目录
例题三:从客户端发送文件给服务端,服务端保存到本地。并返回“发送成功” 给客户端。并关闭相应的连接。
网络通信要素概述:
1、通信双方地址:
> IP
> 端口号
2、一定的规则(即:网络通信协议。有两套参考模型)
> OSI参考模型:模型过于理性化,未能在因特网上进行广泛的推广
> TCP/IP参考模型(或TCP/IP协议):事实上的国际标准
同信要素一:IP和端口
InterAddress中一些方法的实现:
package Java1; import java.net.InetAddress; import java.net.UnknownHostException; /* * * */ public class InetAddressTest { public static void main(String[] args) { //File file = new File("hello.txt"); try { InetAddress inst1 = InetAddress.getByName("192.168.10.14"); System.out.println(inst1); //域名 InetAddress inet2 = InetAddress.getByName("www.bilibili.com"); System.out.println(inet2); //本地的地址: 127.0.0.1 对应着:localhost InetAddress inet3 = InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"); System.out.println(inet3); InetAddress inet4 = InetAddress.getLocalHost(); System.out.println(inet4); //getHostName() System.out.println(inet4.getHostName()); //getHostAddress() System.out.println(inet4.getHostAddress()); } catch (UnknownHostException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
通信要素二:网络通信协议
三次握手:
四次挥手:
TCP的网络编程:
客户端的实现:
1、创建Socket对象,指明服务器端的ip和端口号
2、获取一个输出流,用于输出数据
3、写出数据的操作
4、资源的关闭
服务端的实现:
1、创建服务器端的ServerSocket,指明自己的端口号
2、调用accept()表示接收来自于客户端的socket
3、获取输入流
4、读取输入流中的数据
5、关闭资源
例子1:客户端发送信息给服务器,服务器将数据显示在控制台上
package Java1; import org.junit.Test; import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.OutputStream; import java.net.InetAddress; import java.net.ServerSocket; import java.net.Socket; import java.net.UnknownHostException; /* * 实现TCP的网络编程 * 例子1:客户端发送信息给服务器,服务器将数据显示在控制台上 * */ public class TCPTest1 { //客户端 @Test public void client() { Socket socket = null; OutputStream os = null; try { //1、创建Socket对象,指明服务器端的ip和端口号 InetAddress inet = InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"); socket = new Socket(inet,8899); //2、获取一个输出流,用于输出数据 os = socket.getOutputStream(); //3、写出数据的操作 os.write("ysb".getBytes()); } catch (UnknownHostException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { //4、资源的关闭 if (os != null) { try { os.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } if (socket != null) { try { socket.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } } //服务端 @Test public void server(){ ServerSocket ss = null; Socket socket = null; InputStream is = null; ByteArrayOutputStream baos = null; try { //1、创建服务器端的ServerSocket,指明自己的端口号 ss = new ServerSocket(8899); //2、调用accept()表示接收来自于客户端的socket socket = ss.accept(); //3、获取输入流 is = socket.getInputStream(); /* *不建议这么写,容易出现乱码 中文字节为3,传输时易出错 * byte[] bytes = new byte[200]; int len ; while ((len = is.read(bytes)) != -1) { String str = new String(bytes,0,len); System.out.print(str); } */ //4、读取输入流中的数据 baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); byte[] bytes = new byte[5]; int len; while ((len = is.read(bytes)) != -1) { baos.write(bytes,0,len); } System.out.println(baos.toString()); System.out.println("收到了来自于:" + socket.getInetAddress().getHostAddress() + " 的数据"); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { //5、关闭资源 if (baos != null) { try { baos.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } if (is != null) { try { is.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } if (socket != null) { try { socket.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } if (ss != null) { try { ss.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } } }
例题二:客户端发送文件给服务端,服务端将文件保存在本地
package Java1; import org.junit.Test; import java.io.*; import java.net.InetAddress; import java.net.ServerSocket; import java.net.Socket; /* * 例题二:客户端发送文件给服务端,服务端将文件保存在本地 * * 这里涉及到的异常,应该使用try-catch-finally处理 * */ public class TCPTest2 { @Test public void client() throws IOException { Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"),9090); OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream(); FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(new File("C:\\Users\\Test\\src\\FileTest\\sy.jpg")); byte[] bytes = new byte[1024]; int len; while ((len = fis.read(bytes)) != -1) { os.write(bytes,0,len); } fis.close(); os.close(); socket.close(); } @Test public void server() throws IOException { ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(9090); Socket socket = ss.accept(); InputStream is = socket.getInputStream(); FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(new File("SY1.jpg")); byte[] bytes = new byte[1024]; int len; while ((len = is.read(bytes)) != -1) { fos.write(bytes,0,len); } fos.close(); is.close(); socket.close(); ss.close(); } }
例题三:从客户端发送文件给服务端,服务端保存到本地。并返回“发送成功” 给客户端。并关闭相应的连接。
package Java1; /* * 例题三:从客户端发送文件给服务端,服务端保存到本地。并返回“发送成功” * 给客户端。并关闭相应的连接。 * * * */ import org.junit.Test; import java.io.*; import java.net.InetAddress; import java.net.ServerSocket; import java.net.Socket; public class TCPTest3 { @Test public void client() throws IOException { Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"),9090); OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream(); FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(new File("C:\\Users\\Test\\src\\FileTest\\sy.jpg")); byte[] bytes = new byte[1024]; int len; while ((len = fis.read(bytes)) != -1) { os.write(bytes,0,len); } //关闭数据的输出 socket.shutdownOutput(); //接收来自于服务端的数据,并显示到控制台上 InputStream iss = socket.getInputStream(); ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); byte[] bytes1 = new byte[20]; int len1; while ((len1 = iss.read(bytes1)) != -1) { baos.write(bytes1,0,len1); } System.out.println(baos.toString()); fis.close(); os.close(); socket.close(); baos.close(); iss.close(); } @Test public void server() throws IOException { ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(9090); Socket socket = ss.accept(); InputStream is = socket.getInputStream(); FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(new File("SY2.jpg")); byte[] bytes = new byte[1024]; int len; while ((len = is.read(bytes)) != -1) { fos.write(bytes,0,len); } System.out.println("图片传输完成"); //服务器端给予客户端反馈 OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream(); os.write("ysb你真棒!".getBytes()); fos.close(); is.close(); socket.close(); ss.close(); os.close(); } }
客户端——服务端
客户端:
>自定义
>浏览器
服务器:
>自定义
>Tomcat服务器
UDP网络编程:
尝试:
package Java1; import org.junit.Test; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.net.*; public class UDPTest { //发送端 @Test public void sender() throws IOException { DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(); String str = "我是UDP"; byte[] data = str.getBytes(); InetAddress inet = InetAddress.getLocalHost(); DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(data,0,data.length,inet,9090); socket.send(packet); socket.close(); } //接收端 @Test public void receiver() throws IOException { DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(9090); byte[] bytes = new byte[100]; DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(bytes,0,bytes.length); socket.receive(packet); System.out.println(new String(packet.getData(),0,packet.getLength())); socket.close(); } }
URL类: