参考文件：
1，AM335x ARM Cortex-A8 Microprocessors (MPUs) Technical Reference Manual.pdf；
2，am3359.pdf；
1，am335x的cpu上电后，会跳到哪个地址去执行？
答：
芯片到uboot启动流程 ：ROM → MLO(SPL)→ uboot.img
AM335x 中bootloader被分成了 3 个部分：
第一级 bootloader：引导加载程序，板子上电后会自动执行这些代码，如选择哪种方式启动（NAND，SDcard，UART。。。），然后跳转转到第二级 bootloader。这些代码应该是存放在 176KB 的 ROM 中。
第二级 bootloader：MLO（SPL），用以硬件初始化：关闭看门狗，关闭中断，设置 CPU 时钟频率、速度等操作。然后会跳转到第三级bootloader。MLO文件应该会被映射到 64 KB的 Internal SRAM 中。
第三级 bootloader：uboot.img，C代码的入口。
其中第一级 bootloader 是板子固化的，第二级和第三级是通过编译 uboot 所得的。
2，第二级 bootloader：MLO（SPL）做了哪些事情？
MLO(SPL)内存分布如下：
SPL内存重映射：
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 | < PATH : /arch/arm/cpu/armv7/omap-common/u-boot-spl.lds >
MEMORY { .sram : ORIGIN = CONFIG_SPL_TEXT_BASE,\
LENGTH = CONFIG_SPL_MAX_SIZE }
MEMORY { .sdram : ORIGIN = CONFIG_SPL_BSS_START_ADDR, \
LENGTH = CONFIG_SPL_BSS_MAX_SIZE }
OUTPUT_FORMAT("elf32-littlearm", "elf32-littlearm", "elf32-littlearm")
OUTPUT_ARCH(arm)
ENTRY(_start)
SECTIONS
{
.text :
{
__start = .;
arch/arm/cpu/armv7/start.o (.text)
*(.text*)
} >.sram
. = ALIGN(4);
.rodata : { *(SORT_BY_ALIGNMENT(.rodata*)) } >.sram
. = ALIGN(4);
.data : { *(SORT_BY_ALIGNMENT(.data*)) } >.sram
. = ALIGN(4);
__image_copy_end = .;
_end = .;
.bss :
{
. = ALIGN(4);
__bss_start = .;
*(.bss*)
. = ALIGN(4);
__bss_end__ = .;
} >.sdram
}
|
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 | <path :="" include="" configs="" am335x_evm.h="">
#define CONFIG_SPL_TEXT_BASE 0x402F0400
#define CONFIG_SPL_MAX_SIZE (46 * 1024)
#define CONFIG_SPL_STACK LOW_LEVEL_SRAM_STACK
#define CONFIG_SPL_BSS_START_ADDR 0x80000000
#define CONFIG_SPL_BSS_MAX_SIZE 0x80000 /* 512 KB */ <span style="font-size:16px;color:#003399;"><strong></strong></span></path>
|
@1@ 保存启动参数 bl save_boot_params
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 | <path :="" arch="" arm="" cpu="" armv7="" start.s="">
/*
* the actual reset code
*/
reset:
bl save_boot_params
</path>
|
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 | <path :="" arch="" arm="" cpu="" armv7="" omap-common="" lowlevel_init.s="">
.global save_boot_params
save_boot_params:
/*
* See if the rom code passed pointer is valid:
* It is not valid if it is not in non-secure SRAM
* This may happen if you are booting with the help of
* debugger
*/
ldr r2, =NON_SECURE_SRAM_START
cmp r2, r0
bgt 1f
ldr r2, =NON_SECURE_SRAM_END
cmp r2, r0
blt 1f
/*
