C++版数据结构课程设计（一元多项式）

原文见http://best.xiao.blog.163.com

 

#include<iostream.h>#include<stdlib.h> void menuupdown();       //声明菜单的某个部分class xiang{ private: double valuea;  //声明系数 double valueb;  //声明指数 double corp;  //在做和是只是是否计算过 xiang * next;   //指向下一个元素的地址 public: xiang(double ax,double bx)  //有参数构造函数，主要用于生成临时一元多项式的项和头指针 {    valuea=ax;  valueb=bx;  corp=0;  next=NULL; } xiang()      //无参数构造函数，主要用于生成一元多项式时使用 {     cin>>valuea>>valueb;   corp=0;   next=NULL; } friend class caozuo;   //声明类caozuo为类xiang的友元类};void banquan(){  cout<<endl<<"/tThis programme made by Xiaodong. QQ:190675894"<<endl; cout<<endl<<"/tInner Mongolia University of Science and Technology"<<endl; cout<<endl<<"/t内蒙古科技大学 计算机科学与技术系"<<endl;}//end of class xiang//---------------------------------------------------------------//begin of class caozuoclass caozuo{private: xiang * head,*record;    //定义head指向头指针，定义record记录链表最后指针位置，并用于链接链表public: caozuo();       //声明caozuo函数，用于生成链表头 xiang * gethead();     //取出多项式的头地址 void creat();      //声明creat函数，用于生成链表，即输入多项式 xiang* addsame(xiang* atemp);  //声明函数，主要将单个多项式中相同的项相加 caozuo operator * (caozuo lasts); //声明函数，重载+符号用于多项式相加 void show(xiang * show);   //声明函数，显示多项式 caozuo operator + (caozuo lasts); //声明函数，重载*符号用于多项式相乘};//end of class caozuo//---------------------------------------------------------------//begin of function caozuo() in class caozuocaozuo::caozuo()      //caozuo构造函数实现过程 {  head= new xiang(0,0);   //使head指向头结点  record=head;     //record初始化指向头指针 }//end of function caozuo in class caozuo//---------------------------------------------------------------//begin of function gethead() in class caozuoxiang * caozuo::gethead()    //gethead函数实现过程 {  return head;     //返回头指针 }//end of function gethead() in class caozuo//---------------------------------------------------------------//begin of function creat() in class caozuovoid caozuo::creat()     //creat函数实现过程 {  int i,j;  cout<<"请输入多项式项数:"<<endl;  ::menuupdown();     //显示一长串---------  cout<<endl;  cin>>j;   for(i=1;i<=j;i++)    { // 依次输入m个非零项     cout<<"输入第"<<i<<"非零项(系数 指数)"<<endl;    xiang * p=new xiang;    record->next=p;   //以下两句是使链表相连    record=p;    //   } }//end of function creat() in class caozuo//---------------------------------------------------------------//begin of function addsame in class caozuoxiang* caozuo::addsame(xiang* atemp) {  xiang * h=atemp; //声明的h指针，指向待检查的项  xiang * h1=atemp;  //声明h1指针，指向被比较的项  xiang * htemp;   //用作删除项  while(h1->next)     //使被检查项指针在h（待检查项）循环完毕后循环   {    htemp=h1;    if(h->next)     //若果h-next不为空，那么指向下一项     h=h->next;    else     h->next=NULL;    while(h->valueb==h1->valueb&&htemp->next)     //比较“待检查的项”系数与“被检查项”系数是否相等    {     h1->valuea=h1->valuea+h->valuea;   //相等的话使之相加，并把结果放到被检查项处     if(h->next)         //如果待检查项的下一项不为空，那么指向，即删除待检查项     {      htemp->next=h->next;      h=h->next;     }     else     {      htemp->next=NULL;      h->next=NULL;     }    }    if(h1->next)     h1=h1->next;    else     h1->next=NULL;   }  return atemp; }//end of function addsame in class caozuo//---------------------------------------------------------------//begin of function show in class caozuo void caozuo::show(xiang * show) {  int i=0;  if(show->next)     //忽略头指针   show=show->next;  //具体显示过程   while(show)   {    if(i>0&&show->valuea>0)   //如果不是第一项，那么在前面加上+符号     cout<<"+";     if(show->valuea==1)    //如果系数为1     if(show->valueb==1)   //如果指数为1      cout<<"X";     else      cout<<"X^"<<show->valueb;    else     if(show->valueb==1)      cout<<show->valuea<<"X";     else     cout<<show->valuea<<"X^"<<show->valueb;       show=show->next;     i=i+1;   }   cout<<endl; }//end of function show in class caozuo//---------------------------------------------------------------//begin of function operator * in class caozuocaozuo caozuo::operator * (caozuo lasts) {  xiang * last=lasts.gethead();   //声明last指向被乘对象的头指针   if(last->next)    last=last->next;   caozuo answer;      //声明定义临时answer对象，用于保存相乘结果   xiang * p=answer.gethead();   //p用于操作结果链表   xiang * headlast=last;    //headlast用于操作被乘链表   caozuo thistemp=*this;   xiang * headfirst=thistemp.gethead(); //取出乘号前的链表的头地址   if(headfirst->next)    headfirst=headfirst->next;   xiang * record=p;      //record用于链接结果链表   //相乘过程，两层循环遍历所有乘数   while(headfirst)   {       while(headlast)    {     double valueatemp,valuebtemp;     valueatemp=headfirst->valuea*headlast->valuea;     valuebtemp=headfirst->valueb*headlast->valueb;     xiang * temp=new xiang(valueatemp,valuebtemp);     record->next=temp;     record=temp;    