一、sqlalchemy数据库中多对多的关系,主要有下面三个步骤
- 定义一个中间表保存两个表的主键
- 定义多对多关系的两个表的模型
- 给每个模型都添加一个访问对方的属性
注意在relationship
中指定中间表
二、代码如下:
from sqlalchemy import create_engine, Column, String, Integer, ForeignKey, Table
from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker, relationship
DB_URI = "mysql+mysqldb://root:root@127.0.0.1:3306/python?charset=utf8"
engine = create_engine(DB_URI)
Base = declarative_base(engine)
session = sessionmaker(engine)()
teacher_classes = Table(
"teacher_classes",
Base.metadata,
Column("teacher_id", Integer, ForeignKey("teacher.id"), nullable=False, primary_key=True),
Column("classes_id", Integer, ForeignKey("classes.id"), nullable=False, primary_key=True)
)
class Teacher(Base):
__tablename__ = "teacher"
id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
teacher_name = Column(String(100))
classes = relationship("Classes", secondary=teacher_classes)
def __repr__(self):
return "<Teacher id='%s' teacher_name='%s'>" % (self.id, self.teacher_name)
class Classes(Base):
__tablename__ = "classes"
id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
classes_name = Column(String(100))
teacher = relationship("Teacher", secondary=teacher_classes)
def __repr__(self):
return "<Classes id='%s' classes_name='%s'>" % (self.id, self.classes_name)
Base.metadata.create_all()
teacher1 = Teacher(teacher_name='admin')
teacher2 = Teacher(teacher_name='grunt')
teacher3 = Teacher(teacher_name='shuihen')
classes1 = Classes(classes_name="java")
classes2 = Classes(classes_name="python")
classes = session.query(Classes).get(1)
print classes.teacher
teacher = session.query(Teacher).get(3)
print teacher.classes