* store the boot params passed from rom code or saved
* and passed by SPL
*/
cmp r0, #0
beq 1f
ldr r1, =boot_params
str r0, [r1]</path>
|
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 | /*《PATH: /arch/arm/include/asm/arch-ti81xx/omap.h》
* Non-secure SRAM Addresses
* Non-secure RAM starts at 0x40300000 for GP devices. But we keep SRAM_BASE
* at 0x40304000(EMU base) so that our code works for both EMU and GP
*/
#define NON_SECURE_SRAM_START 0x40304000
#define NON_SECURE_SRAM_END 0x4030E000
#define LOW_LEVEL_SRAM_STACK 0x4030B7FC
|
问题：这些参数是保存在哪里的？大概有哪些参数？
答：
这些参数保存的内存地址为 64 KB 的 OCM RAM 中：
注：Dowloaded Image 区域：是用来保存 MLO（SPL） 文件的，其最大可达到 109 KB
@a2@ 设置 CPU 为 SVC32 模式
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 | <path :="" arch="" arm="" cpu="" armv7="" start.s="">
/*
* set the cpu to SVC32 mode
*/
mrs r0, cpsr
bic r0, r0, #0x1f
orr r0, r0, #0xd3
msr cpsr,r0</path>
|
CPSR:程序状态寄存器(current program status register) (当前程序状态寄存器)，在任何处理器模式下被访问。它包含了条件标志位、中断禁止位、当前处理器模式标志以及其他的一些控制和状态位。
CPSR在用户级编程时用于存储条件码。
SPSR:程序状态保存寄存器（saved program status register）,每一种处理器模式下都有一个状态寄存器SPSR,SPSR用于保存CPSR的状态，以便异常返回后恢复异常发生时的工作状态。当特定 的异常中断发生时，这个寄存器用于存放当前程序状态寄存器的内容。在异常中断退出时，可以用SPSR来恢复CPSR。由于用户模式和系统模式不是异常中断 模式，所以他没有SPSR。当用户在用户模式或系统模式访问SPSR，将产生不可预知的后果。
CPSR格式如下所示。SPSR和CPSR格式相同。
31 30 29 28 27 26 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
N Z C V Q DNM(RAZ) I F T M4 M3 M2 M1 M0
详解：http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-28458801-id-3487199.html
@a3@ CPU的初始化
| 1 2 3 4 5 | 《PATH : /arch/arm/cpu/armv7/start.S》
/* the mask ROM code should have PLL and others stable */
#ifndef CONFIG_SKIP_LOWLEVEL_INIT
bl cpu_init_crit
#endif
|
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 | <path :="" arch="" arm="" cpu="" armv7="" omap-common="" lowlevel_init.s="">
.globl lowlevel_init
lowlevel_init:
/*
* Setup a temporary stack
*/
ldr sp, =LOW_LEVEL_SRAM_STACK
/*
* Save the old lr(passed in ip) and the current lr to stack
*/
push {ip, lr}
/*
* go setup pll, mux, memory
*/
bl s_init
pop {ip, pc}</path>
|
问题：CPU的初始化有哪些内容？
答：
@b1@ 首先要设置堆栈区，因为将会调用 C函数来实现CPU的初始化
问题：这个堆栈在什么位置，其内存大小是多少？
答
| 1 2 | 《PATH ：/arch/arm/include/asm/arch-ti81xx/omap.h》
#define LOW_LEVEL_SRAM_STACK 0x4030B7FC<strong></strong>
|
@b2@ 执行 s_init() 函数，实现 CPU 的初始化
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 | <path :="" board="" ti="" am335x="" evm.c="">
/*
* early system init of muxing and clocks.
