MySQL 5.7.15 安装（二进制安装模式）

MySQL 5.7.1x 比以往版本安装有些不一样，第一次安装5.7，安装过程遇到挺多小问题，现简单总结安装过程如下。

这次安装的是 mysql-5.7.16-linux-glibc2.5-i686.tar.gz，更多下载参考MySQL 安装（二进制安装模式），

 

安装相关包（依赖包自动安装）：

yum -y install gcc glibc libaio libstdc++ libstdc libncurses ld-linux

配置文件：

# vi /etc/my.cnf
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
user=mysql
port = 3306
server_id = 1
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
basedir =/usr/local/mysql
datadir =/usr/local/mysql/data
#log-bin=/usr/local/mysql/binlog/mysql-bin
log-error =/var/log/mysql/mysqld.log
pid-file =/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket =/tmp/mysql.sock  

autocommit = 1
character_set_server=utf8
default-storage-engine=INNODB
transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED
event_scheduler = 1
lower_case_table_names=1
max_allowed_packet = 16777216
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = 1
#binlog_format = row 
skip-external-locking

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysql/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

# 官网安装参考

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/binary-installation.html

shell> groupadd mysql
shell> useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql
shell> cd /usr/local
shell> tar zxvf /path/to/mysql-VERSION-OS.tar.gz
shell> ln -s full-path-to-mysql-VERSION-OS mysql
shell> cd mysql
shell> mkdir mysql-files
shell> chmod 750 mysql-files
shell> chown -R mysql .
shell> chgrp -R mysql .
shell> scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql# MySQL 5.7.0 to 5.7.4
shell> bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql    # MySQL 5.7.5
shell> bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql # MySQL 5.7.6 and up
shell> bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup              # MySQL 5.7.6 and up
shell> chown -R root .
shell> chown -R mysql data mysql-files
shell> bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
# Next command is optional
shell> cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql.server

创建相关信息：

groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql

mkdir -p /var/{run/mysqld,log/mysql} /usr/local/mysql/{data,binlog}
chmod 700 /var/{run/mysqld,log/mysql} /usr/local/mysql/{data,binlog}
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/ /var/{run/mysqld,log/mysql}

安装：

shell> bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --initialize --user=mysql --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp

[root@centos224 mysql]# bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --initialize --user=mysql --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp  
2016-11-22T14:14:53.799055Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2016-11-22T14:14:54.208059Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2016-11-22T14:14:54.371661Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, 
	so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. 
	Generating a new UUID: 0a41777d-b0be-11e6-b802-000c29b81537.
2016-11-22T14:14:54.405756Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2016-11-22T14:14:54.417890Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: AbC#c*hiy0bl
[root@centos224 mysql]# 

注意：数据库账号 root@localhost 的密码自动随机生成 AbC#c*hiy0bl  （如上所示），登录后要求必须先改密码（也可查看日志信息）。

 

同样注意 bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf 这一行的变量顺序， 否则会报错： unknown variable 'defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf'

 

配置服务：

# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
# chkconfig mysqld on

# service mysqld start
# service mysqld restart
# service mysqld stop

添加环境变量：

# vi /etc/profile
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin

# source /etc/profile

访问数据库：

# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:AbC#c*hiy0bl

如果访问忘记密码，错误如下：

# mysql
# mysqladmin -u root password "mysql" 

ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)

解决：

# service mysqld stop
# cd /usr/local/mysql/bin
# mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables &

--（再打开另一命令行窗口，直接访问数据库并设置密码）
# source /etc/profile
# mysql -u root
mysql> 
mysql> select Host,User from mysql.user;
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'mysql';
mysql> flush privileges;

MySQL 8.0 二进制包部署：

》》》MySQL 8.0 二进制包部署：

# rpm -qa | grep mysql
# rpm -qa | grep mariadb
# yum -y remove mariadb-libs-*
  
#deploy mysql software
groupadd mysql && useradd -m -d /usr/local/mysql -g mysql mysql
tar -zxvf /tmp/mysql-8.0.19-el7-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/mysql --strip-components 1
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin' >> /etc/bashrc
source /etc/bashrc


》》》创建新的MySQL实例：
#Create mysql data dir for a instance
mkdir -p /u1/mysql/{data,etc,tmp,log,log/binlog,log/relaylog}
chown -R mysql:mysql /u1/mysql
su mysql
 
#Create mysql configuration file
vi /u1/mysql/etc/my.cnf
 
#Initialize mysql
mysqld --defaults-file=/u1/mysql/etc/my.cnf --initialize
 
#Start mysql service
mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/u1/mysql/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql &
 
#Login mysql and change password for root
mypwd=`cat /u1/mysql/log/error.log  | grep "temporary password" | awk '{print $NF}'`
mysql -hlocalhost -P3306 -uroot -p"${mypwd}" -S /u1/mysql/tmp/mysql.sock
 
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH caching_sha2_password BY 'XXXXXXXXXXX'; --new password for root!
select user,host,plugin,password_last_changed from mysql.user;
 
 
#Shutdown mysql service
#mysqladmin -hlocalhost -P3306 -uroot -p -S /u1/mysql/tmp/mysql.sock shutdown