ribbitMQ简单使用

RabbitMQ

安装环境

​ 需要下载erlang语言环境

​ 配置erlang环境变量
​ ERLANG_HOME=安装根路径;
​ 在path中配置: %ERLANG_HOME%\bin
​ 安装RabbitMq:
​ 配置显示插件:在根目录下中的sbin文件夹中打开cmd,输入
​ rabbitmq-plugins.bat enable rabbitmq_management
​ 然后重启服务;

java基础实现

maven依赖导入

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.rabbitmq</groupId>
        <artifactId>amqp-client</artifactId>
        <!--和springboot2.0.5对应-->
        <version>5.4.1</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

创建链接

//链接工厂
ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
factory.setHost("127.0.0.1");
factory.setPort(5672);
factory.setVirtualHost("/");
factory.setUsername("guest");
factory.setPassword("123456");
//得到链接
Connection connection = factory.newConnection();

生产者

1.获取链接

2.建立通道

Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

3.创建交换机

channel.exchangeDeclare("交换机名称","交换机类别");

4.发送消息

channel.basicPublish("交换机名称","唯一识别routingkey" ,null,"发送消息".getBytes());

消费者

1.获取链接

2.建立通道

3.创建队列

//true 持久化 false 仅限此链接 false 是否自动回复
channel.queueDeclare("队列名",true,false,false,null);

4.绑定交换机

channel.queueBind("交换机名称","队列名称","routingkey");

5.准备消费者

Consumer consumer=new DefaultConsumer(channel){
    @Override
    public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {
	//处理
    //手动处理返回              	           	       
    channel.basicAck(envelope.getDeliveryTag(),true);
    }
};

6.消费信息

channel.basicConsume("队列名称",false,consumer);

rabbitMQ常用5种模型

1.hello
一对一,可以不用使用交换机,在交换机添加时填写空字符串即可.

2.work
一对多,使用多个消费者,会自动采用轮询的方式进行分配,
能者多劳配置(设置任务执行数量)

channel.basicQos(1);

3.fanout
订阅模型fanout,根据交换机名称和队列名称寻找,没有使用routingkey,填写空字符串.

4.direct
定向订阅模型direct,使用routingkey指定队列接受.

5.topic
通配订阅模型topic,消费者在绑定队列的routingkey使用通配符:

​ '" * " : 代表一个单词

​ " # ": 代表多个单词

springboot集成RabbitMQ

maven依赖

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <!--spirngboot集成rabbitmq-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

<dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.5.RELEASE</version>
            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>import</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>

基本配置

package xyz.kochiya.config;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

/**
 * rabbitmq 配置文件
 */
@Configuration
public class RabbitMQConfig {
    public static final String EXCHANGE_NAME_BOOT="exchange_name_boot";
    public static final String QUEUE_NAME_BOOT="queue_name_boot";


    /**
     * 创建交换机
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public Exchange createExchange(){
        return ExchangeBuilder.topicExchange(EXCHANGE_NAME_BOOT).durable(true).build();
    }

    /**
     * 创建消息队列
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public Queue createQueue(){
        return QueueBuilder.durable(QUEUE_NAME_BOOT).build();
    }

    /**
     * 绑定消息队列
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public Binding bindingExchange(){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(createQueue()).to(createExchange()).with("kochiya.#").noargs();
    }
}

生产者

package xyz.kochiya.send;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
import xyz.kochiya.App;
import xyz.kochiya.config.RabbitMQConfig;

/**
 * 发送
 */
@SpringBootTest(classes = App.class)
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
public class Sender {
    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
    @Test
    public void send(){
        //交换机回调函数
        rabbitTemplate.setConfirmCallback((correlationData, ack, cause)->{
            System.err.println("交换机回调");
            System.out.println(ack);
            System.out.println(cause);
        });
        //消息队列失败回调
        rabbitTemplate.setReturnCallback(( message, replyCode,  replyText,  exchange,  routingKey)->{
            System.err.println("队列失败回调");
            System.out.println(new String(message.getBody()));
            System.out.println(replyCode);
            System.out.println(exchange);
            System.out.println(replyText);
            System.out.println(routingKey);

        });
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitMQConfig.EXCHANGE_NAME_BOOT,"kochiya.cc","给你发送一个消息");
    }
}

消费者

package xyz.kochiya.receiver;

import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import xyz.kochiya.config.RabbitMQConfig;

import java.io.IOException;

@Component
public class Receiver {

    @RabbitListener(queues = {RabbitMQConfig.QUEUE_NAME_BOOT})
    public void getMsg(Message message, Channel channel) throws IOException {
        System.err.println("==========");
        System.out.println(new String(message.getBody()));
        channel.basicAck(message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag(),true);
    }
}