Android 通过NTP服务器自动获取时间的方法

importjava.net.DatagramPacket; 
importjava.net.DatagramSocket; 
importjava.net.InetAddress; 
importjava.util.Date; 
publicclassGetTime { 
publicstaticvoidmain(String[] args) { 
SntpClient client = newSntpClient(); 
if(client.requestTime("pool.ntp.org", 30000)) { 
longnow = client.getNtpTime() + System.nanoTime() / 1000 
- client.getNtpTimeReference(); 
Date current = newDate(now); 
System.out.println(current.toString()); 
} 
} 
} 
classSntpClient { 
privatestaticfinalintORIGINATE_TIME_OFFSET = 24; 
privatestaticfinalintRECEIVE_TIME_OFFSET = 32; 
privatestaticfinalintTRANSMIT_TIME_OFFSET = 40; 
privatestaticfinalintNTP_PACKET_SIZE = 48; 
privatestaticfinalintNTP_PORT = 123; 
privatestaticfinalintNTP_MODE_CLIENT = 3; 
privatestaticfinalintNTP_VERSION = 3; 
// Number of seconds between Jan 1, 1900 and Jan 1, 1970 // 70 years plus 17 leap days privatestaticfinallongOFFSET_1900_TO_1970 = ((365L * 70L) + 17L) * 24L * 60L * 60L; 
// system time computed from NTP server response privatelongmNtpTime; 
// value of SystemClock.elapsedRealtime() corresponding to mNtpTime privatelongmNtpTimeReference; 
// round trip time in milliseconds privatelongmRoundTripTime; 
/** 
* Sends an SNTP request to the given host and processes the response. 
* 
* @param host 
* host name of the server. 
* @param timeout 
* network timeout in milliseconds. 
* @return true if the transaction was successful. 
*/ 
publicbooleanrequestTime(String host, inttimeout) { 
try{ 
DatagramSocket socket = newDatagramSocket(); 
socket.setSoTimeout(timeout); 
InetAddress address = InetAddress.getByName(host); 
byte[] buffer = newbyte[NTP_PACKET_SIZE]; 
DatagramPacket request = newDatagramPacket(buffer, buffer.length, 
address, NTP_PORT); 
// set mode = 3 (client) and version = 3 // mode is in low 3 bits of first byte // version is in bits 3-5 of first byte buffer[0] = NTP_MODE_CLIENT | (NTP_VERSION << 3); 
// get current time and write it to the request packet longrequestTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); 
longrequestTicks = System.nanoTime() / 1000; 
writeTimeStamp(buffer, TRANSMIT_TIME_OFFSET, requestTime); 
socket.send(request); 
// read the response DatagramPacket response = newDatagramPacket(buffer, buffer.length); 
socket.receive(response); 
longresponseTicks = System.nanoTime() / 1000; 
longresponseTime = requestTime + (responseTicks - requestTicks); 
socket.close(); 
// extract the results longoriginateTime = readTimeStamp(buffer, ORIGINATE_TIME_OFFSET); 
longreceiveTime = readTimeStamp(buffer, RECEIVE_TIME_OFFSET); 
longtransmitTime = readTimeStamp(buffer, TRANSMIT_TIME_OFFSET); 
longroundTripTime = responseTicks - requestTicks 
- (transmitTime - receiveTime); 
// receiveTime = originateTime + transit + skew // responseTime = transmitTime + transit - skew // clockOffset = ((receiveTime - originateTime) + (transmitTime - // responseTime))/2 // = ((originateTime + transit + skew - originateTime) + // (transmitTime - (transmitTime + transit - skew)))/2 // = ((transit + skew) + (transmitTime - transmitTime - transit + // skew))/2 // = (transit + skew - transit + skew)/2 // = (2 * skew)/2 = skew longclockOffset = ((receiveTime - originateTime) + (transmitTime - responseTime)) / 2; 
// if (Config.LOGD) Log.d(TAG, "round trip: " + roundTripTime + // " ms"); // if (Config.LOGD) Log.d(TAG, "clock offset: " + clockOffset + // " ms"); // save our results - use the times on this side of the network // latency // (response rather than request time) mNtpTime = responseTime + clockOffset; 
mNtpTimeReference = responseTicks; 
mRoundTripTime = roundTripTime; 
} catch(Exception e) { 
returnfalse; 
} 
returntrue; 
} 
/** 
* Returns the time computed from the NTP transaction. 
* 
* @return time value computed from NTP server response. 
*/ 
publiclonggetNtpTime() { 
returnmNtpTime; 
} 
/** 
* Returns the reference clock value (value of 
* SystemClock.elapsedRealtime()) corresponding to the NTP time. 
* 
* @return reference clock corresponding to the NTP time. 
*/ 
publiclonggetNtpTimeReference() { 
returnmNtpTimeReference; 
} 
/** 
* Returns the round trip time of the NTP transaction 
* 
* @return round trip time in milliseconds. 
*/ 
publiclonggetRoundTripTime() { 
returnmRoundTripTime; 
} 
/** 
* Reads an unsigned 32 bit big endian number from the given offset in the 
* buffer. 
*/ 
privatelongread32(byte[] buffer, intoffset) { 
byteb0 = buffer[offset]; 
byteb1 = buffer[offset + 1]; 
byteb2 = buffer[offset + 2]; 
byteb3 = buffer[offset + 3]; 
// convert signed bytes to unsigned values inti0 = ((b0 & 0x80) == 0x80? (b0 & 0x7F) + 0x80: b0); 
inti1 = ((b1 & 0x80) == 0x80? (b1 & 0x7F) + 0x80: b1); 
inti2 = ((b2 & 0x80) == 0x80? (b2 & 0x7F) + 0x80: b2); 
inti3 = ((b3 & 0x80) == 0x80? (b3 & 0x7F) + 0x80: b3); 
return((long) i0 << 24) + ((long) i1 << 16) + ((long) i2 << + (long) i3; 
} 
/** 
* Reads the NTP time stamp at the given offset in the buffer and returns it 
* as a system time (milliseconds since January 1, 1970). 
*/ 
privatelongreadTimeStamp(byte[] buffer, intoffset) { 
longseconds = read32(buffer, offset); 
longfraction = read32(buffer, offset + 4); 
return((seconds - OFFSET_1900_TO_1970) * 1000) 
+ ((fraction * 1000L) / 0x100000000L); 
} 
/** 
* Writes system time (milliseconds since January 1, 1970) as an NTP time 
* stamp at the given offset in the buffer. 
*/ 
privatevoidwriteTimeStamp(byte[] buffer, intoffset, longtime) { 
longseconds = time / 1000L; 
longmilliseconds = time - seconds * 1000L; 
seconds += OFFSET_1900_TO_1970; 
// write seconds in big endian format buffer[offset++] = (byte) (seconds >> 24); 
buffer[offset++] = (byte) (seconds >> 16); 
buffer[offset++] = (byte) (seconds >> 8); 
buffer[offset++] = (byte) (seconds >> 0); 
longfraction = milliseconds * 0x100000000L / 1000L; 
// write fraction in big endian format buffer[offset++] = (byte) (fraction >> 24); 
buffer[offset++] = (byte) (fraction >> 16); 
buffer[offset++] = (byte) (fraction >> 8); 
// low order bits should be random data buffer[offset++] = (byte) (Math.random() * 255.0); 
} 
} 
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.util.Date;


