发现，这个方法调用了三个参数的inflate(XmlPullParser parser, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot)。现在来重点分析这个方法：

public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, @Nullable ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot) {
        synchronized (mConstructorArgs) {
            Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW, "inflate");

            final Context inflaterContext = mContext;
            final AttributeSet attrs = Xml.asAttributeSet(parser);
            Context lastContext = (Context) mConstructorArgs[0];
            mConstructorArgs[0] = inflaterContext;
            View result = root;

            try {
                // Look for the root node.
                int type;
                while ((type = parser.next()) != XmlPullParser.START_TAG &&
                        type != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {
                    // Empty
                }

                if (type != XmlPullParser.START_TAG) {
                    throw new InflateException(parser.getPositionDescription()
                            + ": No start tag found!");
                }

                final String name = parser.getName();

                if (DEBUG) {
                    System.out.println("**************************");
                    System.out.println("Creating root view: "
                            + name);
                    System.out.println("**************************");
                }

                if (TAG_MERGE.equals(name)) {
                    if (root == null || !attachToRoot) {
                        throw new InflateException("<merge /> can be used only with a valid "
                                + "ViewGroup root and attachToRoot=true");
                    }

                    rInflate(parser, root, inflaterContext, attrs, false);
                } else {
                    // Temp is the root view that was found in the xml
                    final View temp = createViewFromTag(root, name, inflaterContext, attrs);

                    ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = null;

                    if (root != null) {
                        if (DEBUG) {
                            System.out.println("Creating params from root: " +
                                    root);
                        }
                        // Create layout params that match root, if supplied
                        params = root.generateLayoutParams(attrs);
                        if (!attachToRoot) {
                            // Set the layout params for temp if we are not
                            // attaching. (If we are, we use addView, below)
                            temp.setLayoutParams(params);
                        }
                    }

                    if (DEBUG) {
                        System.out.println("-----> start inflating children");
                    }

                    // Inflate all children under temp against its context.
                    rInflateChildren(parser, temp, attrs, true);

                    if (DEBUG) {
                        System.out.println("-----> done inflating children");
                    }

                    // We are supposed to attach all the views we found (int temp)
                    // to root. Do that now.
                    if (root != null && attachToRoot) {
                        root.addView(temp, params);
                    }

                    // Decide whether to return the root that was passed in or the
                    // top view found in xml.
                    if (root == null || !attachToRoot) {
                        result = temp;
                    }
                }

            } catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
                final InflateException ie = new InflateException(e.getMessage(), e);
                ie.setStackTrace(EMPTY_STACK_TRACE);
                throw ie;
            } catch (Exception e) {
                final InflateException ie = new InflateException(parser.getPositionDescription()
                        + ": " + e.getMessage(), e);
                ie.setStackTrace(EMPTY_STACK_TRACE);
                throw ie;
            } finally {
                // Don't retain static reference on context.
                mConstructorArgs[0] = lastContext;
                mConstructorArgs[1] = null;

                Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW);
            }

            return result;
        }
    }

在从上往下查看源码的过程中，我们看到了这样一句话：
params = root.generateLayoutParams(attrs);咦，我们的问题就是出在params上，params报空，因此我们往上看，看到了这一句： if (root != null) 原来问题出在了root上，查看我们出问题的代码，（写出出问题的代码）
再往下看：

 if (!attachToRoot) {
                            // Set the layout params for temp if we are not
                            // attaching. (If we are, we use addView, below)
                            temp.setLayoutParams(params);
                        }

也就是说，只有attachToRoot = false 时，才会将params设置到temp上去。