Java对象的深层复制是指Java对象A本身被clone成新对象B,同时A的属性也是被clone成新对象,赋值到A的各个属性上去,A与B的相同属性都引用到不同的对象;
Java对象的浅层复制是指Java对象A本身被clone成新对象B,但A的属性没有被clone处理,只是把A的各个属性所指的对象赋值到B对应的属性上,A与B的相同属性都引用到同一个对象。
在java中,默认是浅层复制的,如果要复制的对象中只含有基本数据类型和String类型,
那么浅层复制和浅层复制是没有区别的,所以你可以放心的使用默认的浅层复制,
如果属性有Date或其他自定的数据类,则一定的小心了,因为这时浅层复制后对象B的属性birthday与原始对象A的对应属性birthday,都是引用到同一个对象TestVo ,
如果通过B.birthday的方法改了TestVo的值,则修改会影响到A.birthday,这时也就会发生互串的情况
以下三种方法可以实现浅层复制:
(1)通过调用对象set方法来实现,属性个数比较少时适用
public class TestVo implementsCloneable{privateString name;private intage;privateDate birthday;publicString getName() {returnname;
}public voidsetName(String name) {this.name =name;
}public intgetAge() {returnage;
}public void setAge(intage) {this.age =age;
}publicDate getBirthday() {returnbirthday;
}public voidsetBirthday(Date birthday) {this.birthday =birthday;
}protectedTestVo clone() {
TestVo testVo= null;try{
testVo= (TestVo) super.clone();
}catch(Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}returntestVo;
}
}
public static voidtest1(){
TestVo t1= newTestVo();
t1.setAge(10);
t1.setName("刘备");
t1.setBirthday(DateUtil.strToDate("2016-10-10 12:12:12"));
TestVo t2= newTestVo();
t2.setAge(t1.getAge());
t2.setName(t1.getName());
t2.setBirthday(t1.getBirthday());
System.out.println("t1=="+t1.getAge()+","+t1.getName()+","+t1.getBirthday());
System.out.println("t2=="+t2.getAge()+","+t2.getName()+","+t2.getBirthday());
t2.setAge(20);
t2.setName("张飞");
t2.setBirthday(DateUtil.strToDate("2016-11-11 13:13:13"));
System.out.println("t3=="+t1.getAge()+","+t1.getName()+","+t1.getBirthday());
System.out.println("t4=="+t2.getAge()+","+t2.getName()+","+t2.getBirthday());
}
打印结果如下:
t1==10,刘备,Mon Oct 10 12:12:12 CST 2016
t2==10,刘备,Mon Oct 10 12:12:12 CST 2016
t3==10,刘备,Mon Oct 10 12:12:12 CST 2016
t4==20,张飞,Fri Nov 11 13:13:13 CST 2016
这时候浅层复制和深层复制打到的效果是一样的,所以对t2的值修改,不会影响t1对象的值,
但是如果date类型的属性值,按照以下方法设置值,则会影响到t1中的值
public static voidtest1(){
TestVo t1= newTestVo();
t1.setAge(10);
t1.setName("刘备");
t1.setBirthday(DateUtil.strToDate("2016-10-10 12:12:12"));
TestVo t2= newTestVo();
t2.setAge(t1.getAge());
t2.setName(t1.getName());
t2.setBirthday(t1.getBirthday());
System.out.println("t1=="+t1.getAge()+","+t1.getName()+","+t1.getBirthday());
System.out.println("t2=="+t2.getAge()+","+t2.getName()+","+t2.getBirthday());
t2.setAge(20);
t2.setName("张飞");//t2.setBirthday(DateUtil.strToDate("2016-11-11 13:13:13"));
t2.getBirthday().setTime(1000);
System.out.println("t3=="+t1.getAge()+","+t1.getName()+","+t1.getBirthday());
System.out.println("t4=="+t2.getAge()+","+t2.getName()+","+t2.getBirthday());
}
打印结果如下:
t1==10,刘备,Mon Oct 10 12:12:12 CST 2016
t2==10,刘备,Mon Oct 10 12:12:12 CST 2016
t3==10,刘备,Thu Jan 01 08:00:01 CST 1970
t4==20,张飞,Thu Jan 01 08:00:01 CST 1970
这时候t2值修改后,t1页跟着修改了,Date是一个可变的类,这样浅层复制就出现属性值互串的情况,
通过监听引用地址t1.getBirthday() == t2.getBirthday(),发现:
t2.setBirthday(DateUtil.strToDate("2016-11-11 13:13:13"));这样设置值,t1和t2的引用地址不一样,所有t2修改不会对t1产生影响
t2.getBirthday().setTime(1000);这样设置值,t1.getBirthday() == t2.getBirthday()控制台返回true,说明t1和t2的引用同一个地址,所有会相互影响,
如有不对之处,请不吝赐教,欢迎指正
(2) 通过复写object.clone来实现
TestVo t1 = newTestVo();
t1.setAge(10);
t1.setName("刘备");
t1.setBirthday(DateUtil.strToDate("2016-10-10 12:12:12"));
TestVo t2= t1.clone();
(3)通过工具类,BeanUtils, 属性个数很多时候适用
TestVo t1 = newTestVo();
t1.setAge(10);
t1.setName("刘备");
t1.setBirthday(DateUtil.strToDate("2016-10-10 12:12:12"));
TestVo t2= newTestVo();
BeanUtils.copyProperties(t2, t1);
(2)(3)和(1)的打印结果是一样的,同样,如果(2)(3)的date类型也按照如下修改值,也会影响t1的值,和(1)的一样