public class GetTime {


public static void main(String[] args) {
SntpClient client = new SntpClient();
if (client.requestTime("pool.ntp.org", 30000)) {
long now = client.getNtpTime() + System.nanoTime() / 1000
- client.getNtpTimeReference();
Date current = new Date(now);
System.out.println(current.toString());
}


}
}


class SntpClient {


private static final int ORIGINATE_TIME_OFFSET = 24;
private static final int RECEIVE_TIME_OFFSET = 32;
private static final int TRANSMIT_TIME_OFFSET = 40;
private static final int NTP_PACKET_SIZE = 48;


private static final int NTP_PORT = 123;
private static final int NTP_MODE_CLIENT = 3;
private static final int NTP_VERSION = 3;


// Number of seconds between Jan 1, 1900 and Jan 1, 1970
// 70 years plus 17 leap days
private static final long OFFSET_1900_TO_1970 = ((365L * 70L) + 17L) * 24L * 60L * 60L;


// system time computed from NTP server response
private long mNtpTime;


// value of SystemClock.elapsedRealtime() corresponding to mNtpTime
private long mNtpTimeReference;


// round trip time in milliseconds
private long mRoundTripTime;


/**
* Sends an SNTP request to the given host and processes the response.
*
* @param host
* host name of the server.
* @param timeout
* network timeout in milliseconds.
* @return true if the transaction was successful.
*/
public boolean requestTime(String host, int timeout) {
try {
DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket();
socket.setSoTimeout(timeout);
InetAddress address = InetAddress.getByName(host);
byte[] buffer = new byte[NTP_PACKET_SIZE];
DatagramPacket request = new DatagramPacket(buffer, buffer.length,
address, NTP_PORT);


// set mode = 3 (client) and version = 3
// mode is in low 3 bits of first byte
// version is in bits 3-5 of first byte
buffer[0] = NTP_MODE_CLIENT | (NTP_VERSION << 3);