*/
void s_init(void)
{
/* Can be removed as A8 comes up with L2 enabled */
l2_cache_enable();
/* WDT1 is already running when the bootloader gets control
* Disable it to avoid "random" resets
*/
__raw_writel(0xAAAA, WDT_WSPR);
while(__raw_readl(WDT_WWPS) != 0x0);
__raw_writel(0x5555, WDT_WSPR);
while(__raw_readl(WDT_WWPS) != 0x0);
#ifdef CONFIG_SPL_BUILD
/* Setup the PLLs and the clocks for the peripherals */
pll_init();
/* Enable RTC32K clock */
rtc32k_enable();
/* UART softreset */
u32 regVal;
u32 uart_base = DEFAULT_UART_BASE;
enable_uart0_pin_mux();
/* IA Motor Control Board has default console on UART3*/
/* XXX: This is before we've probed / set board_id */
if (board_id == IA_BOARD) {
uart_base = UART3_BASE;
}
regVal = __raw_readl(uart_base + UART_SYSCFG_OFFSET);
regVal |= UART_RESET;
__raw_writel(regVal, (uart_base + UART_SYSCFG_OFFSET) );
while ((__raw_readl(uart_base + UART_SYSSTS_OFFSET) &
UART_CLK_RUNNING_MASK) != UART_CLK_RUNNING_MASK);
/* Disable smart idle */
regVal = __raw_readl((uart_base + UART_SYSCFG_OFFSET));
regVal |= UART_SMART_IDLE_EN;
__raw_writel(regVal, (uart_base + UART_SYSCFG_OFFSET));
/* Initialize the Timer */
init_timer();
preloader_console_init();
printf("\nlocation /board/ti/am335x\n"); //@@
/*@@*/
// led();
/*@@*/
config_am335x_ddr();
#endif
}</path>
|
@c1@ 使能第二级缓冲区
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 | /* Can be removed as A8 comes up with L2 enabled */
l2_cache_enable();
<path :="" arch="" arm="" cpu="" armv7="" ti81xx="" cache.s="">
l2_cache_enable:
push {r0, r1, r2, lr}
mrc 15, 0, r3, cr1, cr0, 1
orr r3, r3, #2
mcr 15, 0, r3, cr1, cr0, 1
pop {r1, r2, r3, pc}</path>
|
@c2@ 关闭看门狗（WDT）
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 | /* WDT1 is already running when the bootloader gets control
* Disable it to avoid "random" resets
*/
__raw_writel(0xAAAA, WDT_WSPR);
while(__raw_readl(WDT_WWPS) != 0x0);
__raw_writel(0x5555, WDT_WSPR);
while(__raw_readl(WDT_WWPS) != 0x0);
|
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 | <path :="" arch="" arm="" include="" asm="" arch-ti81xx="" cpu.h="">
#define WDT_WSPR (WDT_BASE + 0x048)
<path :="" arch="" arm="" include="" asm="" arch-ti81xx="" hardware.h="">
/* Watchdog Timer */
#ifdef CONFIG_AM335X
#define WDT_BASE 0x44E35000
#else
#define WDT_BASE 0x480C2000
#endif</path></path>
|
@c3@ 给外设设置好 PLL 和 时钟频率等
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 | /* Setup the PLLs and the clocks for the peripherals */
pll_init();
<path :="" board="" ti="" am335x="" pll.c="">
/*
* Configure the PLL/PRCM for necessary peripherals
*/
void pll_init()
{
mpu_pll_config(MPUPLL_M_500);
core_pll_config();
per_pll_config();
ddr_pll_config();
/* Enable the required interconnect clocks */
interface_clocks_enable();
/* Enable power domain transition */
power_domain_transition_enable();
/* Enable the required peripherals */
per_clocks_enable();
}
</path>
|
@c4@ 使能 32-KHz 频率的实时时钟
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 | /* Enable RTC32K clock */
rtc32k_enable();
《PATH : /board/ti/am335x/evm.c》
static void rtc32k_enable(void)
{
/* Unlock the rtc's registers */
__raw_writel(0x83e70b13, (AM335X_RTC_BASE + RTC_KICK0_REG));
__raw_writel(0x95a4f1e0, (AM335X_RTC_BASE + RTC_KICK1_REG));
/* Enable the RTC 32K OSC */
__raw_writel(0x48, (AM335X_RTC_BASE + RTC_OSC_REG));
}
<path :="" arch="" arm="" include="" asm="" arch-ti81xx="" hardware.h="">
