代表模式(Mediator Pattern)是一种行为型设计模式,它通过封装一组对象之间的交互方式,使得这些对象之间的通信变得松散耦合,从而降低了对象之间的直接依赖关系。代表模式通过引入一个中介者(Mediator)对象,将对象之间的通信集中处理,从而减少了对象之间的相互依赖,使得系统更加灵活和可扩展。
在代表模式中,中介者对象充当了对象之间的调度者和协调者的角色,它封装了对象之间的通信逻辑,负责接收和发送消息,并将消息传递给相关的对象。对象之间不再直接相互引用,而是通过中介者对象进行通信,从而达到松散耦合的效果。
以下是一个示例,展示了代表模式的应用场景和代码实现:
// 中介者接口
interface Mediator {
void sendMessage(String message, Colleague colleague);
}
// 具体中介者
class ConcreteMediator implements Mediator {
private Colleague colleague1;
private Colleague colleague2;
public void setColleague1(Colleague colleague1) {
this.colleague1 = colleague1;
}
public void setColleague2(Colleague colleague2) {
this.colleague2 = colleague2;
}
@Override
public void sendMessage(String message, Colleague colleague) {
if (colleague == colleague1) {
colleague2.receiveMessage(message);
} else if (colleague == colleague2) {
colleague1.receiveMessage(message);
}
}
}
// 抽象同事类
abstract class Colleague {
protected Mediator mediator;
public Colleague(Mediator mediator) {
this.mediator = mediator;
}
public abstract void send(String message);
public abstract void receiveMessage(String message);
}
// 具体同事类
class ConcreteColleague1 extends Colleague {
public ConcreteColleague1(Mediator mediator) {
super(mediator);
}
@Override
public void send(String message) {
mediator.sendMessage(message, this);
}
@Override
public void receiveMessage(String message) {
System.out.println("ConcreteColleague1 received message: " + message);
}
}
// 具体同事类
class ConcreteColleague2 extends Colleague {
public ConcreteColleague2(Mediator mediator) {
super(mediator);
}
@Override
public void send(String message) {
mediator.sendMessage(message, this);
}
@Override
public void receiveMessage(String message) {
System.out.println("ConcreteColleague2 received message: " + message);
}
}
// 测试代码
public class MediatorPatternExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ConcreteMediator mediator = new ConcreteMediator();
ConcreteColleague1 colleague1 = new ConcreteColleague1(mediator);
ConcreteColleague2 colleague2 = new ConcreteColleague2(mediator);
mediator.setColleague1(colleague1);
mediator.setColleague2(colleague2);
colleague1.send("Hello from colleague1!");
colleague2.send("Hi from colleague2!");
}
}
在上面的示例中,Mediator
接口定义了中介者的操作,ConcreteMediator
是具体的中介者实现。Colleague
是抽象同事类,ConcreteColleague1
和 ConcreteColleague2
是具体的同事类实现。
在 MediatorPatternExample
类中,我们创建了一个中介者对象 ConcreteMediator
,并创建了两个同事对象 ConcreteColleague1
和 ConcreteColleague2
。然后,通过调用 setColleague1
和 setColleague2
方法将同事对象注册到中介者中。
最后,我们通过调用同事对象的 send
方法发送消息,消息会经过中介者进行转发,最终到达目标同事对象,从而实现了对象之间的通信。