java中的深层复制和浅层复制

浅层复制的时候，一个对象仅仅在引用另外一个对象。属性没被clone。而深层复制将属性也一并clone.

Java对象的浅层复制是指Java对象A本身被clone成新对象B,但A的属性没有被clone处理，只是把A的各个属性所指的对象赋值到B对应的属性上，A与B的相同属性都引用到同一个对象。

Java对象的深层复制是指Java对象A本身被clone成新对象B，同时A的属性也是被clone成新对象，赋值到A的各个属性上去，A与B的相同属性都引用到不同的对象；

先看一个浅层复制基本的例子

package com.javaer.examples;

 

import java.util.Date;

 

/**

 * java浅层复制的特点

 *

 * @author mc2

 *

 */

public classShallowCopy {

         private Stringname;

         private intage;

 

         public StringgetName() {

                 return name;

         }

 

         public voidsetName(Stringname) {

                 this.name = name;

         }

 

         public intgetAge() {

                 return age;

         }

 

         public voidsetAge(intage) {

                 this.age = age;

         }

 

         /**

          * @param args

          */

         public staticvoid main(String[] args) {

                 ShallowCopya = newShallowCopy();

                 a.setName("yuexiaosheng");

                 a.setAge(30);

                 System.out.println("a name:" +a.getName());

                 System.out.println("a age:" +a.getAge());

 

                 ShallowCopyb = newShallowCopy();

                 b.setName(a.getName());

                 b.setAge(a.getAge());

                 System.out.println("b name:" +b.getName());

                 System.out.println("b age:" +b.getAge());

 

 

                 b.setAge(40);

                 System.out.println("b name:" +b.getName());

                 System.out.println("b age:" +b.getAge());

                 System.out.println("a name:" +a.getName());

                 System.out.println("a age:" +a.getAge());

 

 

 

 

         }

 

}

B的改变，不会对A造成任何影响。

如果Java对象的属性都是只读类的话，如原始数据类型、数据封装类、String、BigDecimal、BigInteger等，那么浅层复制与深层复制达到的效果是一样的。如果属性有Date或其他自定的数据类，那么线层复制，B的修改可能导致A的改变。数据就串了。

package com.javaer.examples;

 

import java.util.Date;

 

/**

 * java浅层复制的特点

 *

 * @author mc2

 *

 */

public classShallowCopy implements Cloneable {

         private Stringname;

         private intage;

         private Datebrith;

 

         public ShallowCopy clone(){

                 try {

                          return (ShallowCopy)super.clone();

                 } catch (CloneNotSupportedExceptione) {

                          // TODO Auto-generated catch block

                          e.printStackTrace();

                 }

                 return null;

         }

 

 

         public DategetBrith() {

                 return brith;

         }

 

         public voidsetBrith(Datebrith) {

                 this.brith = brith;

         }

 

         public StringgetName() {

                 return name;

         }

 

         public voidsetName(Stringname) {

                 this.name = name;

         }

 

         public intgetAge() {

                 return age;

         }

 

         public voidsetAge(intage) {

                 this.age = age;

         }

 

         /**

          * @param args

          * @throws CloneNotSupportedException

          */

         public staticvoid main(String[] args) throws CloneNotSupportedException {

                 ShallowCopya = newShallowCopy();

                 a.setName("yuexiaosheng");

                 a.setAge(30);

                 a.setBrith(new Date());

                 System.out.println("a name:" +a.getName());

                 System.out.println("a age:" +a.getAge());

                 System.out.println("a brith:" +a.getBrith());

                 System.out.println("---------------------------------------" );

 

                 ShallowCopyb = newShallowCopy();

                 b.setName(a.getName());

                 b.setAge(a.getAge());

                 b.setBrith(a.getBrith());

                 //ShallowCopy b = (ShallowCopy) a.clone();

                 System.out.println("b name:" +b.getName());

                 System.out.println("b age:" +b.getAge());

                 System.out.println("b brith:" +b.getBrith());

                 System.out.println("---------------------------------------" );

 

 

                 b.setAge(40);

         //       b.setBrith(newDate(100000L));

                 b.getBrith().setTime(100000L);

                 System.out.println("b name:" +b.getName());

                 System.out.println("b age:" +b.getAge());

                 System.out.println("b brith:" +b.getBrith());

                 System.out.println("---------------------------------------" );

 

                 System.out.println("a name:" +a.getName());

                 System.out.println("a age:" +a.getAge());

                 System.out.println("a brith:" +a.getBrith());

                 System.out.println("---------------------------------------" );

 

         }

 

}

上面的例子，当使用b.setBrith(new Date(100000L)); 不会对A发生改变。但是如果b.getBrith().setTime(100000L);这样就会改变A

上面例子实现浅层复制办法有两个
1.ShallowCopy b = new ShallowCopy();
b.setName(a.getName());
b.setAge(a.getAge());
b.setBrith(a.getBrith());
2.ShallowCopy b = (ShallowCopy) a.clone();

那么如何实现深层复制？

将clone函数修改如下。

public ShallowCopy clone(){

                 ShallowCopyT = null;

                 try {

                           T = (ShallowCopy)super.clone();

                          T.brith = (Date)T.brith.clone();

                 } catch (CloneNotSupportedExceptione) {

                          // TODO Auto-generated catch block

                          e.printStackTrace();

                 }

                 return T;

         }

核心是增加了一个句话来clone属性
T.brith = (Date)T.brith.clone();

java数据中常见的浅层复制方式
String[] ary = {“Tom”,”Jerry”};

String[] ary1 = Arrays.copyOf(ary, ary.length);