学习java线程的时候,看到生产者与消费者例子,有感而发。
下面是模拟汽车生产商和顾客(权当消费者可以直接从厂家买到汽车),废话不说,上代码。
package com.zx.thread.work;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
/**
* 我们模拟一个生产者和消费者购买汽车的例子
*
* @author maping
*
*/
public class ProducerAndConsumer {
//厂家存放汽车的车间
private static List<Car> cars = new ArrayList<Car>();
static void test(int producers, int consumers) {
ExecutorService exec = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
for (int i = 0; i < producers; i++) {
// 上海大众的producers个分厂分别生产了100台polo车
exec.execute(new CarProducer("上海大众", cars, 100, i));
}
for (int i = 0; i < consumers; i++) {
// 消费者张三的consumers亲戚分别买10台polo
exec.execute(new CarConsumer("张三", cars, 10, i));
}
exec.shutdown();
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws FileNotFoundException {
test(100, 1000);
}
}
/**
汽车类
*/
class Car {
private String name = "polo";
private int id;
private CarProducer producer;
public Car() {
}
public Car(CarProducer producer, String name, int id) {
this.producer = producer;
this.name = name;
this.id = id;
}
public String toString() {
return this.producer.getName() + "#" + this.producer.getId() + "#"
+ this.getClass().getSimpleName() + "#" + name + "#" + id;
}
}
/*
汽车制造厂商
*/
class CarProducer implements Runnable {
private int count;
private List<Car> cars;
private String name;
private int id;
public CarProducer(String name, List<Car> cars, int count, int id) {
this.name = name;
this.cars = cars;
this.count = count;
this.id = id;
}
public void addCar(int ids) {
System.out.println(this.name + "#" + id + ">>开始生产汽车" + ids);
//此处同步cars,如果使用BlockingQueue,则无需同步代码
synchronized (cars) {
cars.add(new Car(this, name, ids));
//车间里面有了刚刚制造好的汽车,那么就可以通知消费者来买了
cars.notifyAll();
}
}
public void run() {
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
this.addCar(i);
}
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
}
/**
消费者
*/
class CarConsumer implements Runnable {
private List<Car> cars;
private int count;
private String name;
private int id;
public CarConsumer(String name, List<Car> cars, int count, int id) {
this.name = name;
this.cars = cars;
this.count = count;
this.id = id;
}
public void buyCar() throws InterruptedException {
//消费者购买汽车时,锁定汽车对象
synchronized (cars) {
System.out.println(name + "#" + id + ">>" + "开始选车");
int waitTime = 10 * 1000;
//消费者刚刚来到汽车存放的车间时,如果发现
//车间还没有汽车,那么他只能等待,这里设置了超时时间,如果
//超过指定时间,则一气走之,相当于抛出异常了
while (cars.isEmpty()) {
System.out.println("[" + name + "#" + id + "]当前车缺货,等待"
+ waitTime + "毫秒");
wait(waitTime);
}
//有汽车来了,则个时候就可以买汽车了
Car car = cars.remove(0);
System.out.println("[" + name + "#" + id + "]" + "买到车了" + car);
System.out.println("***************************");
System.err.println("当前库存为\n" + cars.size());
}
}
public void run() {
while (count-- > 0) {
try {
buyCar();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
这段代码在生产者线程制造的汽车数>=消费者线程购买的汽车数时,没有任何问题,当反之的时候,就会由于
等待制造商生产汽车,而此时制造商或许不再制造汽车了,那么就会抛出异常。
我在思考,比如MQ的消息队列是怎么做到那么高效率呢