/* RTC base address */
#define AM335X_RTC_BASE 0x44E3E000
<path :="" board="" ti="" am335x="" evm.c="">
#define RTC_KICK0_REG 0x6c
#define RTC_KICK1_REG 0x70
#define RTC_OSC_REG 0x54
</path></path>
|
@c5@ 使能UART0
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 | /* UART softreset */
u32 regVal;
u32 uart_base = DEFAULT_UART_BASE;
enable_uart0_pin_mux();
/* IA Motor Control Board has default console on UART3*/
/* XXX: This is before we've probed / set board_id */
if (board_id == IA_BOARD) {
uart_base = UART3_BASE;
}
regVal = __raw_readl(uart_base + UART_SYSCFG_OFFSET);
regVal |= UART_RESET;
__raw_writel(regVal, (uart_base + UART_SYSCFG_OFFSET) );
while ((__raw_readl(uart_base + UART_SYSSTS_OFFSET) &
UART_CLK_RUNNING_MASK) != UART_CLK_RUNNING_MASK);
/* Disable smart idle */
regVal = __raw_readl((uart_base + UART_SYSCFG_OFFSET));
regVal |= UART_SMART_IDLE_EN;
__raw_writel(regVal, (uart_base + UART_SYSCFG_OFFSET));
<path :="" arch="" arm="" include="" asm="" arch-ti81xx="" cpu.h="">
#ifdef CONFIG_AM335X
#define DEFAULT_UART_BASE UART0_BASE
#endif
<path :="" arch="" arm="" include="" asm="" arch-ti81xx="" hardware.h="">
#ifdef CONFIG_AM335X
#define UART0_BASE 0x44E09000
#else
#define UART0_BASE 0x48020000
#endif</path></path>
|
@c6@ 初始化 定时器
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 | /* Initialize the Timer */
init_timer();
<path :="" board="" ti="" am335x="" evm.c="">
static void init_timer(void)
{
/* Reset the Timer */
__raw_writel(0x2, (DM_TIMER2_BASE + TSICR_REG));
/* Wait until the reset is done */
while (__raw_readl(DM_TIMER2_BASE + TIOCP_CFG_REG) & 1);
/* Start the Timer */
__raw_writel(0x1, (DM_TIMER2_BASE + TCLR_REG));
}
<path :="" arch="" arm="" include="" asm="" arch-ti81xx="" hardware.h="">
/* DM Timer base addresses */
#define DM_TIMER0_BASE 0x4802C000
#define DM_TIMER1_BASE 0x4802E000
#define DM_TIMER2_BASE 0x48040000
#define DM_TIMER3_BASE 0x48042000
#define DM_TIMER4_BASE 0x48044000
#define DM_TIMER5_BASE 0x48046000
#define DM_TIMER6_BASE 0x48048000
#define DM_TIMER7_BASE 0x4804A000</path></path>
|
@c7@ 初始化控制台，通过UART可以查看相关信息
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 | preloader_console_init();
《PATH : /arch/arm/cpu/armv7/omap-common/spl.c》
/* This requires UART clocks to be enabled */
void preloader_console_init(void)
{
const char *u_boot_rev = U_BOOT_VERSION;
char rev_string_buffer[50];
gd = &gdata;
gd->bd = &bdata;
gd->flags |= GD_FLG_RELOC;
gd->baudrate = CONFIG_BAUDRATE;
serial_init(); /* serial communications setup */
/* Avoid a second "U-Boot" coming from this string */
u_boot_rev = &u_boot_rev[7];
printf("\nU-Boot SPL %s (%s - %s)\n", u_boot_rev, U_BOOT_DATE,
U_BOOT_TIME);
omap_rev_string(rev_string_buffer);
printf("Texas Instruments %s\n", rev_string_buffer);
} <span style="font-size:14px;color:#003399;"></span>
|
@c8@ 配置 DDR
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 | config_am335x_ddr();
《PATH ：》
/* void DDR2_EMIF_Config(void); */
static void config_am335x_ddr(void)
{
int data_macro_0 = 0;
int data_macro_1 = 1;
enable_ddr_clocks();
config_vtp();
Cmd_Macro_Config();
Data_Macro_Config(data_macro_0);
Data_Macro_Config(data_macro_1);
