代码运行环境搭建
spring一系列jar包需要准备齐全
AccountDao.java(接口)
package com.my.spring.transaction.test;
public interface AccountDao {
/**
* @param in :转出账户
* @param money :转出金额
*/
public void inMoney(String in,double money);
public void outMoney(String out,double money);
}
AccountDaoImpl.java实现类
package com.my.spring.transaction.test;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.support.JdbcDaoSupport;
public class AccountDaoImpl extends JdbcDaoSupport implements AccountDao{
@Override
public void inMoney(String in, double money) {
String sql = "update account set money = money + ? where username = ?";
this.getJdbcTemplate().update(sql, money, in);
}
@Override
public void outMoney(String out, double money) {
String sql = "update account set money = money - ? where username = ?";
this.getJdbcTemplate().update(sql, money, out);
}
}
AccountService.java(接口)
package com.my.spring.transaction.test;
public interface AccountService {
/**
* @param in :转出账号
* @param out :转入账号
* @param money :转账金额
*/
public void transfer(String in,String out,double money);
}
AccountServiceImpl.java实现类
package com.my.spring.transaction.test;
import org.springframework.transaction.TransactionStatus;
import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionCallbackWithoutResult;
import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate;
public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService{
private AccountDao accountDao;
//声明式事务管理
@Override
public void transfer(String in, String out, double money) {
accountDao.outMoney(out, money);
//int i = 1/0;
accountDao.inMoney(in, money);
}
//spring注入
public void setAccountDao(AccountDao accountDao) {
this.accountDao = accountDao;
}
}
spring配置
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd ">
<!-- 加载配置文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties" />
<!-- 数据库连接池 -->
<bean name="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
<property name="maxActive" value="10" />
<property name="maxIdle" value="5" />
</bean>
<bean id="accountService" class="com.my.spring.transaction.test.AccountServiceImpl">
<property name="accountDao" ref="accountDao"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="accountDao" class="com.my.spring.transaction.test.AccountDaoImpl">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 事务管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
</beans>
TransactionTest.java
package com.my.spring.transaction.test1;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
/**
* @author lhd
* 案例测试
*/
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:spring-context.xml")
public class TransactionTest {
@Resource(name="accountService")
private AccountService accountService;
@Test
public void demo1(){
accountService.transfer("aaa", "bbb", 10);
}
}
数据库设计
代码描述:在两个用户之间转账,如果因为一些原因使得代码中途不能继续执行,就可能出现一个用户金额减少,而另一个用户金额未增加,使用org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager来管理转账问题,实现转账代码原子性(将转账代码看作一个整体),也就一旦出现转账错误就会事务回滚。举个例子就是在transfer实现方法中两个inMoney和outMoney中加一个i = 1/0,这里出现算数异常就不会向下执行代码,从而使得一个用户转出钱,一个用户没收到钱。
编程式事务管理
编程式事务管理,由java代码实现
spring配置文件修改
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd ">
<!-- 加载配置文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties" />
<!-- 数据库连接池 -->
<bean name="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
<property name="maxActive" value="10" />
<property name="maxIdle" value="5" />
</bean>
<bean id="accountService" class="com.my.spring.transaction.test.AccountServiceImpl">
<property name="accountDao" ref="accountDao"></property>
<property name="transactionTemplate" ref="transactionTemplate"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="accountDao" class="com.my.spring.transaction.test.AccountDaoImpl">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 事务管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
<!-- 事务管理模板 -->
<bean id="transactionTemplate"
class="org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate">
<property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
AccountDaoImpl.java需要继承JdbcDaoSupport,这里继承JdbcDaoSupport,再在AccountDaoImpl中注入<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>,由于继承了JdbcDaoSupport,AccountDaoImpl就是自动setJdbcTemplate(),这里就可以使用this.getJdbcTemplate(),然后值sql语句
transactionTemplate中需要注入transactionManager,因为这里事务还是需要交给transactionManager来管理,再将transactionTemplate注入accountService,这里使用org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate中的execute方法,具体实现将transfer实现方法修改成
//编程式事务管理
@Override
public void transfer(final String in,final String out,final double money) {
transactionTemplate.execute(new TransactionCallbackWithoutResult() {
