Android单元测试2-工具

Android测试官方指导文档主要在两个地方:

http://developer.android.com/

1 . Tools-->Workflow--->Testing

2. Training-->Best Practices For Testing

主要说明了以下几个类：

1. TestCase

    JUnit的测试类

2.AndroidTestCase

   类似TestCase, 提供了一个获取Android Context的方法。

3. ActivityUnitTestCase

  独立测试Activity, 控制其生命周期等

4. ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2

  Activity的功能测试， 可以发送按键事件， 可以联合测试多个Activity

5. ServiceTestCase

  测试Service

6. ProviderTestCase2 

  测试 Content providers

###########  分割线 ##############

TestCase的用法:

public class CalculateTest extends TestCase {

	protected void setUp() throws Exception {
		super.setUp();
	}

	public void testAdd() {
		Calculate cal = new Calculate();
		int ret = cal.add(10, 20);
		
		System.out.println("ret = "+ret);
		
		assertEquals(30, ret);
		
	}
	
	protected void tearDown() throws Exception {
		super.tearDown();
	}

}

AndroidTeseCase的用法:

public class CalculateAndroidTest extends AndroidTestCase {

	private View mainView;
	private TextView text;
	
	@Override
	protected void setUp() throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		super.setUp();
		
		final Context context = getContext();
        final LayoutInflater inflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
        mainView = (ViewGroup) inflater.inflate(R.layout.activity_main, null);
        
        text = (TextView) mainView.findViewById(R.id.test_text);
        
	}

	@Override
	protected void tearDown() throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		super.tearDown();
	}

	public void testSetTextView() {
		assertNotNull(text);
		
		text.setText("aaa");
	}
	
	
	
	@Override
	public void testAndroidTestCaseSetupProperly() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		super.testAndroidTestCaseSetupProperly();
	}

	
}

ActivityUnitTestCase的用法:

public class CalculateAndroidUnitTest extends ActivityUnitTestCase<MainActivity> {

	private Intent mStartIntent;
	
	public CalculateAndroidUnitTest() {
		super(MainActivity.class);
	}

	@Override
	protected void setUp() throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		super.setUp();
		
		System.out.println("setUp ------");
		
		mStartIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_MAIN);
	}

	@MediumTest
    public void testPreconditions() {
		System.out.println("testPreconditions ------");
		
        startActivity(mStartIntent, null, null);
        
        assertNotNull(getActivity());
    }
	
	@Override
	protected void tearDown() throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		super.tearDown();
		
		System.out.println("tearDown ------");
	}
	
	@MediumTest
	public void testLifeCycleCreate() {
		MainActivity activity = startActivity(mStartIntent, null, null);
        
        // At this point, onCreate() has been called, but nothing else
        // Complete the startup of the activity
        getInstrumentation().callActivityOnStart(activity);
        
        getInstrumentation().callActivityOnResume(activity);
        
        // At this point you could test for various configuration aspects, or you could 
        // use a Mock Context to confirm that your activity has made certain calls to the system
        // and set itself up properly.
        
        getInstrumentation().callActivityOnPause(activity);
        
        // At this point you could confirm that the activity has paused properly, as if it is
        // no longer the topmost activity on screen.
        
        getInstrumentation().callActivityOnStop(activity);
	}
	
	

}

ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2的用法:

public class Focus2ActivityTest extends ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2<Focus2> {

    private Button mLeftButton;
    private Button mCenterButton;
    private Button mRightButton;

    /**
     * Creates an {@link ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2} that tests the {@link Focus2} activity.
     */
    public Focus2ActivityTest() {
        super(Focus2.class);
    }

    @Override
    protected void setUp() throws Exception {
        super.setUp();
        final Focus2 a = getActivity();
        // ensure a valid handle to the activity has been returned
        assertNotNull(a);
        mLeftButton = (Button) a.findViewById(R.id.leftButton);
        mCenterButton = (Button) a.findViewById(R.id.centerButton);
        mRightButton = (Button) a.findViewById(R.id.rightButton);
    }

    /**
     * The name 'test preconditions' is a convention to signal that if this
     * test doesn't pass, the test case was not set up properly and it might
     * explain any and all failures in other tests.  This is not guaranteed
     * to run before other tests, as junit uses reflection to find the tests.
     */
    @MediumTest
    public void testPreconditions() {
        assertTrue("center button should be right of left button",
                mLeftButton.getRight() < mCenterButton.getLeft());
        assertTrue("right button should be right of center button",
                mCenterButton.getRight() < mRightButton.getLeft());
        assertTrue("left button should be focused", mLeftButton.isFocused());
    }

    @MediumTest
    public void testGoingRightFromLeftButtonJumpsOverCenterToRight() {
        sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_RIGHT);
        assertTrue("right button should be focused", mRightButton.isFocused());
    }

    @MediumTest
    public void testGoingLeftFromRightButtonGoesToCenter()  {
        // Give right button focus by having it request focus.  We post it
        // to the UI thread because we are not running on the same thread, and
        // any direct api calls that change state must be made from the UI thread.
        // This is in contrast to instrumentation calls that send events that are
        // processed through the framework and eventually find their way to
        // affecting the ui thread.
        getActivity().runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
            public void run() {
                mRightButton.requestFocus();
            }
        });
        // wait for the request to go through
        getInstrumentation().waitForIdleSync();

        assertTrue(mRightButton.isFocused());

        sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_LEFT);
        assertTrue("center button should be focused", mCenterButton.isFocused());
    }
}