symfony4 安装和创建项目[2019]

symfony4 安装

环境：在windows 10 上

安装 compposer 并选择一个目录执行以下命令进行 symfony 项目的创建

下载Composer 最新版本：v1.7.3
Windows Installer
安装程序将为您下载composer并设置PATH环境变量，以便您可以composer从任何目录中进行调用。

下载并运行Composer-Setup.exe - 它将在执行时安装最新的composer版本。

安装的时候需要选择你的PHP位置

用默认的就一路确定即可

cmd打开

composer --version回车查看版本

然后进入你要下载symfony的位置

// 创建名称为 my-project 的项目 会在当前目录下进行创建
$ composer create-project symfony/website-skeleton my-project

创建过程比较漫长，要等待个3-5分钟
这个是创建 项目名为：symfony 的项目的整个过程




如图则安装完成
接下来启动项目

启动symfony4 项目

$ cd my-project
// 执行以下命令启动项目
$ php bin/console server:run

打开浏览器并访问http://localhost:8000/. 如果一切正常, 你将会看到欢迎页面. 稍后, 当你完成工作后, 在终端中按下Ctrl + c停止服务.

symfony4框架项目目录

├── bin                      # 可执行文件目录 -d
│   ├── console              # 命令行入口文件 用于执行很多命令，如数据库操作、缓存操作、查看路由、服务等.
│   └── phpunit              # Favicon
├── config                   # 配置目录 -d
│   ├── packages 			 # 遵循每个环境都有单独的配置文件目录 -d
│   │   ├── dev
│   │   ├── prod
│   │   ├── test
│   │   ├── cache.yaml
│   │   ├── doctrine_migrations.yaml
│   │   ├── doctrine.yaml
│   │   ├── framework.yaml
│   │   ├── routing-yaml
│   │   ├── security.yaml
│   │   ├── sensio_ framework_extra.yaml
│   │   ├── swiftmailer.yaml
│   │   ├── translation.yaml
│   │   ├── twig.yaml 
│   │   └── validator.yaml
│   ├── routes				 # 路由配置文件 -d
│   │   └── dev
│   │   │   ├── twig.yaml 
│   │   │   └── web_profiler.yaml
│   │   └── annotations.yaml
│   ├── bootstrap. php
│   ├── bundles. php   		 # 类似4版本之前的bundle注册，需要使用的bundle都要在这里进行注册才能使用
│   ├── routes. yaml   		 # 路由配置文件
│   └── services. yaml       # 服务配置文件
├── public                   # 入口文件 -d
│   └── index.php            # 项目入口文件
├── src                      # 应用目录 (应用不一定非得src目录，可以在composer.json的autoload处修改)
│   ├── Controller           # 控制器文件目录 -d
│   ├── Entity               # 数据库实体文件目录 -d
│   ├── Migrations			 # 数据库迁移目录 -d
│   ├── Repository 			 # 数据实体操作类 -d
│   └── Kernel.php			 # symfony核心，request\response都是这里处理的，包括路由、服务容器、依赖等
├── templates                # templates目录是在安装twig组件后自动创建的，是存放twig模板位置 -d
├── tests                    # 包含PHP写的与symfony测试框架兼容的单元与功能测试.项目初始化的时候，symfony会自动建立一些基本的测试。
├── translations             # 
├── var                      # 缓存、数据、日志
│   ├── cache                # 缓存目录 -d
│   └── log      			 # 日志目录 存放symfony生成的应用程序的日志文件。 -d
├── vendor                   # 组件vendor目录是放第三方组件的目录，一般这个目录下的文件是通过composer来管理的。开发过程中不会动到这里面的代码(不排除调试)
├── .env                     # shell脚本，保存着一些配置(APP_ENV、doctrine、secret等)
├── .env.test                # 
├── .gitignore               # 
├── composerjson             # 
├── composer.lock            # 
├── phpunit.xml.dist         # 
├── README.md
└── symfony.lock

dev环境，symfony加载顺序
config/packages/*
config/packages/dev/*
config/services.yaml
config/services_dev.yaml

部分文件是安装相应的组件后添加的，比如annotations.yaml、doctrine.yaml、twig.yaml

symfony4 的命令行

// 执行以下命令查看项目指令
$ php bin/console
Symfony 4.3.3 (env: dev, debug: true)

Usage:
  command [options] [arguments]

Options:
  -h, --help            Display this help message
  -q, --quiet           Do not output any message
  -V, --version         Display this application version
      --ansi            Force ANSI output
      --no-ansi         Disable ANSI output
  -n, --no-interaction  Do not ask any interactive question
  -e, --env=ENV         The Environment name. [default: "dev"]
      --no-debug        Switches off debug mode.
  -v|vv|vvv, --verbose  Increase the verbosity of messages: 1 for normal output,2 for more verbose output and 3 for debug