@Override
protected void doInTransactionWithoutResult(TransactionStatus arg0) {
accountDao.outMoney(out, money);
int i = 1/0;
accountDao.inMoney(in, money);
}
});
}
这样就实现了事务管理,这里如果出错那么事务将会回滚,要么全部执行,要么全部不执行。
这种放修改需要修改java代码,不推荐使用。
基于TransactionProxyFactoryBean的方法
spring配置文件的修改
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd ">
<!-- 加载配置文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties" />
<!-- 数据库连接池 -->
<bean name="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
<property name="maxActive" value="10" />
<property name="maxIdle" value="5" />
</bean>
<bean id="accountService" class="com.my.spring.transaction.test.AccountServiceImpl">
<property name="accountDao" ref="accountDao"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="accountDao" class="com.my.spring.transaction.test.AccountDaoImpl">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 事务管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
<!-- 配置业务层代理,不建议使用,要单个对每个类进行配置 -->
<bean id="accountServiceProxy"
class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">
<!-- 目标对象 -->
<property name="target" ref="accountService"></property>
<!-- 注入事务管理 -->
<property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"/>
<!-- 事务属性 -->
<property name="transactionAttributes">
<props>
<!-- props的格式
* PROPAGATION : 事务的传播行为
* ISOLATION : 事务隔离级别
* readOnly : 只读(不可以修改,添加,删除)
* -Exception : 发生那些异常回滚
* +Eeception : 发生那些异常不回滚
-->
<prop key="transfer*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,+java.lang.ArithmeticException</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
使用org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean代理的方法来实现事务管理,需要将accountService设置target,也需要注入transactionManager,因为真正管理事务的式transactionManager,还需要配置一个transactionAttributes,prop的key属性,代表accountService中的transfer方法,*号代表通配符。
这里还需要修改的是TransactionTest.java
@Resource(name="accountServiceProxy")
需要注入经过org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean代理的对象。
* PROPAGATION : 事务的传播行为
* ISOLATION : 事务隔离级别
* readOnly : 只读(不可以修改,添加,删除)
* -Exception : 发生那些异常回滚
* +Eeception : 发生那些异常不回滚
这种方法只能单个类配置,不仅配置繁琐,修改起来也不方便,也是不推荐使用的。
基于AspectJ的xml配置
spring配置文件的修改
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd ">
<!-- 加载配置文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties" />
<!-- 数据库连接池 -->
<bean name="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
<property name="maxActive" value="10" />
<property name="maxIdle" value="5" />
</bean>
<bean id="accountService" class="com.my.spring.transaction.test1.AccountServiceImpl">
<property name="accountDao" ref="accountDao"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="accountDao" class="com.my.spring.transaction.test1.AccountDaoImpl">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 事务管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
<!-- 事务增强配置 -->
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="transfer*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
<aop:config>
<!-- 切入点 -->
<aop:pointcut expression="execution(* com.my.spring.transaction.test.*+.*(..))" id="pointcut"/>
<!-- 配置切面 -->
<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="pointcut"/>
</aop:config>
</beans>
这里使用首先通过execution(* com.my.spring.transaction.test1.*+.*(..)),让事务管理这些类,表示再com.my.spring.transaction.test包下的类的任意方法的任意参数,其中‘+’代表可以加上子类,最后两点代表任意参数。tx:method中属性:
propagation:事务的传播行为
no-rollback-for:发生那些异常不回滚
rollback-for:发生那些异常回滚
read-only:只读(不可以修改,添加,删除)
timeout:超时数据
这种使用还是很多了,这里配置相对简单,也很清晰。
基于注解的配置
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd ">
<!-- 加载配置文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties" />
<!-- 数据库连接池 -->
<bean name="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
<property name="maxActive" value="10" />
<property name="maxIdle" value="5" />
</bean>
<bean id="accountService" class="com.my.spring.transaction.test1.AccountServiceImpl">
<property name="accountDao" ref="accountDao"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="accountDao" class="com.my.spring.transaction.test1.AccountDaoImpl">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 事务管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
</beans>
这里只需要<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>就可以开启注解驱动。
使用:只需要再业务层使用@Transactional注解就可以了,这个注解可以是类级别的,也可以是方法级别的。
@Override
@Transactional(propagation=Propagation.REQUIRED)
public void transfer1(String in, String out, double money) {
accountDao.outMoney(out, money);
int i = 1/0;
accountDao.inMoney(in, money);
}
@Transactional也有很多属性基本和上面那些差不多。
这种使用也比较多,缺点需要修改java代码,优点就是配置简单。