headlast=headlast->next;    }    headlast=last;    headfirst=headfirst->next;   }   return answer;     //返回结果对象 }//end of function operator * in class caozuo//---------------------------------------------------------------//begin of function operator + in class caozuo  caozuo caozuo::operator + (caozuo lasts) {  xiang * last=lasts.gethead();   //声明last指向被加对象的头指针   if(last->next)    last=last->next;   caozuo answer;      //声明定义临时answer对象，用于保存相加结果   xiang * p=answer.gethead();  //p用于操作结果链   xiang * headlast=last;    //headlast用于操作被加链表   caozuo thistemp=*this;   xiang * headfirst=thistemp.gethead(); //取出加号前的链表的头地址   if(headfirst->next)    headfirst=headfirst->next;   xiang * record=p;      //record用于链接结果链表  //相加过程，两层循环遍历所有加数   while(headfirst)   {   double answertemp=0;   int flag=0;    while(headlast)    {          if(headlast->valueb==headfirst->valueb)   //如果两项指数相等     {      if(flag==0)         //如果是第一次执行      {      answertemp=headlast->valuea+headfirst->valuea;      flag=1;      }      else      {      answertemp=answertemp+headlast->valuea;      }      headlast->corp=1;     //记录第二多项式项已相加     }     headlast=headlast->next;    }     if(answertemp!=0)           //若果相加过，即两式中有相同指数的项存在    {      xiang * temp=new xiang(answertemp,headfirst->valueb);      record->next=temp;      record=temp;    }    else    {     xiang * temp=new xiang(headfirst->valuea,headfirst->valueb);     record->next=temp;     record=temp;    }     headlast=last;    headfirst=headfirst->next;   }  headlast=last;  while(headlast)  //再次在第二多项式里遍历，找corp为零的项，即此项未相加过  {   if(headlast->corp==0)   {     xiang * temp=new xiang(headlast->valuea,headlast->valueb);     record->next=temp;     record=temp;   }   if(headlast->next)    headlast=headlast->next;   else    headlast=NULL;  } return answer; }//end of function operator + in class caozuo//---------------------------------------------------------------//begin of function menuupdown in globalvoid menuupdown()      //显示15次━，用作菜单{ int i; for(i=0;i<15;i++) cout<<"━";}//end of function menuupdown in global//---------------------------------------------------------------//begin of function menu in globalvoid menu()           //菜单函数{ int i; for(i=0;i<2;i++) cout<<endl; menuupdown(); menuupdown(); banquan(); menuupdown(); menuupdown(); for(i=0;i<2;i++) cout<<endl; cout<<"/t/t/t"; cout<<"┏"; menuupdown(); cout<<"┓"<<endl; cout<<"/t/t/t┃/t/t/t/t┃"<<endl; cout<<"/t/t/t┃/t1,输入一元多项式。/t┃"<<endl; cout<<"/t/t/t┃/t2,输出一元多项式。/t┃"<<endl; cout<<"/t/t/t┃/t3,两多项式相加。/t┃"<<endl; cout<<"/t/t/t┃/t4,两多项式相乘。/t┃"<<endl; cout<<"/t/t/t┃/t5,退出。/t/t┃"<<endl; cout<<"/t/t/t┃/t/t/t/t┃"<<endl; cout<<"/t/t/t"; cout<<"┗"; menuupdown(); cout<<"┛"<<endl;}//end of function menu in global//---------------------------------------------------------------//begin of function main in globalvoid main(){ char inputchoose,YesOrNo;      //声明两变量 ，分别保存选项，是否退出 int select=0;     //标示是否已创建对象，如果已创建，则会赋值为1 caozuo news1;     //声明第一个操作多项式 caozuo news2;     //声明第二个操作多项式 caozuo answeradd;    //声明，用于相加后保存结果 caozuo answermultiply;    //声明，用于相乘后保存结果 xiang * heada; xiang * headb; xiang * mutiplytemp; do {  system("cls");    //清屏函数  menu();  cout<<"/n/n/n"<<endl<<"  请输入选择"<<endl;  menuupdown();  cout<<endl;  cin>>inputchoose;  switch(inputchoose)  {  case '1':     //调用创建过程   system("cls");   news1.creat();      news2.creat();   select=1;   heada=news1.gethead();    heada=news1.addsame(heada);   headb=news2.gethead();    headb=news2.addsame(headb);    system("pause");    //暂停函数，等待用户操作   break;  case '2':     //调用显示过程      if(select==1)   {   system("cls");   cout<<"/t多项式一为:/t";   cout<<"   ";   news1.show(heada);   menuupdown();   cout<<endl;   cout<<"/t多项式二为:/t";   cout<<"   ";   news2.show(headb);   }   else   {    cout<<"还没有创建对象!"<<endl;   }   system("pause");   break;  case '3':     //调用相加过程   if(select==1)   {   system("cls");    answeradd=news1+news2;   cout<<"   ";   cout<<"/t多项式和为:/t"<<endl;   menuupdown();   cout<<endl;   answeradd.show(answeradd.gethead());   }   else   {    cout<<"还没有创建对象!"<<endl;   }   system("pause");   break;  case '4':     //调用相乘过程      if(select==1)   {   system("cls");    answermultiply=news1*news2;   cout<<"   ";   cout<<"/t多项式积为:/t"<<endl;   menuupdown();   cout<<endl;   mutiplytemp=answermultiply.gethead();   mutiplytemp=answermultiply.addsame(mutiplytemp);   answermultiply.show(mutiplytemp);   }   else   {    cout<<"还没有创建对象!"<<endl;   }   system("pause");   break;  case '5':YesOrNo='N';break;  } }while(YesOrNo!='N'&&YesOrNo!='n');}//end main