__raw_writel(PHY_RANK0_DELAY, DATA0_RANK0_DELAYS_0);
__raw_writel(PHY_RANK0_DELAY, DATA1_RANK0_DELAYS_0);
__raw_writel(DDR_IOCTRL_VALUE, DDR_CMD0_IOCTRL);
__raw_writel(DDR_IOCTRL_VALUE, DDR_CMD1_IOCTRL);
__raw_writel(DDR_IOCTRL_VALUE, DDR_CMD2_IOCTRL);
__raw_writel(DDR_IOCTRL_VALUE, DDR_DATA0_IOCTRL);
__raw_writel(DDR_IOCTRL_VALUE, DDR_DATA1_IOCTRL);
__raw_writel(__raw_readl(DDR_IO_CTRL) & 0xefffffff, DDR_IO_CTRL);
__raw_writel(__raw_readl(DDR_CKE_CTRL) | 0x00000001, DDR_CKE_CTRL);
config_emif_ddr2();
}
《PATH : /arm/include/asm/arch-ti81xx/cpu.h》
#define DATA0_RANK0_DELAYS_0 (DDR_PHY_BASE_ADDR + 0x134)
#define DATA1_RANK0_DELAYS_0 (DDR_PHY_BASE_ADDR + 0x1D8)
/* DDR offsets */
#define DDR_PHY_BASE_ADDR 0x44E12000
#define DDR_IO_CTRL 0x44E10E04
#define DDR_CKE_CTRL 0x44E1131C
#define CONTROL_BASE_ADDR 0x44E10000
|
@c DONE@
@b DONE@
@a4@ 设置 internal RAM 内存空间的栈指针，调用 board_init_f()函数
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 | /* Set stackpointer in internal RAM to call board_init_f */
call_board_init_f:
ldr sp, =(CONFIG_SYS_INIT_SP_ADDR)
bic sp, sp, #7 /* 8-byte alignment for ABI compliance */
ldr r0,=0x00000000
bl board_init_f
|
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 | <path: include="" configs="" am335x_evm.h="">
#define CONFIG_SYS_INIT_SP_ADDR (CONFIG_SYS_INIT_RAM_ADDR + \
CONFIG_SYS_INIT_RAM_SIZE - \
GENERATED_GBL_DATA_SIZE)
#define CONFIG_SYS_INIT_RAM_ADDR SRAM0_START
#define CONFIG_SYS_INIT_RAM_SIZE SRAM0_SIZE
<path :="" arch="" arm="" include="" asm="" arch-ti81xx="" hardware.h="" begin="">
#ifdef CONFIG_AM335X
#define SRAM0_START 0x402F0400
#else
#define SRAM0_START 0x40300000
#endif
<path :="" arch="" arm="" include="" asm="" arch-ti81xx="" hardware.h="" end="">
<path :="" arch="" arm="" include="" asm="" arch-ti81xx="" cpu.h="" begin="">
#if defined(CONFIG_AM335X) || defined(CONFIG_TI814X)
#define SRAM0_SIZE (0x1B400) /* 109 KB */
#define SRAM_GPMC_STACK_SIZE (0x40)
#endif
<path :="" arch="" arm="" include="" asm="" arch-ti81xx="" cpu.h="" end="">
<path :="" am335x="" include="" generated="" generic-asm-offsets.h="" begin="">
#define GENERATED_GBL_DATA_SIZE (128) /* (sizeof(struct global_data) + 15) & ~15 */
<path :="" am335x="" include="" generated="" generic-asm-offsets.h="" end=""></path></path></path></path></path></path></path:>
|
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 | <path :="" arch="" arm="" cpu="" armv7="" omap-common="" spl.c'="">
void board_init_f(ulong dummy)
{
/*
* We call relocate_code() with relocation target same as the
* CONFIG_SYS_SPL_TEXT_BASE. This will result in relocation getting
* skipped. Instead, only .bss initialization will happen. That's
* all we need
*/
debug(">>board_init_f()\n");
relocate_code(CONFIG_SPL_STACK, &gdata, CONFIG_SPL_TEXT_BASE);
}
<path :="" arch="" arm="" cpu="" armv7="" omap-common="" spl.c="" begin="">
#define CONFIG_SPL_TEXT_BASE 0x402F0400
#define CONFIG_SPL_MAX_SIZE (46 * 1024)
#define CONFIG_SPL_STACK LOW_LEVEL_SRAM_STACK
<path :="" arch="" arm="" cpu="" armv7="" omap-common="" spl.c="" end="">
<path :="" arch="" arm="" include="" asm="" arch-ti81xx="" omap.h="" begin="">
#define LOW_LEVEL_SRAM_STACK 0x4030B7FC
<path :="" arch="" arm="" include="" asm="" arch-ti81xx="" omap.h="" end=""></path></path></path></path></path>
|
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 | <path :="" arch="" arm="" cpu="" armv7="" start.s="">
/*
* void relocate_code (addr_sp, gd, addr_moni)
*
* This "function" does not return, instead it continues in RAM
* after relocating the monitor code.