t2.getBirthday().setTime(1000);
再看下面的例子:
public classTestVoB {private intsex;public TestVoB(intsex){this.sex =sex;
}public voidsumValue(){this.sex += 10;
}publicString toString(){returnInteger.toString(sex);
}public intgetSex() {returnsex;
}public void setSex(intsex) {this.sex =sex;
}
}
public class TestVo implementsCloneable{privateString name;private intage;privateDate birthday;TestVoB testVoB = new TestVoB(222);publicTestVoB getTestVoB() {returntestVoB;
}public voidsetTestVoB(TestVoB testVoB) {this.testVoB =testVoB;
}publicString getName() {returnname;
}public voidsetName(String name) {this.name =name;
}public intgetAge() {returnage;
}public void setAge(intage) {this.age =age;
}publicDate getBirthday() {returnbirthday;
}public voidsetBirthday(Date birthday) {this.birthday =birthday;
}protectedTestVo clone() {
TestVo testVo= null;try{
testVo= (TestVo) super.clone();
}catch(Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}returntestVo;
}
}
public static void test2() throwsCloneNotSupportedException{
TestVo t1= newTestVo();
t1.setAge(10);
t1.setName("刘备");
t1.setBirthday(DateUtil.strToDate("2016-10-10 12:12:12"));
TestVo t2=t1.clone();
System.out.println("t1=="+t1.getAge()+","+t1.getName()+","+t1.getBirthday());
System.out.println("t2=="+t2.getAge()+","+t2.getName()+","+t2.getBirthday());
t2.setAge(20);
t2.setName("张飞");
t2.setBirthday(DateUtil.strToDate("2016-11-11 13:13:13"));
t2.testVoB.sumValue();
System.out.println("t3=="+t1.getAge()+","+t1.getName()+","+t1.getBirthday()+","+t1.testVoB);
System.out.println("t4=="+t2.getAge()+","+t2.getName()+","+t2.getBirthday()+","+t2.testVoB);
}
打印结果如下:
t1==10,刘备,Mon Oct 10 12:12:12 CST 2016
t2==10,刘备,Mon Oct 10 12:12:12 CST 2016
t3==10,刘备,Mon Oct 10 12:12:12 CST 2016,232
t4==20,张飞,Fri Nov 11 13:13:13 CST 2016,232
可以看出t2中的testVoB值的修改影响了t1中的testVoB,说明两个引用指向同一个对象。
一般情况下,用浅层复制就够了,但是在特殊情况下,浅层复制不能满足我们的业务需求,这时候就需要深层复制,实现深层复制只需要在上面的例子中修改一下就可以:
1.让TestVoB 类也实现和TestVo类一样的clone功能(实现Cloneable接口,重载clone()方法),
2.在TestVo的clone()方法中加入一句testVo.testVoB = testVoB.clone();
public class TestVoB implementsCloneable{private intsex;publicTestVoB clone() {
TestVoB testVoB= null;try{
testVoB= (TestVoB) super.clone();
}catch(Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}returntestVoB;
}public TestVoB(intsex){this.sex =sex;
}public voidsumValue(){this.sex += 10;
}publicString toString(){returnInteger.toString(sex);
}public intgetSex() {returnsex;
}public void setSex(intsex) {this.sex =sex;
}
}public class TestVo implementsCloneable{privateString name;private intage;privateDate birthday;
TestVoB testVoB= new TestVoB(222);publicTestVoB getTestVoB() {returntestVoB;
}public voidsetTestVoB(TestVoB testVoB) {this.testVoB =testVoB;
}publicString getName() {returnname;
}public voidsetName(String name) {this.name =name;
}public intgetAge() {returnage;
}public void setAge(intage) {this.age =age;
}publicDate getBirthday() {returnbirthday;
}public voidsetBirthday(Date birthday) {this.birthday =birthday;
}protectedTestVo clone() {
TestVo testVo= null;try{
testVo= (TestVo) super.clone();
}catch(Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
testVo.testVoB=testVoB.clone();returntestVo;
}
}
这时候再去执行,打印结果如下:
t1==10,刘备,Mon Oct 10 12:12:12 CST 2016
t2==10,刘备,Mon Oct 10 12:12:12 CST 2016
t3==10,刘备,Mon Oct 10 12:12:12 CST 2016,222
t4==20,张飞,Fri Nov 11 13:13:13 CST 2016,232
可以看到t2中的testVoB值的修改,t1中的testVoB没有变化,说明两个对象引用指向了不同的对象,实现了深层复制
以上只是本人自己的一些理解,如有不对的地方,请不吝赐教,共同学习