MySQL8安装

MySQL8安装

1.部署前环境配置

#关闭操作系统防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld && systemctl disable firewalld

#关闭操作系统selinux，修改/etc/selinux/config中SELINUX=disabled
sed -ri "s/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g" /etc/selinux/config
setenforce=0 #只对当前登录有效

#修改操作系统打开文件数，在/etc/security/limits.conf文件最后添加
* soft    nofile         204800
* hard    nofile         204800
* soft    nproc          204800
* hard    nproc          204800

#重启机器生效

2.安装依赖

yum -y install perl net-tools

下载对应安装包并进行安装

此次安装在CentOS7.6上，mysql版本8.0.19

#**卸载已安装的mariadb的lib包**
rpm -e mariadb-libs-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64 --nodeps
    
#**安装mysql相关包**
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm --nodeps
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

更改存储数据等目录

#创建目录
mkdir -p /data/mysql 
mkdir -p /data/log
    
#修改mysql配置文件/etc/my.cnf
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock
log-error=/data/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/data/mysql/mysqld.pid
default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password #默认的身份认证插件
[client]
socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock
 
#修改目录权限：
chown –R mysql:mysql /data

MySQL安装及配置

注意，如果要表不区分大小写，需要在初始化之前在my.cnf中写好，初始化之后将不可更改

# mysql初始化
lower_case_table_names =1
mysqld --initialize --user=mysql
        
# mysql设置先忽略登录密码，在my.cnf中先添加skip-grant-tables
		        
#启动mysql：    
service mysqld start

# 密码置空
mysql -u root

mysql> use mysql;
mysql> update user set authentication_string='' where user='root';

# mysql撤销忽略登录密码：在my.cnf中去掉skip-grant-tables
    
# 重启mysql并设置密码
service mysqld restart
mysql -u root

mysql>ALTER user 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'xxxxx';
    
#禁止开机自启动
systemctl disable mysqld

# mysql创建用户
# mysql8.0不再支持用grant的方式创建用户，跟oracle越来越像了
mysql>create user root@'%' identified by 'xxxx';
mysql>grant all on  *.*  to root@'%' with grant option;
mysql>flush privileges;

常见问题

mysql8修改了默认的密码编码格式，导致部分客户端连接异常，可以执行如下修改解决
mysql>ALTER USER ‘root’@’%’ IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY ‘xxxx’;