*
*/
.globl relocate_code
relocate_code:
mov r4, r0 /* save addr_sp */
mov r5, r1 /* save addr of gd */
mov r6, r2 /* save addr of destination 0x402F0400*/</path>
|
@a5@ 代码重定位
代码重定向，它首先检测自己(MLO)是否已经在内存中：
如果是直接跳到下面的堆栈初始化代码 clear_bss。
如果不是就将自己从Nor Flash中拷贝到内存中。
Nor Flash 和Nand Flash 本质区别就在于是否进行代码拷贝，也就是下面代码所表述：无论
是Nor Flash 还是Nand Flash，核心思想就是将 uboot 代码搬运到内存中去运行，但是没有拷
贝bss 后面这段代码，只拷贝bss 前面的代码，bss 代码是放置全局变量的。Bss 段代码是为
了清零，拷贝过去再清零重复操作。
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 | /* Set up the stack */
stack_setup:
mov sp, r4
adr r0, _start
cmp r0, r6
moveq r9, #0 /* no relocation. relocation offset(r9) = 0 */
beq clear_bss /* skip relocation */
mov r1, r6 /* r1 <- scratch for copy_loop */
ldr r3, _image_copy_end_ofs
add r2, r0, r3 /* r2 <- source end address */
copy_loop: /* 自拷贝 */
ldmia r0!, {r9-r10} /* copy from source address [r0] */
stmia r1!, {r9-r10} /* copy to target address [r1] */
cmp r0, r2 /* until source end address [r2] */
blo copy_loop
|
@a6@ 清空 bss 段
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 | clear_bss:
ldr r0, _bss_start_ofs
ldr r1, _bss_end_ofs
mov r4, r6 /* reloc addr */
add r0, r0, r4
add r1, r1, r4
mov r2, #0x00000000 /* clear */
clbss_l:str r2, [r0] /* clear loop... */
add r0, r0, #4
cmp r0, r1
bne clbss_l
/*
* These are defined in the board-specific linker script.
*/
.globl _bss_start_ofs
_bss_start_ofs:
.word __bss_start - _start /* __bss_start = 0x80000000 */
|
@a7@ 调用函数 board_init_r，用以完成 MLO（SPI）阶段的所有初始化，并跳转到 uboot.img 阶段
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 | /*
* We are done. Do not return, instead branch to second part of board
* initialization, now running from RAM.