// get current time and write it to the request packet
long requestTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
long requestTicks = System.nanoTime() / 1000;
writeTimeStamp(buffer, TRANSMIT_TIME_OFFSET, requestTime);


socket.send(request);


// read the response
DatagramPacket response = new DatagramPacket(buffer, buffer.length);
socket.receive(response);
long responseTicks = System.nanoTime() / 1000;
long responseTime = requestTime + (responseTicks - requestTicks);
socket.close();


// extract the results
long originateTime = readTimeStamp(buffer, ORIGINATE_TIME_OFFSET);
long receiveTime = readTimeStamp(buffer, RECEIVE_TIME_OFFSET);
long transmitTime = readTimeStamp(buffer, TRANSMIT_TIME_OFFSET);
long roundTripTime = responseTicks - requestTicks
- (transmitTime - receiveTime);
// receiveTime = originateTime + transit + skew
// responseTime = transmitTime + transit - skew
// clockOffset = ((receiveTime - originateTime) + (transmitTime -
// responseTime))/2
// = ((originateTime + transit + skew - originateTime) +
// (transmitTime - (transmitTime + transit - skew)))/2
// = ((transit + skew) + (transmitTime - transmitTime - transit +
// skew))/2
// = (transit + skew - transit + skew)/2
// = (2 * skew)/2 = skew
long clockOffset = ((receiveTime - originateTime) + (transmitTime - responseTime)) / 2;
// if (Config.LOGD) Log.d(TAG, "round trip: " + roundTripTime +
// " ms");
// if (Config.LOGD) Log.d(TAG, "clock offset: " + clockOffset +
// " ms");


// save our results - use the times on this side of the network
// latency
// (response rather than request time)
mNtpTime = responseTime + clockOffset;
mNtpTimeReference = responseTicks;
mRoundTripTime = roundTripTime;
} catch (Exception e) {


return false;
}


return true;
}


/**
* Returns the time computed from the NTP transaction.
*
* @return time value computed from NTP server response.
*/
public long getNtpTime() {
return mNtpTime;
}


/**
* Returns the reference clock value (value of
* SystemClock.elapsedRealtime()) corresponding to the NTP time.
*
* @return reference clock corresponding to the NTP time.
*/
public long getNtpTimeReference() {
return mNtpTimeReference;
}


/**
* Returns the round trip time of the NTP transaction
*
* @return round trip time in milliseconds.
*/
public long getRoundTripTime() {
return mRoundTripTime;
}


/**
* Reads an unsigned 32 bit big endian number from the given offset in the
* buffer.
*/
private long read32(byte[] buffer, int offset) {
byte b0 = buffer[offset];
byte b1 = buffer[offset + 1];
byte b2 = buffer[offset + 2];
byte b3 = buffer[offset + 3];


// convert signed bytes to unsigned values
int i0 = ((b0 & 0x80) == 0x80 ? (b0 & 0x7F) + 0x80 : b0);
int i1 = ((b1 & 0x80) == 0x80 ? (b1 & 0x7F) + 0x80 : b1);
int i2 = ((b2 & 0x80) == 0x80 ? (b2 & 0x7F) + 0x80 : b2);
int i3 = ((b3 & 0x80) == 0x80 ? (b3 & 0x7F) + 0x80 : b3);


return ((long) i0 << 24) + ((long) i1 << 16) + ((long) i2 << 
+ (long) i3;
}


/**
* Reads the NTP time stamp at the given offset in the buffer and returns it
* as a system time (milliseconds since January 1, 1970).
*/
private long readTimeStamp(byte[] buffer, int offset) {
long seconds = read32(buffer, offset);
long fraction = read32(buffer, offset + 4);
return ((seconds - OFFSET_1900_TO_1970) * 1000)
+ ((fraction * 1000L) / 0x100000000L);
}


/**
* Writes system time (milliseconds since January 1, 1970) as an NTP time
* stamp at the given offset in the buffer.
*/
private void writeTimeStamp(byte[] buffer, int offset, long time) {
long seconds = time / 1000L;
long milliseconds = time - seconds * 1000L;
seconds += OFFSET_1900_TO_1970;


// write seconds in big endian format
buffer[offset++] = (byte) (seconds >> 24);
buffer[offset++] = (byte) (seconds >> 16);
buffer[offset++] = (byte) (seconds >> 8);
buffer[offset++] = (byte) (seconds >> 0);


long fraction = milliseconds * 0x100000000L / 1000L;
// write fraction in big endian format
buffer[offset++] = (byte) (fraction >> 24);
buffer[offset++] = (byte) (fraction >> 16);
buffer[offset++] = (byte) (fraction >> 8);
// low order bits should be random data
buffer[offset++] = (byte) (Math.random() * 255.0);
}
}