Java字节码操作以及JAVAssist类库
一、字节码操作概述
- JAVA动态性的两种常见实现方式
- 字节码操作
- 反射
- 运行时操作字节码可以让我们实现如下功能
- 动态生成新的类
- 动态改变某个类的结构(添加/删除/修改/添加新的属性/方法)
- 优势
- 比反射开销小、性能高
- 常见的字节码操作类库
- BCEL
- ASM
- CGLIB
- JAVAssist
二、JAVAssist
- 概述
- JAVAssist的最外层的API和java的反射包中的API类似
- 它主要由CtClass,CtMethod,以及CtField几个类组成。用以执行和JDK反射中API中java.lang.Class,java.lang.Method,java.lang.Method.Field相同的操作
- 生成新的类
ClassPool pool = ClassPool.getDefault();
CtClass cc = pool.makeClass("com.bjsxt.bean.Emp");
//创建属性
CtField f1 = CtField.make("private int empno;", cc);
CtField f2 = CtField.make("private String ename;", cc);
cc.addField(f1);
cc.addField(f2);
//创建方法
CtMethod m1 = CtMethod.make("public int getEmpno(){return empno;}", cc);
CtMethod m2 = CtMethod.make("public void setEmpno(int empno){this.empno=empno;}", cc);
cc.addMethod(m1);
cc.addMethod(m2);
//添加构造器
CtConstructor constructor = new CtConstructor(new CtClass[]{CtClass.intType,pool.get("java.lang.String")}, cc);
constructor.setBody("{this.empno=empno; this.ename=ename;}");
cc.addConstructor(constructor);
cc.writeFile("c:/myjava"); //将上面构造好的类写入到c:/myjava中
System.out.println("生成类,成功!");
-
JAVAssist库的API详解
public class Demo02 { /** * 处理类的基本用法 * @throws Exception */ public static void test01() throws Exception{ ClassPool pool = ClassPool.getDefault(); CtClass cc = pool.get("全类名"); byte[] bytes = cc.toBytecode(); System.out.println(Arrays.toString(bytes)); System.out.println(cc.getName()); //获取类名 System.out.println(cc.getSimpleName()); //获取简要类名 System.out.println(cc.getSuperclass()); //获得父类 System.out.println(cc.getInterfaces()); //获得接口 } /** * 测试产生新的方法 * @throws Exception */ public static void test02() throws Exception{ ClassPool pool = ClassPool.getDefault(); CtClass cc = pool.get("com.bjsxt.test.Emp"); // CtMethod m = CtNewMethod.make("public int add(int a,int b){return a+b;}", cc); CtMethod m = new CtMethod(CtClass.intType,"add", new CtClass[]{CtClass.intType,CtClass.intType},cc); m.setModifiers(Modifier.PUBLIC); m.setBody("{System.out.println(\"www.sxt.cn\");return $1+$2;}"); cc.addMethod(m); //通过反射调用新生成的方法 Class clazz = cc.toClass(); Object obj = clazz.newInstance(); //通过调用Emp无参构造器,创建新的Emp对象 Method method = clazz.getDeclaredMethod("add", int.class,int.class); Object result = method.invoke(obj, 200,300); System.out.println(result); } /** * 修改已有的方法的信息,修改方法体的内容 * @throws Exception */ public static void test03() throws Exception{ ClassPool pool = ClassPool.getDefault(); CtClass cc = pool.get("com.bjsxt.test.Emp"); CtMethod cm = cc.getDeclaredMethod("sayHello",new CtClass[]{CtClass.intType}); cm.insertBefore("System.out.println($1);System.out.println(\"start!!!\");"); cm.insertAt(9, "int b=3;System.out.println(\"b=\"+b);"); cm.insertAfter("System.out.println(\"end!!!\");"); //通过反射调用新生成的方法 Class clazz = cc.toClass(); Object obj = clazz.newInstance(); //通过调用Emp无参构造器,创建新的Emp对象 Method method = clazz.getDeclaredMethod("sayHello", int.class); method.invoke(obj, 300); } /** * 属性的操作 * @throws Exception */ public static void test04() throws Exception{ ClassPool pool = ClassPool.getDefault(); CtClass cc = pool.get("com.bjsxt.test.Emp"); // CtField f1 = CtField.make("private int empno;", cc); CtField f1 = new CtField(CtClass.intType,"salary",cc); f1.setModifiers(Modifier.PRIVATE); cc.addField(f1); // cc.getDeclaredField("ename"); //获取指定的属性 //增加相应的set和get方法 cc.addMethod(CtNewMethod.getter("getSalary", f1));; cc.addMethod(CtNewMethod.getter("setSalary", f1));; } /** * 构造方法的操作 * @throws Exception */ public static void test05() throws Exception { ClassPool pool = ClassPool.getDefault(); CtClass cc = pool.get("com.bjsxt.test.Emp"); CtConstructor[] cs = cc.getConstructors(); for (CtConstructor c : cs) { System.out.println(c.getLongName()); } } public static void test06() throws Exception{ CtClass cc = ClassPool.getDefault().get("com.bjsxt.test.Emp"); Object[] all = cc.getAnnotations(); Author a = (Author)all[0]; String name = a.name(); int year = a.year(); System.out.println("name: " + name + ", year: " + year); } public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { test06(); } }