Elasticsearch Suggester智能搜索建议

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-11 00:17:00 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-09-11 00:17:00 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/ko0491/article/details/110038162

版权

现代的搜索引擎，一般会具备"Suggest As You Type"功能，即在用户输入搜索的过程中，进行自动补全或者纠错。通过协助用户输入更精准的关键词，提高后续全文搜索阶段文档匹配的程度。例如在京东上输入部分关键词，甚至输入拼写错误的关键词时，它依然能够提示出用户想要输入的内容
在这里插入图片描述
如果自己亲手去试一下，可以看到京东在用户刚开始输入的时候是自动补全的，而当输入到一定长度，如果因为单词拼写错误无法补全，就开始尝试提示相似的词。
那么类似的功能在Elasticsearch里如何实现呢？答案就在Suggesters API。 Suggesters基本的运作原理是将输入的文本分解为token，然后在索引的字典里查找相似的term并返回。根据使用场景的不同，Elasticsearch里设计了4种类别的Suggester，分别是:

Term Suggester
Phrase Suggester
Completion Suggester
Context Suggester

看一个Term Suggester的示例
准备一个叫做blogs的索引，配置一个text字段

PUT /blogs/
{
  "mappings": {
    "properties": {
      "body":{
        "type": "text"
      }
    }
  }
}

POST _bulk/?refresh=true
{"index":{"_index":"blogs"}}
{"body":"Lucene is cool"}
{"index":{"_index":"blogs"}}
{"body":"Elasticsearch builds on top of lucene"}
{"index":{"_index":"blogs"}}
{"body":"Elasticsearch rocks"}
{"index":{"_index":"blogs"}}
{"body":"Elastic is the company behind ELK stack"}
{"index":{"_index":"blogs"}}
{"body":"elk rocks"}
{"index":{"_index":"blogs"}}
{"body":"elasticsearch is rock solid"}

分析

POST _analyze
{
  "text": [
    "Lucene is cool",
    "Elasticsearch builds on top of lucene",
    "Elasticsearch rocks",
    "Elastic is the company behind ELK stack",
    "elk rocks",
    "elasticsearch is rock solid"
  ]
}

{
  "tokens" : [
    {
      "token" : "lucene",
      "start_offset" : 0,
      "end_offset" : 6,
      "type" : "<ALPHANUM>",
      "position" : 0
    },
    {
      "token" : "is",
      "start_offset" : 7,
      "end_offset" : 9,
      "type" : "<ALPHANUM>",
      "position" : 1
    },
    {
      "token" : "cool",
      "start_offset" : 10,
      "end_offset" : 14,
      "type" : "<ALPHANUM>",
      "position" : 2
    },
    {
      "token" : "elasticsearch",
      "start_offset" : 15,
      "end_offset" : 28,
      "type" : "<ALPHANUM>",
      "position" : 3
    },
    {
      "token" : "builds",
      "start_offset" : 29,
      "end_offset" : 35,
      "type" : "<ALPHANUM>",
      "position" : 4
    },
    {
      "token" : "on",
      "start_offset" : 36,
      "end_offset" : 38,
      "type" : "<ALPHANUM>",
      "position" : 5
    },
    {
      "token" : "top",

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