*/
jump_2_ram:
/*
* If I-cache is enabled invalidate it
*/
#ifndef CONFIG_SYS_ICACHE_OFF
mcr p15, 0, r0, c7, c5, 0 @ invalidate icache
mcr p15, 0, r0, c7, c10, 4 @ DSB
mcr p15, 0, r0, c7, c5, 4 @ ISB
#endif
ldr r0, _board_init_r_ofs
adr r1, _start
add lr, r0, r1
add lr, lr, r9
/* setup parameters for board_init_r */
mov r0, r5 /* gd_t */
mov r1, r6 /* dest_addr */
/* jump to it ... */
mov pc, lr
_board_init_r_ofs:
.word board_init_r - _start
|
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 | 《PATH : /arch/arm/cpu/armv7/omap-common/spl.c 》
void board_init_r(gd_t *id, ulong dummy)
{
u32 boot_device;
debug(">>spl:board_init_r()\n");
timer_init();
i2c_init(CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SPEED, CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SLAVE);
#ifdef CONFIG_SPL_BOARD_INIT
spl_board_init();
#endif
boot_device = omap_boot_device();
debug("boot device - %d\n", boot_device);
switch (boot_device) {
#ifdef CONFIG_SPL_MMC_SUPPORT
case BOOT_DEVICE_MMC1:
case BOOT_DEVICE_MMC2:
spl_mmc_load_image();
break;
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_SPL_NAND_SUPPORT
case BOOT_DEVICE_NAND:
spl_nand_load_image();
break;
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_SPL_YMODEM_SUPPORT
case BOOT_DEVICE_UART:
spl_ymodem_load_image();
break;
#endif
default:
printf("SPL: Un-supported Boot Device - %d!!!\n", boot_device);
hang();
break;
}
switch (spl_image.os) {
case IH_OS_U_BOOT:
debug("Jumping to U-Boot\n");
jump_to_image_no_args();
break;
default:
puts("Unsupported OS image.. Jumping nevertheless..\n");
jump_to_image_no_args();
}
}
|
@a DONE@
3，第三级 bootloader：uboot.img 做了哪些事情？
uboot.img 内存分布如下：
访问 /arch/arm/lib/board.c 中 的 board_init_f() 函数：
在 uboot.img 运行过程中，有两个非常重要的结构体：gd_t 和 bd_t 。
其中 gd_t ：global_data 数据结构的定义，位于：/arch/arm/include/asm/global_data.h 中。
其成员主要是一些全局的系统初始化参数。
其中 bd_t ：bd_info 数据结构的定义，位于：/arch/arm/include/asm/u-boot.h 中。
其成员是开发板的相关参数。
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 | <path :="" arch="" arm="" include="" asm="" global_data.h="">
/*
* The following data structure is placed in some memory which is
* available very early after boot (like DPRAM on MPC8xx/MPC82xx, or
* some locked parts of the data cache) to allow for a minimum set of
* global variables during system initialization (until we have set
* up the memory controller so that we can use RAM).
*
* Keep it *SMALL* and remember to set GENERATED_GBL_DATA_SIZE > sizeof(gd_t)
*/
typedef struct global_data {
bd_t *bd;
unsigned long flags;
unsigned long baudrate;
unsigned long have_console; /* serial_init() was called */
unsigned long env_addr; /* Address of Environment struct */
unsigned long env_valid; /* Checksum of Environment valid? */
unsigned long fb_base; /* base address of frame buffer */
#ifdef CONFIG_FSL_ESDHC
unsigned long sdhc_clk;
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_AT91FAMILY
/* "static data" needed by at91's clock.c */
unsigned long cpu_clk_rate_hz;
unsigned long main_clk_rate_hz;
unsigned long mck_rate_hz;
unsigned long plla_rate_hz;
unsigned long pllb_rate_hz;
unsigned long at91_pllb_usb_init;
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_ARM
/* "static data" needed by most of timer.c on ARM platforms */
unsigned long timer_rate_hz;
unsigned long tbl;
unsigned long tbu;
unsigned long long timer_reset_value;
unsigned long lastinc;
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_IXP425
unsigned long timestamp;
#endif
unsigned long relocaddr; /* Start address of U-Boot in RAM */
phys_size_t ram_size; /* RAM size */