Available commands:
  about                                   Displays information about the current project
  help                                    Displays help for a command
  list                                    Lists commands
 assets
  assets:install                          Installs bundles web assets under a public directory
 cache
  cache:clear                             Clears the cache
  cache:pool:clear                        Clears cache pools
  cache:pool:delete                       Deletes an item from a cache pool
  cache:pool:list                         List available cache pools
  cache:pool:prune                        Prunes cache pools
  cache:warmup                            Warms up an empty cache
 config
  config:dump-reference                   Dumps the default configuration for an extension
 debug
  debug:autowiring                        Lists classes/interfaces you can use for autowiring
  debug:config                            Dumps the current configuration for an extension
  debug:container                         Displays current services for an appli
cation
  debug:event-dispatcher                  Displays configured listeners for an a
pplication
  debug:form                              Displays form type information
  debug:router                            Displays current routes for an application
  debug:swiftmailer                       Displays current mailers for an application
  debug:translation                       Displays translation messages informat
ion
  debug:twig                              Shows a list of twig functions, filters, globals and tests
 doctrine
  doctrine:cache:clear-collection-region  Clear a second-level cache collectionregion
  doctrine:cache:clear-entity-region      Clear a second-level cache entity region
  doctrine:cache:clear-metadata           Clears all metadata cache for an entity manager
  doctrine:cache:clear-query              Clears all query cache for an entity manager
  doctrine:cache:clear-query-region       Clear a second-level cache query region
  doctrine:cache:clear-result             Clears result cache for an entity manager
  doctrine:cache:contains                 Check if a cache entry exists
  doctrine:cache:delete                   Delete a cache entry
  doctrine:cache:flush                    [doctrine:cache:clear] Flush a given cache
  doctrine:cache:stats                    Get stats on a given cache provider
  doctrine:database:create                Creates the configured database
  doctrine:database:drop                  Drops the configured database
  doctrine:database:import                Import SQL file(s) directly to Database.
  doctrine:ensure-production-settings     Verify that Doctrine is properly configured for a production environment
  doctrine:generate:entities              [generate:doctrine:entities] Generates entity classes and method stubs from your mapping information
  doctrine:mapping:convert                [orm:convert:mapping] Convert mapping information between supported formats
  doctrine:mapping:import                 Imports mapping information from an existing database
  doctrine:mapping:info
  doctrine:migrations:diff                [diff] Generate a migration by comparing your current database to your mapping information.
  doctrine:migrations:dump-schema         [dump-schema] Dump the schema for your database to a migration.
  doctrine:migrations:execute             [execute] Execute a single migration version up or down manually.
  doctrine:migrations:generate            [generate] Generate a blank migration class.
  doctrine:migrations:latest              [latest] Outputs the latest version number
  doctrine:migrations:migrate             [migrate] Execute a migration to a specified version or the latest available version.
  doctrine:migrations:rollup              [rollup] Rollup migrations by deleting all tracked versions and insert the one version that exists.
  doctrine:migrations:status              [status] View the status of a set of migrations.
  doctrine:migrations:up-to-date          [up-to-date] Tells you if your schema is up-to-date.
  doctrine:migrations:version             [version] Manually add and delete migration versions from the version table.
  doctrine:query:dql                      Executes arbitrary DQL directly from the command line
  doctrine:query:sql                      Executes arbitrary SQL directly from the command line.
  doctrine:schema:create                  Executes (or dumps) the SQL needed togenerate the database schema
  doctrine:schema:drop                    Executes (or dumps) the SQL needed todrop the current database schema
  doctrine:schema:update                  Executes (or dumps) the SQL needed toupdate the database schema to match the current mapping metadata
  doctrine:schema:validate                Validate the mapping files
 lint
  lint:twig                               Lints a template and outputs encountered errors
  lint:xliff                              Lints a XLIFF file and outputs encountered errors
  lint:yaml                               Lints a file and outputs encountered errors
 make
  make:auth                               Creates a Guard authenticator of different flavors
  make:command                            Creates a new console command class
  make:controller                         Creates a new controller class
  make:crud                               Creates CRUD for Doctrine entity class
  make:entity                             Creates or updates a Doctrine entity c
lass, and optionally an API Platform resource
  make:fixtures                           Creates a new class to load Doctrine f
ixtures
  make:form                               Creates a new form class
  make:functional-test                    Creates a new functional test class
  make:migration                          Creates a new migration based on database changes
  make:registration-form                  Creates a new registration form system
  make:serializer:encoder                 Creates a new serializer encoder class
  make:serializer:normalizer              Creates a new serializer normalizer class
  make:subscriber                         Creates a new event subscriber class
  make:twig-extension                     Creates a new Twig extension class
  make:unit-test                          Creates a new unit test class
  make:user                               Creates a new security user class
  make:validator                          Creates a new validator and constraint class
  make:voter                              Creates a new security voter class
 router
  router:match                            Helps debug routes by simulating a path info match
 security
  security:encode-password                Encodes a password.
 server
  server:dump                             Starts a dump server that collects and displays dumps in a single place
  server:log                              Starts a log server that displays logs in real time
  server:run                              Runs a local web server
  server:start                            Starts a local web server in the background
  server:status                           Outputs the status of the local web server
  server:stop                             Stops the local web server that was started with the server:start command
 swiftmailer
  swiftmailer:email:send                  Send simple email message
  swiftmailer:spool:send                  Sends emails from the spool
 translation
  translation:update                      Updates the translation file

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