unsigned long mon_len; /* monitor len */
unsigned long irq_sp; /* irq stack pointer */
unsigned long start_addr_sp; /* start_addr_stackpointer */
unsigned long reloc_off;
#if !(defined(CONFIG_SYS_ICACHE_OFF) && defined(CONFIG_SYS_DCACHE_OFF))
unsigned long tlb_addr;
#endif
void **jt; /* jump table */
char env_buf[32]; /* buffer for getenv() before reloc. */
} gd_t;
#define DECLARE_GLOBAL_DATA_PTR register volatile gd_t *gd asm ("r8")
<path :="" arch="" arm="" include="" asm="" u-boot.h="">
typedef struct bd_info {
int bi_baudrate; /* serial console baudrate */
unsigned long bi_ip_addr; /* IP Address */
ulong bi_arch_number; /* unique id for this board */
ulong bi_boot_params; /* where this board expects params */
struct /* RAM configuration */
{
ulong start;
ulong size;
} bi_dram[CONFIG_NR_DRAM_BANKS];
} bd_t;
</path></path>
|
其中 DECLARE_GLOBAL_DATA_PTR 宏定义在系统初始化过程中会被频繁调用，
其的作用是，声明gd这么一个全局的指针，这个指针指向gd_t结构体类型，并且这个gd指针是保存在ARM的r8这个寄存器里面的。
uboot.img 第一个运行的文件还是 start.o，其在运行访问的 board_init_f() 函数定义在 /arch/arm/lib/board.c 中：
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 | <path :="" arch="" arm="" lib="" board.c="">
void board_init_f(ulong bootflag)
{
bd_t *bd;
init_fnc_t **init_fnc_ptr;
gd_t *id;
ulong addr, addr_sp;
/* Pointer is writable since we allocated a register for it */
gd = (gd_t *) ((CONFIG_SYS_INIT_SP_ADDR) & ~0x07);
/* compiler optimization barrier needed for GCC >= 3.4 */
__asm__ __volatile__("": : :"memory");
memset((void *)gd, 0, sizeof(gd_t));
...
}</path>
|
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 | <path :="" include="" configs="" am335x_evm="">
#define CONFIG_SYS_INIT_RAM_ADDR SRAM0_START
#define CONFIG_SYS_INIT_RAM_SIZE SRAM0_SIZE
#define CONFIG_SYS_INIT_SP_ADDR (CONFIG_SYS_INIT_RAM_ADDR + \
CONFIG_SYS_INIT_RAM_SIZE - \
GENERATED_GBL_DATA_SIZE)
<path :="" arch="" arm="" include="" asm="" arch-ti81xx="" hardware.h="">
#define SRAM0_START 0x402F0400
<path :="" arch="" arm="" include="" asm="" arch-ti81xx="" cpu.h="">
#define SRAM0_SIZE (0x1B400) /* 109 KB */
<path :="" am335x="" include="" generated="" generic-asm-offsets.h="">
#define GENERATED_GBL_DATA_SIZE (128) /* (sizeof(struct global_data) + 15) & ~15 */</path></path></path></path>
|
因此，系统初始化参数将会被保存在 （保存 MLO（SPL）文件的内存空间的）末尾 2 KB 处。
通过计算的 gb 指针指向的内存空间地址为 gb = 0x4030B000
gb_t 结构体中某些元素的值是来自于 uboot.img's header，这个header的数据保存在内存的0x807FFFCO，大小为 64字节
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 | <path :="" include="" image.h="">
/*
* Legacy format image header,
* all data in network byte order (aka natural aka bigendian).
*/
typedef struct image_header {
uint32_t ih_magic; /* Image Header Magic Number */
uint32_t ih_hcrc; /* Image Header CRC Checksum */
uint32_t ih_time; /* Image Creation Timestamp */
uint32_t ih_size; /* Image Data Size */
uint32_t ih_load; /* Data Load Address */
uint32_t ih_ep; /* Entry Point Address */
uint32_t ih_dcrc; /* Image Data CRC Checksum */
uint8_t ih_os; /* Operating System */
uint8_t ih_arch; /* CPU architecture */
uint8_t ih_type; /* Image Type */
uint8_t ih_comp; /* Compression Type */
uint8_t ih_name[IH_NMLEN]; /* Image Name */
} image_header_t;</path>
|
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 | <path :="" include="" configs="" am335x_evm.h="">
/*
* 8MB into the SDRAM to allow for SPL's bss at the beginning of SDRAM.
* 64 bytes before this address should be set aside for u-boot.img's
* header. That is 0x807FFFC0--0x80800000 should not be used for any
* other needs.
*/
#define CONFIG_SYS_TEXT_BASE 0x80800000</path>
|
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